Maka Hernandez
Published © GPL3+

DIY IoT Project: Build a Low-Cost Smart Planter

Customized RGB smart planter connected to Ubidots platform

BeginnerFull instructions provided3,845
DIY IoT Project: Build a Low-Cost Smart Planter

Things used in this project

Hardware components

NodeMCU ESP8266 Breakout Board
NodeMCU ESP8266 Breakout Board
×1
DHT11 Temperature & Humidity Sensor (4 pins)
DHT11 Temperature & Humidity Sensor (4 pins)
×1
SparkFun Soil Moisture Sensor (with Screw Terminals)
SparkFun Soil Moisture Sensor (with Screw Terminals)
×1
High Brightness LED, White
High Brightness LED, White
×1
NeoPixel Ring: WS2812 5050 RGB LED
Adafruit NeoPixel Ring: WS2812 5050 RGB LED
12 Bytes
×1

Software apps and online services

Ubidots
Ubidots
Arduino IDE
Arduino IDE

Hand tools and fabrication machines

3D Printer (generic)
3D Printer (generic)
Soldering iron (generic)
Soldering iron (generic)

Story

Read more

Schematics

RGB Smart Planter Diagram

Code

RGB Smart Planter Code

Arduino
/*
RGB Smart Planter integrated with Ubidots for Monitoring & Control.

This code works for:

    1) Read two sensors: DHT11, and Soil Moisture.
    2) Publish sensors readings to Ubidots.
    3) Subscribe to multiple variables for remote control.

Libraries required:

- Ubidots ESP8266 MQTT - (https://github.com/ubidots/ubidots-mqtt-esp)
- Adafruit NeoPixel - (https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_NeoPixel)
- DHT - (https://github.com/adafruit/DHT-sensor-library)

Made by: Maria Hernández - IoT Developer Advocate @ Ubidots
Revision: José García - Development & Support Manager @ Ubidots

/****************************************
 * Include Libraries
 ****************************************/
#include <Adafruit_NeoPixel.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <map>
#include "DHT.h"
#include "UbidotsESPMQTT.h"

/****************************************
 * Define Pins
 ****************************************/
#define LIGHTPIN D1     // Digital pin for Led Lamp.
#define DHTPIN D5       // Digital pin for DHT sensor.
#define NEOPIXELSPIN D6 // Digital pin for NeoPixel Ring.
#define MOISTUREPIN A0  // Analog pin for Moisture Sensor.

/****************************************
 * Define Constants
 ****************************************/
#define TOKEN "BBFF-xxxxxxxxxx" // Assign your Ubidots TOKEN.
#define WIFINAME "xxxxxxxxxx"   // Assign your SSID.
#define WIFIPASS "xxxxxxxxxx"   // Assign your WiFi Password.
#define DEVICE "planter"        // Ubidots Device Label.
#define VAR_PUB_1 "temperature" // Ubidots Variables' label for publishing data.
#define VAR_PUB_2 "humidity"
#define VAR_PUB_3 "soil-moisture"
#define VAR_PUB_4 "heat-index"
#define VAR_SUB_1 "light-1" // Ubidots Variables' label for subscribing to data; \
                            // These variables have to be created at Ubidots.
#define VAR_SUB_2 "light-2"
#define NUMPIXELS 12 // 12 bit NeoPixel Ring
// Uncomment whatever type you're using
#define DHTTYPE DHT11 // DHT 11
//#define DHTTYPE DHT22   // DHT 22  (AM2302), AM2321
//#define DHTTYPE DHT21   // DHT 21 (AM2301)

typedef enum
{
  red,
  green,
  blue,
  yellow,
  white,
  black
} NeoPixelColor;

//   R,   G,   B
uint8_t myColors[][6] = {{250, 0, 0},                             // Red.
                         {0, 255, 0},                             // Green.
                         {0, 0, 255},                             // Blue.
                         {255, 255, 0},                           // Yellow.
                         {255, 255, 255},                         // White.
                         {0, 0, 0}};                              // Black.
const uint8_t numberOfVariables = 2;                              // Number of variables for subscription.
char *variableLabels[numberOfVariables] = {VAR_SUB_1, VAR_SUB_2}; // Variables' label for subscription.
float value;                                                      // Store incoming value.
int lastValue;
bool bottomLight;                         // flag to control conditions for the bottom light.
unsigned long initTime;                   // Store the init time.
const long SECONDS_TO_RECONNECT = 180000; // Period to reconnect MQTT connection.

// Comparison functor to map functions.
struct cmp_str
{
  bool operator()(char const *a, char const *b) const
  {
    return strcmp(a, b) < 0;
  }
};

// Map function declaration.
typedef std::function<void()> FunctionType;
typedef std::map<const char *, FunctionType, cmp_str> mapTopicSubscription;

/****************************************
 * Define Instances
 ****************************************/
Ubidots client(TOKEN);
Adafruit_NeoPixel pixels(NUMPIXELS, NEOPIXELSPIN, NEO_GRB + NEO_KHZ800);
DHT dht(DHTPIN, DHTTYPE);
mapTopicSubscription ubiSubTopic;

/****************************************
 * Main Functions
 ****************************************/
void setup()
{
  initTime = millis(); // Save the init time
  Serial.begin(115200);
  pinMode(LIGHTPIN, OUTPUT); // Declare pin mode
  // Defines the mapped functions to handle the subscription event.
  ubiSubTopic[VAR_SUB_1] = &subscriptionHandler1;
  ubiSubTopic[VAR_SUB_2] = &subscriptionHandler2;
  client.ubidotsSetBroker("industrial.api.ubidots.com"); // Sets the broker properly for the
                                                         // business account.
  client.setDebug(true);                                 // Pass a true or false bool value to activate debug messages.
  client.wifiConnection(WIFINAME, WIFIPASS);             // Establish WiFi connection.
  client.begin(callback);
  dht.begin();    // Initializes DHT sensor.
  pixels.begin(); // Initializes NeoPixel Ring.
  pixels.clear(); // Set all pixel colors to 'off'.
  // Establishes subscription with variables defined.
  client.ubidotsSubscribe(DEVICE, VAR_SUB_1);
  client.ubidotsSubscribe(DEVICE, VAR_SUB_2);
}

void loop()
{
  // Re-establishes subscription with variables defined when connection is lost or every 3 minutes.
  if (!client.connected() || abs(millis() - initTime) > SECONDS_TO_RECONNECT)
  {
    initTime = millis();
    client.reconnect();
    client.ubidotsSubscribe(DEVICE, VAR_SUB_1);
    client.ubidotsSubscribe(DEVICE, VAR_SUB_2);
  }

  client.reconnect();

  // Reading temperature, humidity and soil moisture values.a
  float humidity = dht.readHumidity();
  float temperature = dht.readTemperature();
  int soilMoisture = analogRead(MOISTUREPIN);
  // Compute heat index in Celsius (isFahreheit = false).
  float heatIndexC = dht.computeHeatIndex(temperature, humidity, false);

  // Check if any reads failed and exit early (to try again).
  if (isnan(humidity) || isnan(temperature))
  {
    Serial.println(F("Failed to read from DHT sensor!"));
  }

  // Controls NeoPixel's colors based on the temperature values.
  if (bottomLight)
  {
    if (inRange(temperature, 0, 16))
      colorWipe(blue, 50);
    if (inRange(temperature, 16, 21))
      colorWipe(green, 50);
    if (inRange(temperature, 21, 26))
      colorWipe(yellow, 50);
    if (inRange(temperature, 26, 40))
      colorWipe(red, 50);
  }

  // Adds variables to be published to Ubidots.
  client.add(VAR_PUB_1, temperature);
  client.add(VAR_PUB_2, humidity);
  client.add(VAR_PUB_3, soilMoisture);
  client.add(VAR_PUB_4, heatIndexC);

  // Publishes all variables added into the device defined.
  client.ubidotsPublish(DEVICE);
  client.loop();

  delay(1000);
}

/****************************************
 * Subscription Functions
 ****************************************/

// Function to be executed when var_sub_1 change its status.
void subscriptionHandler1()
{
  if (value == 1)
  {
    Serial.println("Planter Lamp turned ON.");
    digitalWrite(LIGHTPIN, HIGH);
  }
  else
  {
    Serial.println("Planter Lamp turned OFF.");
    digitalWrite(LIGHTPIN, LOW);
  }
};

// Function to be executed when var_sub_2 change its status.
void subscriptionHandler2()
{
  if (value != lastValue)
  {
    if (value == 1)
    {
      Serial.println("Planter bottom light turned ON.");
      for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
      {
        colorWipe(red, 50);
        colorWipe(green, 50);
        colorWipe(blue, 50);
      };
      colorWipe(white, 200);
      bottomLight = true;
    }
    else
    {
      Serial.println("Planter bottom light turned OFF.");
      colorWipe(white, 50);
      colorWipe(black, 200);
      bottomLight = false;
    }
  }
  lastValue = value;
};

/****************************************
 * Auxiliar Functions
 ****************************************/
// Return an int with the length of a char
int strLen(char *s)
{
  int l = 0;
  while (*s != '\0')
  {
    s++;
    l++;
  }
  return (l);
}

// Callback to handle subscription
void callback(char *topic, byte *payload, unsigned int length)
{
  char *variableLabel = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char) * 30);
  getVariableLabelTopic(topic, variableLabel); // Saves the variable label.
  value = btof(payload, length);               // Saves the value of the variable subscribed.
  executeCases(variableLabel);                 // Executes the function handler for the
                                               // variable subscribed.
  free(variableLabel);                         // Free memory.
}

// Parse the topic received to extract the variable label.
void getVariableLabelTopic(char *topic, char *variableLabel)
{
  sprintf(variableLabel, "");
  for (int i = 0; i < numberOfVariables; i++)
  {
    char *resultLv = strstr(topic, variableLabels[i]);
    if (resultLv != NULL)
    {
      uint8_t len = strlen(resultLv);
      char result[100];
      uint8_t i = 0;
      for (i = 0; i < len - 3; i++)
      {
        result[i] = resultLv[i];
      }
      result[i] = '\0';
      snprintf(variableLabel, strLen(result) + 1, "%s", result);
      break;
    }
  }
}

// Cast from an array of chars to float value.
float btof(byte *payload, unsigned int length)
{
  char *demo_ = (char *)malloc(sizeof(char) * 10);
  for (int i = 0; i < length; i++)
  {
    demo_[i] = payload[i];
  }
  return atof(demo_);
}

// Executes the respective "Subscription Function" based on the value received.
void executeCases(char *variableLabel)
{
  if (ubiSubTopic.find(variableLabel) != ubiSubTopic.end())
  {
    mapTopicSubscription::iterator i = ubiSubTopic.find(variableLabel);
    (i->second)();
  }
}

// Fills NeoPixel ring pixels one after another with color.
void colorWipe(NeoPixelColor color, int wait)
{
  int r, g, b;

  r = myColors[color][0];
  g = myColors[color][1];
  b = myColors[color][2];

  for (int i = 0; i < pixels.numPixels(); i++)
  {
    pixels.setPixelColor(i, r, g, b);
    pixels.show();
    delay(wait);
  }
}

// Verifies if the value received is in the expected range
bool inRange(float x, int low, int high)
{
  return ((x - low) > 0 && (high - x) >= 0);
}

RGB Smart Planter Code

Credits

Maka Hernandez

Maka Hernandez

29 projects • 124 followers

Comments

Related channels and tags
  • Adafruit
  • Espressif
  • NodeMCU
  • SparkFun
  • Ubidots