Assemble the Circuit

Published February 13, 2025 © LGPL

Water Level Monitoring System

Monitor water levels accurately with an ultrasonic sensor and Arduino. Real-time data displayed on an LCD. Easy to install and operate

BeginnerFull instructions provided364

Things used in this project

Hardware components

Ultrasonic Sensor - HC-SR04 (Generic)

Arduino 101

Adafruit RGB Backlight LCD - 16x2

PCBWay Stencil

Contact, SolderTacts

Software apps and online services

Arduino IDE

Story

This project implements a water level monitoring system using an ultrasonic sensor. It accurately measures the water level in a tank and displays the information on an LCD screen. The system is powered by an Arduino microcontroller and is designed for easy installation and operation. The addition of a PCB ensures neat and reliable wiring, enhancing the overall performance and durability of the project.

The motivation behind creating this project was to develop a user-friendly and efficient method for monitoring water levels. Accurate water level measurement is essential in various applications, from domestic water tanks to industrial storage systems. By using a PCB for wiring, we aimed to create a robust and professional-looking system that is easy to install and maintain. This project also serves as an educational tool, demonstrating the practical use of ultrasonic sensors and Arduino in real-world applications.

The system operates by using an ultrasonic sensor to emit sound waves towards the water surface and measure the time it takes for the waves to bounce back. By knowing the speed of sound in the air, the Arduino calculates the distance to the water surface. Using the tank depth information, it then computes the water level and displays it on the LCD screen.

Assemble the Circuit

1.Connect the Ultrasonic Sensor:

Connect the VCC pin of the sensor to the 5V pin on the Arduino.
connect the GND pin of the sensor to the GND pin on the Arduino.
Connect the Trig pin of the sensor to digital pin 6 on the Arduino.
Connect the Echo pin of the sensor to digital pin 7 on the Arduino.

2.Connect the LCD

Screen:

Follow the pin configuration for your specific LCD model. Typically, you connect the RS, E, D4, D5, D6, and D7 pins to appropriate digital pins on the Arduino.

Connect the VCC and GND pins of the LCD to the 5V and GND pins on the Arduino.

3.Power Supply:

Connect the 1.5V batteries in series to create a 6V power supply and connect it to the Arduino's Vin and GND pins.

4.PCB Assembly:

If you have a PCB like I do, mount all the components onto it and solder the cables using a soldering iron.

Schematics

Code

Code

#include <Wire.h>  // Include the Wire library for I2C communication
#include <LiquidCrystal_I2C.h>  // Include the LiquidCrystal_I2C library for I2C LCD communication
#define trigPin 6
#define echoPin 7
LiquidCrystal_I2C lcd(0x27, 20, 4);  // Set the LCD address to 0x27 for a 16x2 display
void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  pinMode(trigPin, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(echoPin, INPUT);
  lcd.init();  // Initialize the LCD
  lcd.backlight();  // Turn on the backlight
}
void loop() {
  digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
  delayMicroseconds(2);
  digitalWrite(trigPin, HIGH);
  delayMicroseconds(10);
  digitalWrite(trigPin, LOW);
  long duration = pulseIn(echoPin, HIGH);
  float distance = duration * 0.034 / 2;   
  
  float tankHeight = 73.0;  // Set the height of the tank in cm
  float waterLevel = tankHeight - distance;  // Calculate the water level
  if (waterLevel < 0) {
    waterLevel = 0;  // Prevent negative water level values
  }
 // float waterLevelPercent = (waterLevel / tankHeight) * 100.0;  // Convert water level to percentage
  lcd.clear();  // Clear the LCD
  lcd.setCursor(0, 0);  // Set the cursor to the first column of the first row
  lcd.print("Water Level:");  // Print the header
  lcd.setCursor(0, 1);  // Set the cursor to the first column of the second row
  lcd.print(waterLevel, 2);  // Print the water level in centimeter
  delay(1000);
}

Credits

pat

13 projects • 4 followers

AI Convergence Engineering, Software Engineering, ML, deep learning, image processing, computer vision, circuit design, and Edge AI devices.

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