Solar Panel Dual Management System (SP DMS)

/*
 Interface to Shinyei Model PPD42NS Particle Sensor
 Program by Christopher Nafis 
 Written April 2012
 
 http://www.seeedstudio.com/depot/grove-dust-sensor-p-1050.html
 http://www.sca-shinyei.com/pdf/PPD42NS.pdf
 
 JST Pin 1 (Black Wire)  => Arduino GND
 JST Pin 3 (Red wire)    => Arduino 5VDC
 JST Pin 4 (Yellow wire) => Arduino Digital Pin 8
 */

int pin = 2;
unsigned long duration;
unsigned long starttime;
unsigned long sampletime_ms = 30000;
unsigned long lowpulseoccupancy = 0;
float ratio = 0;
float concentration = 0;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  pinMode(2,INPUT);
  starttime = millis();
}

void loop() {
  duration = pulseIn(pin, LOW);
  lowpulseoccupancy = lowpulseoccupancy+duration;

  if ((millis()-starttime) > sampletime_ms)
  {
    ratio = lowpulseoccupancy/(sampletime_ms*10.0);  // Integer percentage 0=>100
    concentration = 1.1*pow(ratio,3)-3.8*pow(ratio,2)+520*ratio+0.62; // using spec sheet curve
    Serial.print(lowpulseoccupancy);
    Serial.print(",");
    Serial.print(ratio);
    Serial.print(",");
    Serial.println(concentration);
    lowpulseoccupancy = 0;
    starttime = millis();
  }
}

uint32_t analogPin = A0;   
uint32_t value = 0;

float vout = 0.0;
float vin = 0.0;
float R1 = 470000.0;// resistance of R1 (470k) 
float R2 = 47000.0; // resistance of R2 (47K) 

void setup()
{
   Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop()
{
    // read the value at analog input
    value = analogRead(analogPin);
    Serial.print("Analog Value =");
    Serial.println(value);
    vout = (value * 5.0) / 1024.0;
    vin = vout*(R1+R2)/R2; 
    Serial.print("Voltage =");
    Serial.println(vin);
    delay(2000);
}

uint32_t analogPin = A2;   
uint32_t value = 0;

float vout = 0.0;
float vin = 0.0;
float R1 = 470000.0; // resistance of R1 (470k) 
float R2 = 47000.0; // resistance of R2 (47K) 

void setup()
{
   Serial.begin(9600);
}
void loop()
{
    float avgVolt=0,clb;
    // read the value at analog input
    for(int i=0;i<100;i++){
      value = analogRead(analogPin);
      vout = (value * 5.0) / 1024.0;
      vin = vout*(R1+R2)/R2; 
      clb=vin*0.767;
      vin=vin+clb;
      avgVolt=avgVolt+vin;
    }
    avgVolt=avgVolt/100.0;
    Serial.print("Voltage =");
    Serial.println(avgVolt,1);
    
}

//Code to measure current AC/DC using ACS712 sensor module(5A model)
// the setup routine runs once when you press reset:
void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);    // initialize serial communication at 9600 bits per second:
}

// the loop routine runs over and over again forever:
void loop() {
float average = 0;
for(int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
average = average + (.0264 * analogRead(A0)-13.51);
delay(1);
}
Serial.print(average);
Serial.println("mA");
}

uint32_t value = 0;

float vout = 0.0;
float vin = 0.0;
float R1 = 470000.0; // resistance of R1 (470k) 
float R2 = 47000.0; // resistance of R2 (47K) 

// the setup routine runs once when you press reset:
void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);    // initialize serial communication at 9600 bits per second:
}

// the loop routine runs over and over again forever:
void loop() {
    float avgCurrent = 0,avgVolt=0,clb;
// read the value at analog input A0(Current)
    for(int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
      avgCurrent = avgCurrent + (.0264 * analogRead(A0)-13.51);
      delay(1);
    }
    Serial.print("  Current =");
    Serial.print(avgCurrent);
    Serial.print("mA");
// read the value at analog input A2(Voltage)
    for(int i=0;i<100;i++){
      value = analogRead(A2);
      vout = (value * 5.0) / 1024.0;
      vin = vout*(R1+R2)/R2; 
      clb=vin*0.767;
      vin=vin+clb;
      avgVolt=avgVolt+vin;
    }
    avgVolt=avgVolt/100.0;
    Serial.print("\tVoltage =");
    Serial.println(avgVolt,1);
}

#include <Wire.h>      //library to establised I2C communication between LinkIt One and Grove - 3-Axis Digital Accelerometer(16g)
#include <ADXL345.h>  //This library of ADXL345 used extract data read by sensor in various forms

//Accelerometer variables
ADXL345 adxl; //variable adxl is an instance of the ADXL345 library

//variables to store the initial state of device after installation when power on 
int x_initial,y_initial,z_initial;
double xyz_initial[3];
double ax_initial,ay_initial,az_initial;

//variables for Voltage reading
uint32_t Volt_value = 0;
float vout = 0.0;
float vin = 0.0;
float R1 = 470000.0; // resistance of R1 (470k) 
float R2 = 47000.0; // resistance of R2 (47K) 

//variables for Dust Sensor
int pin = 2;
unsigned long duration;
unsigned long starttime;
unsigned long sampletime_ms = 30000;
unsigned long lowpulseoccupancy = 0;
float ratio = 0;
float concentration = 0;

//Function to Store initial axis value of x,y & z for comparision  
void axis_initialization(){  
  adxl.readXYZ(&x_initial, &y_initial, &z_initial); //read the accelerometer values and store them in variables  x_initial,y_initial,z_initial
  adxl.getAcceleration(xyz_initial);
  ax_initial = xyz_initial[0];
  ay_initial = xyz_initial[1];
  az_initial = xyz_initial[2];
  delay(500);
 }

//To compare initial values with current reading of x,y & z values for theft protection
int compareResult(){
  //Boring accelerometer stuff   
  int x,y,z,Xchange,Ychange,Zchange;  
  adxl.readXYZ(&x, &y, &z); //read the accelerometer values and store them in variables  x,y,z
  // Output x,y,z values 
  double xyz[3];
  double ax,ay,az;
  adxl.getAcceleration(xyz);
  ax = xyz[0];
  ay = xyz[1];
  az = xyz[2];

  if((int)ax!=(int)ax_initial){
      Xchange=1;   
  } 
  else {
      Xchange=0;
  }

  if((int)ay!=(int)ay_initial){
      Ychange=1;   
  } 
  else {
      Ychange=0;
  }

  if((int)az!=(int)az_initial){
      Zchange=1;   
  } 
  else {
      Zchange=0;
  }
  
  if((Xchange==1)||(Ychange==1)||(Zchange==1)){
    return 1;
  }
  else return 0;
}

void DustCal(){
    duration = pulseIn(pin, LOW);
    lowpulseoccupancy = lowpulseoccupancy+duration;
  
    if ((millis()-starttime) > sampletime_ms)
    {
      ratio = lowpulseoccupancy/(sampletime_ms*10.0);  // Integer percentage 0=>100
      concentration = 1.1*pow(ratio,3)-3.8*pow(ratio,2)+520*ratio+0.62; // using spec sheet curve
      Serial.print("  lowpulseoccupancy: ");
      Serial.print(lowpulseoccupancy);
      Serial.print(",");
      Serial.print("ratio: ");
      Serial.print(ratio);
      Serial.print(",");
      Serial.print("concentration: ");
      Serial.println(concentration);
      lowpulseoccupancy = 0;
      starttime = millis();
    } 
    Serial.println();
  }
  
void setup(){
  Serial.begin(9600);
  adxl.powerOn();
  axis_initialization();
  pinMode(2,INPUT);
  starttime = millis();
}

void loop(){
  int unauthorised_activity=0;
  unauthorised_activity=compareResult();
  
  if(unauthorised_activity==1){
    Serial.println("There is unauthorised activity...");
    }
   else {
      float avgCurrent = 0,avgVolt=0,clb=0;
      
      // read the value at analog input A0(Current)
      for(int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
        avgCurrent = avgCurrent + (.0264 * analogRead(A0)-13.51);
        delay(1);
      }
      Serial.print("  Current =");
      Serial.print(avgCurrent);
      Serial.print("mA");
      // read the value at analog input A2(Voltage)
      for(int i=0;i<100;i++){
        Volt_value = analogRead(A2);
        vout = (Volt_value * 5.0) / 1024.0;
        vin = vout*(R1+R2)/R2; 
        clb=vin*0.767;
        vin=vin+clb;
        avgVolt=avgVolt+vin;
      }
      avgVolt=avgVolt/100.0;
      Serial.print("\tVoltage =");
      Serial.print(avgVolt,1);
      Serial.print("V");
      Serial.print("\tPower =");
      Serial.print((avgCurrent/1000.0)*avgVolt);
      Serial.println("W");
      
      DustCal();
      
    }  
 delay(500);
}

/********************************************************************************************************************************************/
/*  Here LinkIt ONE reads the value of sensors and updates data on Ubidots webserver                                                        */
/*  During normal operation when no theft occurs LinkIt ONE sends the value of curren,voltage,dust sensor and battery value only            */
/*  Once there is unauthorized activity happens then there is change in accelerometer value and sense by LinkIt,                            */
/*  After this LinkIt ONE sends the GPS location and Battery value to server and alert is indicated by email                                */
/********************************************************************************************************************************************/
#include <LGPS.h>         // LinkIt GPS Library
#include <LBattery.h>     // Want to be able to read the battery charge level
#include <LGPRS.h>        //include the base GPRS library
#include <LGPRSClient.h>  //include the ability to Post and Get information using HTTP
#include <Wire.h>         //library to establised I2C communication between LinkIt One and Grove - 3-Axis Digital Accelerometer(16g)
#include <ADXL345.h>      //This library of ADXL345 used extract data read by sensor in various forms

// These are the variables you will want to change based on your IOT data streaming account / provider
#define URL     "things.ubidots.com"                                                    
#define TOKEN   "MuIKgAEIYR4AxCeaWEpsPAxKHmopskmGxM1k45mPrgeQSS0pZuKrXXi0zhse"   //replace with your Ubidots token generated in your profile tab
#define voltID  ""       //create a Voltage sensor variable in Ubidots and put its ID here   
#define ampsID  ""       //create a Current sensor variable in Ubidots and put its ID here  
#define dustID  ""       //create a Dust sensor variable in Ubidots and put its ID here 
#define alertID ""       //create a Alert variable in Ubidots and put its ID here 
#define batID   ""       //create a Battery variable in Ubidots and put its ID here 

// Create instantiations of the GPRS and GPS functions
LGPRSClient globalClient;    // See this support topic from Mediatek - http://labs.mediatek.com/forums/posts/list/75.page
gpsSentenceInfoStruct info;  // instantiate
String Location = "";        //variable to GPS location latitude and longitude in string form

//Create instantiations of the ADXL345 Accelerometer function
ADXL345 adxl;                //variable adxl is an instance of the ADXL345 library

//variables to store the initial state of device after installation when power on 
int x_initial,y_initial,z_initial;
double xyz_initial[3];
double ax_initial,ay_initial,az_initial;


//variables for Voltage and current reading
uint32_t Volt_value = 0;
float vout = 0.0;
float vin = 0.0;
float R1 = 470000.0;                   // resistance of R1 (470k) 
float R2 = 47000.0;                    // resistance of R2 (47K)
float avgCurrent = 0,avgVolt=0,clb=0; 


//variables for Dust Sensor
int pin = 2;
unsigned long duration;
unsigned long starttime;
unsigned long sampletime_ms = 30000;
unsigned long lowpulseoccupancy = 0;
float ratio = 0;
float concentration = 0;

//function to send data of sensors on webserver 
void deviceLocation_data(int alert){         //alert 0 means uploading current,voltage, dust sensor and battery value; alert 1 means uploading GPS location and battery value  
   String value = String(LBattery.level());  //calculating the level of battery 
   String payload;                           //Variable to collect all sensor data for data upload on Webserver
   String le;                                //length of the payload in characters
  if(alert==1){                              //enters when there is theft 
      LGPS.getData(&info);                   // Get a GPS fix
      if (ParseLocation((const char*)info.GPGGA)) {    // This is where we break out needed location information
        Serial.print("Location is: ");
        Serial.println(Location);                      // This is the format needed by Ubidots
      }
      if (Location.length()==0) {                      //enters when no GPS location available otherwise execute else case
        payload = "[{\"variable\":\"" alertID "\",\"value\":" + String(alert) + "},{\"variable\":\"" batID "\",\"value\":"+ value + "}]";  //Build the JSON packet without GPS info// with GPS info
      }
      else {
        payload = "[{\"variable\":\"" alertID "\",\"value\":" + String(alert) + "},{\"variable\":\"" batID "\",\"value\":"+ value + ", \"context\":"+ Location + "}]"; //Build the JSON packet with GPS info 
      }
      
   }
   else {
      payload = "[{\"variable\":\"" ampsID "\",\"value\":"+ String(avgCurrent)+"},{\"variable\":\"" voltID "\",\"value\":" + String(avgVolt) + "},{\"variable\":\"" dustID "\",\"value\":" + String(concentration) + "},{\"variable\":\"" alertID "\",\"value\":" + String(alert) + "},{\"variable\":\"" batID "\",\"value\":"+ value + "}]";
    }                                                                    
  le = String(payload.length());      //this is to calcule the length of payload 
  
  // if you get a connection, report back via serial:
  Serial.print("Connect to ");
  Serial.println(URL);
  if (globalClient.connect(URL, 80)){
    // Build HTTP POST request
    Serial.println("connected");    
    globalClient.print(F("POST /api/v1.6/collections/values/?token="));
    globalClient.print(TOKEN);
    globalClient.println(F(" HTTP/1.1"));
    globalClient.println(F("Content-Type: application/json"));
    globalClient.print(F("Content-Length: "));
    globalClient.println(le);
    globalClient.print(F("Host: "));
    globalClient.println(URL);
    globalClient.println(); 
    globalClient.println(payload); 
    globalClient.println();
    globalClient.println((char)26);   //This terminates the JSON SEND with a carriage return 
  }
  else{
    // if you didn't get a connection to the server:
    Serial.println("connection failed");
  }
  delay(100);
  
  // if there are incoming bytes available
  // from the server, read them and print them:
  if (globalClient.available()){
    char c = globalClient.read();
    Serial.print(c);
  }

  // if the server's disconnected, stop the globalClient:
  if (!globalClient.available() && !globalClient.connected()){
    Serial.println();
    Serial.println("disconnecting.");
    globalClient.stop();
  }
  
}

boolean ParseLocation(const char* GPGGAstr){
// Refer to http://www.gpsinformation.org/dale/nmea.htm#GGA
// Sample data: $GPGGA,123519,4807.038,N,01131.000,E,1,08,0.9,545.4,M,46.9,M,,*47

  char latarray[6];
  char longarray[6];
  int index = 0;
  Serial.println(GPGGAstr);
  Serial.print("Fix Quality: ");
  Serial.println(GPGGAstr[43]);
  
  if (GPGGAstr[43]=='0') {         //  This is the place in the sentence that shows Fix Quality 0 means no fix
    Serial.println("No GPS Fix");
    Location = "";                 // No fix then no Location string
    return 0;
  }
  
  String GPSstring = String(GPGGAstr);
  for (int i=20; i<=26; i++) {         // We have to jump through some hoops here
    latarray[index] = GPGGAstr[i];     // we need to pick out the minutes from the char array
    index++;
  }
  
  float latdms = atof(latarray);               // and convert them to a float
  float lattitude = latdms/60;                 // and convert that to decimal degrees
  String lattstring = String(lattitude);       // Then put back into a string
  Location = "{\"lat\":";
  if(GPGGAstr[28] == 'S') Location = Location + "-";
  Location += GPSstring.substring(18,20) + "." + lattstring.substring(2,4);
  index = 0;
  
  for (int i=33; i<=38; i++) {           // And do the same thing for longitude
    longarray[index] = GPGGAstr[i];      // the good news is that the GPS data is fixed column
    index++;
  }
  float longdms = atof(longarray);       // and convert them to a float
  float longitude = longdms/60;          // and convert that to decimal degrees
  String longstring = String(longitude); // Then put back into a string
  Location += " ,\"lng\":";
  
  if(GPGGAstr[41] == 'W') Location = Location + "-";
  if(GPGGAstr[30] == '0') {
    Location = Location + GPSstring.substring(31,33) + "." + longstring.substring(2,4) + "}";
  }
  else {
    Location = Location + GPSstring.substring(30,33) + "." + longstring.substring(2,4) + "}";
  }
  return 1;
}

//Function to Store initial axis value of x,y & z for comparision  
void axisInitialization(){  
  adxl.readXYZ(&x_initial, &y_initial, &z_initial);   //read the accelerometer values and store them in variables  x_initial,y_initial,z_initial
  adxl.getAcceleration(xyz_initial);
  ax_initial = xyz_initial[0];
  ay_initial = xyz_initial[1];
  az_initial = xyz_initial[2];
  delay(500);
 }

//To compare initial values with current reading of x,y & z axis values for theft protection
int compareResult(){
  //Boring accelerometer stuff   
  int x,y,z,Xchange,Ychange,Zchange;  
  adxl.readXYZ(&x, &y, &z);         //read the accelerometer values and store them in variables  x,y,z
  // Output x,y,z values 
  double xyz[3];
  double ax,ay,az;
  adxl.getAcceleration(xyz);
  ax = xyz[0];
  ay = xyz[1];
  az = xyz[2];

  if((int)ax!=(int)ax_initial){
      Xchange=1;   
  } 
  else {
      Xchange=0;
  }

  if((int)ay!=(int)ay_initial){
      Ychange=1;   
  } 
  else {
      Ychange=0;
  }

  if((int)az!=(int)az_initial){
      Zchange=1;   
  } 
  else {
      Zchange=0;
  }
  
  if((Xchange==1)||(Ychange==1)||(Zchange==1)){
    return 1;
  }
  else return 0;
}

//Function to calculate voltage, current and power of Solar Panel for Efficieny test
void powerCal(){
      avgCurrent = 0,avgVolt=0,clb=0;
      // read the value at analog input A0(Current)
      for(int i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
        avgCurrent = avgCurrent + (.0264 * analogRead(A0)-13.51);
        delay(1);
      }
      Serial.print("  Current =");
      Serial.print(avgCurrent);
      Serial.print("mA");
      // read the value at analog input A2(Voltage)
      for(int i=0;i<100;i++){
        Volt_value = analogRead(A2);
        vout = (Volt_value * 5.0) / 1024.0;
        vin = vout*(R1+R2)/R2; 
        clb=vin*0.767;
        vin=vin+clb;
        avgVolt=avgVolt+vin;
      }
      avgVolt=avgVolt/100.0;
      Serial.print("\tVoltage =");
      Serial.print(avgVolt,1);
      Serial.print("V");
      Serial.print("\tPower =");
      Serial.print((avgCurrent/1000.0)*avgVolt);                        //Computing power
      Serial.println("W");    
  }

//Function for calculating the dust concentration level 
void dustCal(){
    duration = pulseIn(pin, LOW);                                       //reads the duration or total of low pulse on pin
    lowpulseoccupancy = lowpulseoccupancy+duration;
  
    if ((millis()-starttime) > sampletime_ms)
    {
      ratio = lowpulseoccupancy/(sampletime_ms*10.0);                   // Integer percentage 0=>100
      concentration = 1.1*pow(ratio,3)-3.8*pow(ratio,2)+520*ratio+0.62; // using spec sheet curve
      Serial.print("  lowpulseoccupancy: ");
      Serial.print(lowpulseoccupancy);
      Serial.print(",");
      Serial.print("ratio: ");
      Serial.print(ratio);
      Serial.print(",");
      Serial.print("concentration: ");
      Serial.println(concentration);
      lowpulseoccupancy = 0;
      starttime = millis();
    } 
    Serial.println();
  }

//runs only once when power on or reset
void setup(){
  Serial.begin(9600);                                  // setup Serial port
  
  LGPS.powerOn();                                      // Start the GPS first as it takes time to get a fix
  Serial.println("GPS Powered on, and waiting ...");
  Serial.println("Attach to GPRS network");            // Attach to GPRS network - need to add timeout
  while (!LGPRS.attachGPRS("","","")) {                //attachGPRS(const char *apn, const char *username, const char *password);
    delay(500);
  }
  LGPRSClient client;                                  //Client has to be initiated after GPRS is established with the correct APN settings - see above link
  globalClient = client;                               // Again this is a temporary solution described in support forums
  delay(1000);
  deviceLocation(0);                                   //Sending device location first time during installation and passing 0 means no theft 
  
  delay(3000);                                         //setup time so when power on no error in storing initial axis value of panel 
  adxl.powerOn();                                      //making adxl acceleromter on
  axisInitialization();                                //calling function to store the intial installed axis of system 
  
  pinMode(2,INPUT);                                    //Initializing digital pin 2 as input for reading dust sensor value
  starttime = millis();                                //Returns the number of milliseconds since the LinIt ONE board began running the current program  
}

//forever loop code 
void loop(){
  int unauth_activity=0;
  unauth_activity= compareResult();                         //Function to check or compare the axis value of panel for any change 
  
  if(unauth_activity==1){
      Serial.println("There is unauthorised activity...");
      deviceLocation_data(1);                               //Function for sending device location with battery level for tracing and passing 1, which is alert indication of theft
      delay(100);  
    }
   else {
      powerCal();               //calling function for calculating voltage, current and power provided by solar panel
      dustCal();                //calling function for calculating deposition of dust concentration on panel
      deviceLocation_data(0);   //Function for sending sensor data for Maintenance Indication or monitoring of Solar panel for Efficiency check and passing 0 means normal acitvity 
    }  
 delay(500);
}