Guillermo Perez Guillen
Created December 15, 2020 © CC BY-NC-ND

Digital Blood Pressure Monitor

Detecting blood pressure using Korotkoff sounds

AdvancedFull instructions provided24 hours488

Things used in this project

Hardware components

STM32F429I-DISC1
×1
ESP32-WROOM-32
×1
SparkFun - Micropressure Sensor
×1
SparkFun Full-Bridge Motor Driver Breakout - L298N
SparkFun Full-Bridge Motor Driver Breakout - L298N
×1
Air Pump
×1
Pneumatic Solenoid Valve
×1
Air Release Valve
×1
Rechargeable Battery, 7.2 V
Rechargeable Battery, 7.2 V
×1

Software apps and online services

GNAT Community
AdaCore GNAT Community
GNAT Pro
AdaCore GNAT Pro
Arduino IDE
Arduino IDE

Hand tools and fabrication machines

Arm Cuff Blood Pressure Monitor
3D Printer (generic)
3D Printer (generic)
Aneroid gauge
ESD Air Hose, with Standard Fitting
ESD Air Hose, with Standard Fitting
Hot glue gun (generic)
Hot glue gun (generic)

Story

Read more

Schematics

Digital Blood Pressure Monitor

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

Digital Blood Pressure Monitor

FLOWCHART

STL FILES

Box, Cover and Support

Code

digital_blood_pressure_monitor.adb

ADA
Developed with GNAT Programming Studio. This code must be compiled and uploaded to the STM32F429I board
--  AUTHOR: GUILLERMO ALBERTO PEREZ GUILLEN

with Last_Chance_Handler;  pragma Unreferenced (Last_Chance_Handler);

with STM32.Device;  use STM32.Device;
with HAL;           use HAL;
with STM32.ADC;     use STM32.ADC;
with STM32.GPIO;    use STM32.GPIO;
with Ada.Real_Time; use Ada.Real_Time;

with STM32.User_Button; --PA0 button
with LCD_Std_Out;

procedure Digital_Blood_Pressure_Monitor is

   type Integer_Array is array (Integer range <>) of Integer with Default_Component_Value => 0;
   PressureArray : Integer_Array (0..200);

   Converter     : Analog_To_Digital_Converter renames ADC_1; -- ADC_1
   Input_Channel : constant Analog_Input_Channel := 5; --5
   Input         : constant GPIO_Point := PA5;   -- PA5 analog input

   Solenoid_valve  : GPIO_Point renames PD12; -- solenoid valve
   Motor           : GPIO_Point renames PD13; -- air pump
   Enable_a        : GPIO_Point renames PD14;
   Enable_b        : GPIO_Point renames PD15;

   Ports : constant GPIO_Points := (Solenoid_valve, Motor, Enable_a, Enable_b);

   All_Regular_Conversions : constant Regular_Channel_Conversions :=
     (1 => (Channel => Input_Channel, Sample_Time => Sample_144_Cycles));

   Raw : UInt32 := 0;
   Volts : UInt32 := 0;
   Pressure : UInt32 := 0;
   Pressure_total : UInt32 := 0;
   X_Pos: Integer := 0;
   --PressureAddr : UInt32 := 1; -- No such thing as a zero Pressure address
   var_a : UInt32 := 0;
   var_b : UInt32 := 0;
   var_c : UInt32 := 0;
   inc : UInt32 := 50;

   Successful : Boolean;

   procedure Initialize_Ports;

   procedure Print (X, Y : Natural; Value : UInt32; Suffix : String := "");

   procedure Configure_Analog_Input;

   ----------------------------
   -- Initialize_Ports        --
   ----------------------------

   procedure Initialize_Ports is
   begin
      Enable_Clock (GPIO_D);

      Configure_IO
        (Ports,
         (Mode        => Mode_Out,
          Resistors   => Floating,
          Speed       => Speed_100MHz,
          Output_Type => Push_Pull));
   end Initialize_Ports;

   -----------
   -- Print --
   -----------

   procedure Print (X, Y : Natural; Value : UInt32; Suffix : String := "") is
      Value_Image : constant String := Value'Img;
   begin
      LCD_Std_Out.Put (X, Y, Value_Image (2 .. Value_Image'Last) & Suffix & "   ");
   end Print;

   ----------------------------
   -- Configure_Analog_Input --
   ----------------------------

   procedure Configure_Analog_Input is
   begin
      Enable_Clock (Input);
      Configure_IO (Input, (Mode => Mode_Analog, Resistors => Floating));
   end Configure_Analog_Input;

begin
   Initialize_Ports;
   STM32.User_Button.Initialize;
   Solenoid_valve.Clear;
   Motor.Clear;
   Enable_a.Clear;
   Enable_b.Clear;

   Configure_Analog_Input;

   Enable_Clock (Converter);

   Reset_All_ADC_Units;

   Configure_Common_Properties
     (Mode           => Independent,
      Prescalar      => PCLK2_Div_2,
      DMA_Mode       => Disabled,
      Sampling_Delay => Sampling_Delay_5_Cycles);

   Configure_Unit
     (Converter,
      Resolution => ADC_Resolution_12_Bits,
      Alignment  => Right_Aligned);

   Configure_Regular_Conversions
     (Converter,
      Continuous  => False,
      Trigger     => Software_Triggered,
      Enable_EOC  => True,
      Conversions => All_Regular_Conversions);

   Enable (Converter);

   loop

      Start_Conversion (Converter);
      Poll_For_Status (Converter, Regular_Channel_Conversion_Complete, Successful);

      Solenoid_valve.Clear;
      Motor.Clear;
      Enable_a.Clear;
      Enable_b.Clear;

      Raw := UInt32 (Conversion_Value (Converter));
      Volts := UInt32  ((Float (Raw) / 4096.0) * 3000.0);   -- 4096 ADC = 3000 mV
      Pressure := UInt32 ((Float (Volts) / 3000.0) * 255.0);   -- 3000 mV = 255 mmHg
      Pressure_total := UInt32 (float (Pressure) - 8.0);   -- 3000 mV = 255 mmHg
      Print (0, 0, Pressure_total, " mmHg"); -- print blood pressure

      if STM32.User_Button.Has_Been_Pressed then -- Btn pressed then go to 170 mmHg
         Start_Conversion (Converter);
         Poll_For_Status (Converter, Regular_Channel_Conversion_Complete, Successful);
         Solenoid_valve.Set;   -- solenoid valve is ON
         Motor.Set;   -- air pump is ON
         Enable_a.Set;
         Enable_b.Set;
         Raw := UInt32 (Conversion_Value (Converter));
         Volts := UInt32  ((Float (Raw) / 4096.0) * 3000.0);   -- 4096 ADC = 3000 mV
         Pressure := UInt32 ((Float (Volts) / 3000.0) * 255.0);   -- 3000 mV = 255 mmHg
         Pressure_total := UInt32 (float (Pressure) - 8.0);   -- 3000 mV = 255 mmHg
         Print (0, 0, Pressure_total, " mmHg"); -- print blood pressure

         while Pressure_total <= 170 loop
            Start_Conversion (Converter);
            Poll_For_Status (Converter, Regular_Channel_Conversion_Complete, Successful);
            Raw := UInt32 (Conversion_Value (Converter));
            Volts := UInt32  ((Float (Raw) / 4096.0) * 3000.0);   -- 4096 ADC = 3000 mV
            Pressure := UInt32 ((Float (Volts) / 3000.0) * 255.0);   -- 3000 mV = 255 mmHg
            Pressure_total := UInt32 (float (Pressure) - 8.0);   -- 3000 mV = 255 mmHg
            Print (0, 0, Pressure_total, " mmHg"); -- print blood pressure
            delay until Clock + Milliseconds (75); 
         end loop;

         Solenoid_valve.Set;   -- solenoid valve is ON
         Motor.Clear;   -- air pump is OFF
         Enable_a.Set;
         Enable_b.Clear;

         delay until Clock + Milliseconds (100);  

         while Pressure_total > 70 and Pressure_total <= 210 loop
            Start_Conversion (Converter);
            Poll_For_Status (Converter, Regular_Channel_Conversion_Complete, Successful);
            Raw := UInt32 (Conversion_Value (Converter));
            Volts := UInt32  ((Float (Raw) / 4096.0) * 3000.0);   -- 4096 ADC = 3000 mV
            Pressure := UInt32 ((Float (Volts) / 3000.0) * 255.0);   -- 3000 mV = 255 mmHg
            Pressure_total := UInt32 (float (Pressure) - 8.0);   -- 3000 mV = 255 mmHg
            Print (0, 0, Pressure_total, " mmHg"); -- print blood pressure

            PressureArray(X_Pos) := Integer (Pressure_total);
            X_Pos := X_Pos + 1;
            delay until Clock + Milliseconds (190); 
         end loop;

--         for I in 1 .. 140 loop
--            PressureAddr := UInt32(PressureArray(I));
--            Print (0, 50, PressureAddr, " mmHg"); -- print blood pressure
--            delay until Clock + Milliseconds (50); -- 4 secs and inflating the cuff to 80 mmHg
--         end loop;

         for I in 1 .. 130 loop
            var_a := UInt32(PressureArray(I));
            var_b := UInt32(PressureArray(I+1));
            var_c := UInt32(PressureArray(I+2));

            if var_b > var_a and var_c > var_a then

               Print (0, Integer (inc), var_b, " mmHg-korot");
               inc := inc + 25;
               delay until Clock + Milliseconds (1);

            else

               delay until Clock + Milliseconds (1);

            end if;

         end loop;

      else
         Start_Conversion (Converter);
         Poll_For_Status (Converter, Regular_Channel_Conversion_Complete, Successful);
         Solenoid_valve.Clear; -- valve is OFF
         Motor.Clear; -- stop the motor
         Enable_a.Clear;
         Enable_b.Clear;
         Raw := UInt32 (Conversion_Value (Converter));
         Volts := UInt32  ((Float (Raw) / 4096.0) * 3000.0);   -- 4096 ADC = 3000 mV
         Pressure := UInt32 ((Float (Volts) / 3000.0) * 255.0);   -- 3000 mV = 255 mmHg
         Pressure_total := UInt32 (float (Pressure) - 8.0);   -- 3000 mV = 255 mmHg
         Print (0, 0, Pressure_total, " mmHg"); -- print blood pressure
         delay until Clock + Milliseconds (100); -- delay to the next step

      end if;
   end loop;

end Digital_Blood_Pressure_Monitor;

digital_blood_pressure_monitor.gpr

ADA
Project developed with GNAT Programming Studio
with "../../../../../boards/stm32f429_discovery/stm32f429_discovery_full.gpr";

project Digital_Blood_Pressure_Monitor extends "../../../../../examples/shared/common/common.gpr" is
    for Source_Dirs use ("src");
    for Object_Dir use "obj" & STM32F429_Discovery_Full.Build;
    for Main use ("digital_blood_pressure_monitor.adb");
    for Languages use ("Ada");
    for Runtime ("Ada") use STM32F429_Discovery_Full'Runtime("Ada");
    for Create_Missing_Dirs use "true";
    package Builder is
       for Global_Configuration_Pragmas use "gnat.adc";
    end Builder;
    package Compiler renames STM32F429_Discovery_Full.Compiler;	
end Digital_Blood_Pressure_Monitor;

pressure_sensor

Arduino
This code must be uploaded to the ESP32-WROOM-32 board
#include<Wire.h>
#include <SparkFun_MicroPressure.h>
SparkFun_MicroPressure mpr; // Use default values with reset and EOC pins unused

#define DAC2 26

float min_pressure = 600;

void setup() {
  // Initalize UART, I2C bus, and connect to the micropressure sensor
  Serial.begin(9600);
  Wire.begin(); 
  if(!mpr.begin())
  {
    Serial.println("Cannot connect to MicroPressure sensor.");
    while(1);
  }
}

void loop() {
  float sensor_pressure = (mpr.readPressure(INHG)*25.4);
  
  if(sensor_pressure<min_pressure){
      Serial.println("new minimum pressure");
     min_pressure=sensor_pressure;
  }

  sensor_pressure = (mpr.readPressure(INHG)*25.4);
  int pressure_total = sensor_pressure - min_pressure;

  dacWrite(DAC2, pressure_total);
  Serial.print(pressure_total);
  Serial.println(";");
  delay(200);
}

GITHUB REPOSITORY CODE

Digital Blood Pressure Monitor Code

Credits

Guillermo Perez Guillen

Guillermo Perez Guillen

57 projects • 63 followers
Electronics and Communications Engineer (ECE) & Renewable Energy: 14 prizes in Hackster / Hackaday Prize Finalist 2021-22-23

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