Calculator Display and Logic

Published April 22, 2021

Arduino 2.4 tft display calculator

A calculator that work on 2.4 TFT LCD display

BeginnerProtip3,542

Things used in this project

Hardware components

Arduino UNO

2.4 TFT LCD display

Software apps and online services

Arduino IDE

Story

Calculator Display and Logic

Draw buttons for digits and operators and the display field of the calculator. All digits and operator buttons have the same size. So, the co-ordinates of each button can be calculated in the program.

When a screen press is detected, the program calculates the row and column co-ordinates and identifies the button pressed.

If a number button is pressed, the program will add that digit to a char array. It has two arrays for storing the first and second number. If the first array and the operator is empty, it will add the digit pressed to the first array. If the operator isn’t empty, it will add digits to the second char array.

When the ‘=’ button is pressed, it will check both the arrays and the operator. If atleast one of them is empty, it will return back to the loop section without calculating anything.

If both arrays and operator have values, it will first convert the first and second array into integer numbers. The below function does the conversion :

int32_t chararraytoint(char *a)
{
  int32_t len = strlen(a);
  int32_t finalnum = 0;
  int32_t intval = 0;
  int32_t placeval = 1;
  if (len > 0)  
  {
    for (int i = len - 1; i >= 0; i--)
    {
      intval = chartoint(a[i]);
      intval = intval * placeval;
      finalnum = finalnum + intval;
      placeval *= 10;
    }
  }
  return finalnum;
}

In the character array, the digit in the last array location will be in the units place. For converting the array into a number, we iterate from the last array position to position 0.

To begin, the place value of the number is set to 1(ones place). The for loop will iterate until it reaches array position 0.

To convert a character location into an integer, the chartoint() function is used. Once the integer is obtained for the digit, it is multiplied with its place value and the result is added to finalnum variable. The placevalue is multiplied by 10 in every iteration of the loop, so that when it reaches position 0, it will have the highest placevalue.

The finalnum variable will have the integer number at the end of the for loop.

It also has a screen saver which will be activated after 15 seconds of inactivity. The variable named time will be incremented by 1 every second. When it receives a touch, it will set time variable to 0. If the time variable exceeds 15 seconds, it will enter the screen saver loop. Inside, it will keep reading the touchscreen and also print shapes in random colours and sizes. Whenever it reads a touch, the logic will return to the main loop, resetting time variable to 0.

Code

The code

#include <Adafruit_GFX.h>
#include <Adafruit_TFTLCD.h> 
#include <TouchScreen.h>
#define YP A3 
#define XM A2
#define YM 9  
#define XP 8 
#define TS_MINX 140
#define TS_MINY 120
#define TS_MAXX 910
#define TS_MAXY 920
TouchScreen ts = TouchScreen(XP, YP, XM, YM, 300);
#define LCD_CS A3
#define LCD_CD A2
#define LCD_WR A1
#define LCD_RD A0
#define LCD_RESET A4
Adafruit_TFTLCD tft(LCD_CS, LCD_CD, LCD_WR, LCD_RD, LCD_RESET);
int32_t answer = 0;
char lastchar = ' ';
char keyarray1[200];
char keyarray2[200];
int32_t keyarray1i = 0;
int32_t keyarray2i = 0;
char operation = ' ';
long Time = 0;
long millicount = 0;
int interval = 1000;
int screenTimout = 15;
#define BLACK   0x0000
int32_t BLUE = tft.color565(50, 50, 255);
#define DARKBLUE 0x0010
#define VIOLET 0x8888
#define RED     0xF800
#define GREEN   0x07E0
#define CYAN    0x07FF
#define MAGENTA 0xF81F
#define YELLOW  0xFFE0
#define WHITE   0xFFFF
#define GREY   tft.color565(64, 64, 64);
#define GOLD 0xFEA0
#define BROWN 0xA145
#define SILVER 0xC618
#define LIME 0x07E0
#define ORANGE 0xFD20
#define ORANGERED 0xFA20
#define minpressure 10
#define maxpressure 1000
#define row1x 0
#define box1y 260
#define boxsize 60
#define r1x 190
#define b1y 55
int32_t tftheight = 0;
int32_t tftwidth = 0;
int32_t extray = 43;
int32_t x, y = 0;

char button[4][4] = {
  { '7', '8', '9', '/' },
  { '4', '5', '6', '*' },
  { '1', '2', '3', '-' },
  { 'C', '0', '=', '+' }
};



void draw()
{
  tft.fillScreen(BLACK);

  tft.drawRoundRect(row1x, box1y, boxsize, boxsize, 8, RED);
  tft.drawRoundRect(row1x, box1y - boxsize, boxsize, boxsize, 8, WHITE);
  tft.drawRoundRect(row1x, box1y - boxsize * 2, boxsize, boxsize, 8, WHITE);
  tft.drawRoundRect(row1x, box1y - boxsize * 3, boxsize, boxsize, 8, WHITE);

  for (int32_t b = box1y; b >= 80; b -= boxsize)
  { tft.drawRoundRect  (180, b, boxsize, boxsize, 8, BLUE);
    tft.drawRoundRect  (row1x + boxsize, b, boxsize, boxsize, 8, WHITE);
  }
  tft.drawRoundRect(row1x + boxsize * 2, box1y, boxsize, boxsize, 8, GREEN);
  tft.drawRoundRect(row1x + boxsize * 2, box1y - boxsize, boxsize, boxsize, 8, WHITE);
  tft.drawRoundRect(row1x + boxsize * 2, box1y - boxsize * 2, boxsize, boxsize, 8, WHITE);
  tft.drawRoundRect(row1x + boxsize * 2, box1y - boxsize * 3, boxsize, boxsize, 8, WHITE);

  for (int32_t j = 0; j < 4; j++) {
    for (int32_t i = 0; i < 4; i++) {
      tft.setCursor(22 + (boxsize * i), 100 + (boxsize * j));
      tft.setTextSize(3);
      tft.setTextColor(WHITE);
      tft.println(button[j][i]);
    }
  }
  tft.drawRoundRect(2, 5, 235, 70, 8, ORANGERED);
}


void drawintro()
{
  tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
  tft.setTextSize(3);
  tft.drawRoundRect(0, 0, 240, 319, 20, RED);

  tft.setTextColor(BLUE);
  tft.setCursor(30, 100);
  tft.print("Welcome To");
  tft.setCursor(30, 130);
  tft.setTextColor(YELLOW);
  tft.print("Arduino.cc");
  tft.setCursor(30, 160);
  tft.setTextColor(RED);
  tft.print("CALCULATOR");
  tft.setCursor(45, 250);
  tft.setTextColor(WHITE);
  tft.print("Touch To");
  tft.setCursor(45, 280);
  tft.print("Continue");
  tft.setCursor(30, 50);
  tft.fillRoundRect(20, 40, 200, 40, 8, YELLOW);
  tft.setTextColor(RED);
  tft.print("Minuka");
  tft.fillRoundRect(25, 215, 180, 5, 8, GREEN);
  digitalWrite(13, HIGH);
  TSPoint p = ts.getPoint();  
  digitalWrite(13, LOW);
  pinMode(XM, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(YP, OUTPUT);


  int i = 1;

  while (i == 1)
  {
    digitalWrite(13, HIGH);
    TSPoint p = ts.getPoint(); 
    digitalWrite(13, LOW);

    pinMode(XM, OUTPUT);
    pinMode(YP, OUTPUT);

    if (p.z > minpressure && p.z < maxpressure)
    {
      return;
    }
  }
}

void screenSaver()
{
  digitalWrite(13, HIGH);
  TSPoint p = ts.getPoint(); 
  digitalWrite(13, LOW);
  pinMode(XM, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(YP, OUTPUT);
  tft.fillScreen(BLACK);
  tft.setCursor(30, 100);
  tft.print("ENTERING");
  tft.setCursor(10, 150);
  tft.print("SCREEN SAVER");
  tft.setCursor(50, 200);
  tft.print("MODE");
  delay(1000);
  tft.fillScreen(RED);


  int i = 0;
  while (i == 0)
  {
    for (int i = 0; i < 150; i++)
    {
      int color = tft.color565(random(255), random(255), random(255));
      int x = random(350);
      int y = random(350);
      int r = random(30);
      tft.fillCircle(x, y, r, color);
      TSPoint p = ts.getPoint();
      digitalWrite(13, LOW);
      pinMode(XM, OUTPUT);
      pinMode(YP, OUTPUT);

      if (p.z > minpressure && p.x < 1000)
      {
        draw();
        tft.setCursor(10, 30);
        if (keyarray1[0] != '\0')
        {
          tft.print(keyarray1);

          if (operation != ' ')
          {
            tft.print(operation);

            if (keyarray2[0] != '\0')
            {
              tft.print(keyarray2);
            }
          }
        }
        else
          tft.setCursor(10, 30);
          
        return;
      }


    }
    tft.fillScreen(tft.color565(random(255), random(255), random(255)));
  }
}


void setup()
{
  keyarray1[0] = '\0';
  keyarray2[0] = '\0';

  Serial.begin(9600);
  Serial.println("Calculator");
  tft.begin(0x9341);
  tft.setRotation(2);
  drawintro();
  tftheight = tft.height();
  tftwidth = tft.width();
  draw();
  tft.setCursor(10, 30);
}

void loop()
{
  digitalWrite(13, HIGH);
  TSPoint p = ts.getPoint();  
  digitalWrite(13, LOW);
  pinMode(XM, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(YP, OUTPUT);

  x = map(p.x, TS_MINX, TS_MAXX, tft.width(), 0);
  y = map(p.y, TS_MINY, TS_MAXY,  tft.height(), 0) + 30;

  if ((millis() - millicount) > interval)
  {
    millicount = millis();
    Time += 1;
  }
  if (Time >= screenTimout && (p.z < 10 || p.z > 1000))
  {
    screenSaver();
    Time = 0;
  }

  if (p.z > 10 && p.z < 1000)
  {
    Time = 0;
    millicount = millis();
  }

  if (p.z > minpressure && p.z < maxpressure)
  {

    lastchar = ' ';
    lastchar = idbutton();

    if (lastchar >= '0' && lastchar <= '9')
    {
      if (operation == ' ')
      {
        addchar(keyarray1, lastchar);
        tft.print(lastchar);
        Serial.println(keyarray1);
      }

      else if (operation != ' ')
      {
        addchar(keyarray2, lastchar);
        tft.print(lastchar);
        Serial.println(keyarray2);
      }
    }

    if (lastchar == '+' || lastchar == '-' || lastchar == '/' || lastchar == '*' && keyarray2[0] == '\0' && keyarray1[0] != '\0')
    {
      if ( operation != ' ')
      {
        operation = lastchar;
        tft.fillRoundRect(2, 5, 235, 70, 8, BLACK);
        tft.drawRoundRect(2, 5, 235, 70, 8, ORANGERED);
        tft.setCursor(10, 30);
        tft.print(keyarray1);
        tft.print(operation);
      }
      else
      {
        if (operation == ' ')
        {
          operation = lastchar;
          tft.print(operation);
        }
      }
    }

    if (lastchar == 'C')
    {
      keyarray1[0] = '\0';
      keyarray2[0] = '\0';
      answer = 0;

      keyarray1i = 0;
      keyarray2i = 0;

      operation = ' ';
      draw();
      tft.fillRoundRect(2, 5, 235, 70, 8, BLACK);
      tft.drawRoundRect(2, 5, 235, 70, 8, ORANGERED);
      tft.setCursor(10, 30);
    }

    if (lastchar == '=')
    {
      if (keyarray1[0] != '\0' && keyarray2[0] != '\0')
      {
        Serial.println("Calculate");
        if (keyarray2[0] == '0' && operation == '/')
        {
          tft.setCursor(10, 30);
          tft.fillRoundRect(2, 5, 235, 70, 8, BLACK);
          tft.drawRoundRect(2, 5, 235, 70, 8, ORANGERED);
          tft.print("=");
          tft.setTextColor(RED);
          tft.print("ERROR");
          tft.setTextColor(WHITE);
          keyarray1[0] = '\0';
          keyarray2[0] = '\0';
          operation = ' ';
          return;
        }
        keyarray1i = 0;
        keyarray2i = 0;
        keyarray1i = chararraytoint(keyarray1);
        keyarray2i = chararraytoint(keyarray2);

        answer = calc(keyarray1i, keyarray2i, operation);

        tft.fillRoundRect(2, 5, 235, 70, 8, BLACK);
        tft.drawRoundRect(2, 5, 235, 70, 8, ORANGERED);
        tft.setCursor(10, 30);
        tft.print('=');
        tft.print(answer);
        keyarray1i = 0;
        operation = ' ';
        keyarray2i = 0;
      }
    }
    delay(500);
  }


}

char idbutton()
{
  //Row 1 identification
  if ((tftwidth >= x) && (x >= (tftwidth - boxsize)))
  {
  
    if (((extray + boxsize) >= y) && (y >= extray))
    {
      tft.drawRoundRect(row1x, box1y, boxsize, boxsize, 8, WHITE);
      delay(100);
      tft.drawRoundRect(row1x, box1y, boxsize, boxsize, 8, RED);
      return 'C';
    }
  
    if (((extray + (boxsize * 2)) >= y) && (y >= (extray + boxsize)))
    {
      tft.drawRoundRect(row1x, box1y - boxsize, boxsize, boxsize, 8, RED);
      delay(100);
      tft.drawRoundRect(row1x, box1y - boxsize, boxsize, boxsize, 8, WHITE);
      return '1';
    }
   
    if (((extray + (boxsize * 3)) >= y) && (y >= (extray + (boxsize * 2))))
    {
      tft.drawRoundRect(row1x, box1y - boxsize * 2, boxsize, boxsize, 8, RED);
      delay(100);
      tft.drawRoundRect(row1x, box1y - boxsize * 2, boxsize, boxsize, 8, WHITE);
      return '4';
    }
   
    if (((extray + (boxsize * 4)) >= y) && (y >= (extray + (boxsize * 3))))
    {
      tft.drawRoundRect(row1x, box1y - boxsize * 3, boxsize, boxsize, 8, RED);
      delay(100);
      tft.drawRoundRect(row1x, box1y - boxsize * 3, boxsize, boxsize, 8, WHITE);
      return '7';
    }

  }

  //Row 2 identification
  if (((tftwidth - boxsize) >= x) && (x >= (tftwidth - (boxsize * 2))))
  {
    
  
    if (((extray + boxsize) >= y) && (y >= extray))
    {
      tft.drawRoundRect(row1x + boxsize, box1y, boxsize, boxsize, 8, RED);
      delay(100);
      tft.drawRoundRect(row1x + boxsize, box1y, boxsize, boxsize, 8, WHITE);
      return '0';
    }
    
    if (((extray + (boxsize * 2)) >= y) && (y >= (extray + boxsize)))
    {
      tft.drawRoundRect(row1x + boxsize, box1y - boxsize, boxsize, boxsize, 8, RED);
      delay(100);
      tft.drawRoundRect(row1x + boxsize, box1y - boxsize, boxsize, boxsize, 8, WHITE);
      return '2';
    }
    
    if (((extray + (boxsize * 3)) >= y) && (y >= (extray + (boxsize * 2))))
    {
      tft.drawRoundRect(row1x + boxsize, box1y - boxsize * 2, boxsize, boxsize, 8, RED);
      delay(100);
      tft.drawRoundRect(row1x + boxsize, box1y - boxsize * 2, boxsize, boxsize, 8, WHITE);
      return '5';
    }
    //8
    if (((extray + (boxsize * 4)) >= y) && (y >= (extray + (boxsize * 3))))
    {
      tft.drawRoundRect(row1x + boxsize, box1y - boxsize * 3, boxsize, boxsize, 8, RED);
      delay(100);
      tft.drawRoundRect(row1x + boxsize, box1y - boxsize * 3, boxsize, boxsize, 8, WHITE);
      return '8';
    }
  }


  if (((tftwidth - boxsize * 2) >= x) && (x >= (tftwidth - (boxsize * 3))))
  {
 
    if (((extray + boxsize) >= y) && (y >= extray))
    {
      tft.drawRoundRect(row1x + boxsize * 2, box1y, boxsize, boxsize, 8, BLUE);
      delay(100);
      tft.drawRoundRect(row1x + boxsize * 2, box1y, boxsize, boxsize, 8, GREEN);
      return '=';
    }
  
    if (((extray + (boxsize * 2)) >= y) && (y >= (extray + boxsize)))
    {
      tft.drawRoundRect(row1x + boxsize * 2, box1y - boxsize, boxsize, boxsize, 8, RED);
      delay(100);
      tft.drawRoundRect(row1x + boxsize * 2, box1y - boxsize, boxsize, boxsize, 8, WHITE);
      return '3';
    }
 
    if (((extray + (boxsize * 3)) >= y) && (y >= (extray + (boxsize * 2))))
    {
      tft.drawRoundRect(row1x + boxsize * 2, box1y - boxsize * 2, boxsize, boxsize, 8, RED);
      delay(100);
      tft.drawRoundRect(row1x + boxsize * 2, box1y - boxsize * 2, boxsize, boxsize, 8, WHITE);
      return '6';
    }
  
    if (((extray + (boxsize * 4)) >= y) && (y >= (extray + (boxsize * 3))))
    {
      tft.drawRoundRect(row1x + boxsize * 2, box1y - boxsize * 3, boxsize, boxsize, 8, RED);
      delay(100);
      tft.drawRoundRect(row1x + boxsize * 2, box1y - boxsize * 3, boxsize, boxsize, 8, WHITE);
      return '9';
    }

  }

  //Row 4 identification
  if (((tftwidth - boxsize * 3) >= x) && (x >= (tftwidth - (boxsize * 4))))
  {

    if (((extray + boxsize) >= y) && (y >= extray))
    {
      tft.drawRoundRect(row1x + boxsize * 3, box1y, boxsize, boxsize, 8, GREEN);
      delay(100);
      tft.drawRoundRect(row1x + boxsize * 3, box1y, boxsize, boxsize, 8, BLUE);
      return '+';
    }
   
    if (((extray + (boxsize * 2)) >= y) && (y >= (extray + boxsize)))
    {
      tft.drawRoundRect(row1x + boxsize * 3, box1y - boxsize, boxsize, boxsize, 8, GREEN);
      delay(100);
      tft.drawRoundRect(row1x + boxsize * 3, box1y - boxsize, boxsize, boxsize, 8, BLUE);
      return '-';
    }
    
    if (((extray + (boxsize * 3)) >= y) && (y >= (extray + (boxsize * 2))))
    {
      tft.drawRoundRect(row1x + boxsize * 3, box1y - boxsize * 2, boxsize, boxsize, 8, GREEN);
      delay(100);
      tft.drawRoundRect(row1x + boxsize * 3, box1y - boxsize * 2, boxsize, boxsize, 8, BLUE);
      return '*';
    }
    
    if (((extray + (boxsize * 4)) >= y) && (y >= (extray + (boxsize * 3))))
    {
      tft.drawRoundRect(row1x + boxsize * 3, box1y - boxsize * 3, boxsize, boxsize, 8, GREEN);
      delay(100);
      tft.drawRoundRect(row1x + boxsize * 3, box1y - boxsize * 3, boxsize, boxsize, 8, BLUE);
      return '/';
    }
  }
}

void addchar(char *array1, char inchar)
{
  int32_t input_str_len = strlen(array1); 
  array1[input_str_len]   = inchar;
  position in the string
  array1[input_str_len + 1] = '\0';
}

int32_t chartoint(char num)
{

  return num - '0';
}

int32_t calc(int32_t num1, int32_t num2, char op)
{
  if (op == '+')
  {
    Serial.print(num1);
    Serial.print("   ");
    Serial.print(num2);
    return (num1 + num2);
  }
  if (op == '-')
  {
    return (num1 - num2);
  }
  if (op == '*')
  {
    return (num1 * num2);
  }
  if (op == '/')
  {
    return (num1 / num2);
  }
}

int32_t chararraytoint(char *a)
{
  int32_t len = strlen(a);
  int32_t finalnum = 0;
  int32_t intval = 0;
  int32_t placeval = 1;

  if (len > 0)
  {
    for (int i = len - 1; i >= 0; i--)
    {
      intval = chartoint(a[i]);
      intval = intval * placeval;
      finalnum = finalnum + intval;
      placeval *= 10;
    }
  }
  return finalnum;
}

Credits

DrOpShOtZ

12 projects • 17 followers

Contact me from Discord. DrOpShOtZ#6290

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Arduino 2.4 tft display calculator

Things used in this project

Hardware components

Software apps and online services

Story

Calculator Display and Logic

Schematics

Clip the Display on the Arduino

Code

The code

Credits

DrOpShOtZ

Comments

Embed the widget on your own site

Arduino 2.4 tft display calculator

Arduino 2.4 tft display calculator

Things used in this project

Hardware components

Software apps and online services

Story

Calculator Display and Logic

Schematics

Clip the Display on the Arduino

Code

The code

Credits

DrOpShOtZ

Comments

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