UPDATE: The printing was fairly light with my 9v 1500ma wall wart. I just tried powering it with a 9v 3a adapter and the printing is now very dark and really perfect. Also fyi you can buy this exact same printer on eBay for half the price Adafruit is charging. Adafruit has notoriously bad tech support so no real advantage in buying from them.
ORIGINAL REVIEW: I'm using this with an Arduino Mega. There are all kinds of options available in Adafruit's library such as printing bold, wide, bar codes, and graphics -- but I'm just logging data, and simply sending commands such as Serial2.println(formattedString); and it works perfectly without the library.
You only need four wires! Power and ground: I'm using a 9v 1500ma wall wart; and serial TX and ground from the Arduino. You don't need to even use RX on the Arduino unless you want to receive error messages.
I bought a box of 50 rolls of 2.25"x50' thermal paper here on Amazon and it's perfect.
The printer comes with a couple of Y-shaped clips that will hold the printer to the front of a panel should you want to mount it. The wires come out the bottom of the printer so it's a little awkward to just set it on a table - I'm going to re-route the connectors out the back instead of the bottom.
Also, although the Adafruit tutorial seems to say that you must use software serial, I'm just using one of the four built-in serial ports on my Mega. You only need software serial if your Arduino doesn't have any more hardware serial ports to spare.