Home Automation using Raspberry Pi and Nodejs

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Version 1.0

Quick preview of what I did until now:

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The Story

Well, I moved to a new apartment. Right at this time, I had heard many things about the popularity of the IoT and the whole home automation stuff. So I thought, why not create a Web application to control my devices at home.

Why a web application?

I had to decide if I want to write my app with C# or with a Web language. I was really intrested to make a real time application, so I decided to develop my app with NodeJs.

First things first

Before starting the project, let me explain the basics first.

I will use the Raspberry Pi as a master device, which can be controlled via the Browser/Internet. For each device and room, that I want to control, I use another Raspberry or Arduino as slave. The slaves will take command form the master via WiFi or via 433mHz. I will explain this better later in this project.

Device and Room

The Raspberry Pi that is configured as a slave will take some command from the master via some curl commands. How does this work? Well I configured my Raspberry Pi (slave) as webserver and on the webserver I host some PHP files. Now, if I open those file via the browser or via an curl command, the Raspberry Pi opens the PHP file and run automatically a Skript with commands.

Now, considering room scenario, an Raspberry Pi and Arduino will control devices and reads sensor data. Periodically, each room will have multiple controllable devices (i.e. Light(s), Fan, Wall Socket(s), Coffee machine, etc.), one PassiveIR (to detect human presence in the room), one temperature sensor (LM35 to collect room temperature) and LDR (to detect light intensity near room window).

Device Address Mapping

To identify my devices i will give each device a solid IP Adress and for each command a PHP file.

For example:

Coffemachine = IPADDRESS/espresso.php
Coffemachine = IPADDRESS/Doppio.php
Plant        = IPADDRESS/whaterOnAll.php
Lights       = IPADDRESS/LightID/RoomName/ON
Lights       = IPADDRESS/LightID/RoomName/OFF

Note: I have also some Hue lights witch will be controlled via Hue API.

Hue Lights       = IPADDRESS/api/{User-ID}/StateAndComands/Value

Basics of relays

The main problem with the Relais is, if you have a device that is connected to the relay, and the relay is set to off, you can't use the device anymore obviously. So the wall switch for the lights gets useless.

To resolve this problem you can either use a DPST relay or use a transistor. I will explain this later again. This is how I did it:

Install NodeJS and Setup the Raspberry

//Requirements
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install xrdp -y
sudo apt-get install git-core git scons build-essential scons libpcre++-dev libboost-dev libboost-program-options-dev libboost-thread-dev libboost-filesystem-dev -y
//Install NodeJS
wget http://nodejs.org/dist/v6.3.0/node-v6.3.0.tar.gz
tar -zxf node-v6.3.0.tar.gz
cd node-v6.3.0
./configure
make
sudo make install
sudo sh install-node.sh
node --version
npm ---version
sudo node 
// others
Sudo apt-get install apache2 -y
Sudo apt-get install proftpd -y   

Configure NodeJS

/* First App with nodeJS by Weslley De Souza*/
/* Variables and Requires */var express = require("express")
, app = express()
, http = require("http").createServer(app)
, bodyParser = require("body-parser")
, io = require("socket.io").listen(http)
, _ = require("underscore");
app.locals.moment = require('moment');
var datetime = require('node-datetime');
var raspi = require('raspi-llio');            //Comment out, to run on Windows PC
/* Server config *///Server's IP address
app.set("ipaddr", "192.168.0.53");
//Server's port number 
app.set("port", 8080);
//Specify the views folder
app.set("views", __dirname + "/views");
//View engine is Jade
//app.set("view engine", "jade");       //If you want to code with Jade remove the "//"
//Specify where the static content is
app.use(express.static("public", __dirname + "/public"));
//Tells server to support JSON requests
app.use(bodyParser.json());
/* Server routing */
//Handle route "GET /", as in "http://localhost:8080/"
app.get("/", function(request, response) {
//Render the view called "index"  response.render("index");
});
/* Socket.IO events */
io.on("connection", function(socket){
console.log('Client has connectet to the server');
});
//Event on disconet (Is not working)
io.on("disconnect", function(socket){
console.log('Client has disconnectet !');
});
//Output IP & Port
http.listen(app.get("port"), app.get("ipaddr"), function() {
console.log("Server wurd gestartet und ist unter http://" + app.get("ipaddr") + ":" + app.get("port") + " erreichbar");
});

Scheme of how NodeJs communicates with the other devices:

I don't know the command to send some curl command directly from NodeJs, so I made a little loop script that checks the value of the GPIO pins. So if I write with NodeJs the GPIO pin 1 to value 1, the script run a command for GPIO 1.

For example: if ($pin1 == 1){ curl -s 192.168.0.60/espresso.php}

Configure the devices

All Raspberry Pi slaves will be connect via Wireless, and the Wlan Power Saving will be set to Off!

sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces
//add line:
wireless-power off
sudo nano /etc/modprobe.d/8192cu.conf
//add line
options 8192cu rtw_power_mgnt=0 rtw_enusbss=0

Espresso Machine

Example how to set up a Device to control it. I had at home a Pixie Coffee machine so I used that for my project.

How to wire

Wire the Relay to the Raspberry. Script example for Doppio:

pi@192.168.0.60's
#!/bin/bash
echo "Doppio"
gpio export 4 in
gpio export 13 in
echo "Machine is on"
#Warming up machine 
gpio export 3 out
gpio -g write 3 1
sleep 34
echo " Machine is ready"
gpio export 4 out
gpio -g write 4 1
sleep 11.5
gpio -g write 4 0
sleep 0.5
gpio -g write 4 1
sleep 10
gpio -g write 4 0
sleep 0.5
gpio -g write 4 1
sleep 10.9
echo "Doppio serviert"
gpio -g write 4 0
gpio export 4 in
sleep 1
echo "Machine is off"
gpio -g write 3 0

Lights Hue API

Server site code example:

//------------------------------Connect to Hue Light -------------------------------//var hue = require("node-hue-api"),
HueApi = hue.HueApi,
lightState = hue.lightState;
var displayResult = function(result) {
console.log(result);
};
var displayError = function(err) {
console.error(err);
};
var displayStatus = function(status) {
console.log(JSON.stringify(status, null, 1));
};
var host = "192.168.0.50",
username = "UAW718bnyTbHknwnu1JvGlokRbGoAVIVFxDwG**",
api = new HueApi(host, username),
state = lightState.create();
// Return Hue Online State
io.sockets.on('connection', function (socket) {
socket.on('HUElights', function (connections) {
console.log("Hue Online");
})
//--------------------------Toogle Light on Off-----------------------------//
//Name of Button function = DayNight //
io.sockets.on('connection', function (socket) {
socket.on('DayNight', function(DayNight){
console.log(DayNight);
if (DayNight == false) {
    io.sockets.emit('DayNightFalse');
}
else{
    io.sockets.emit('DayNightTrue');
    api.setLightState(1, state.off())
        .done();
    setTimeout(function () {
        api.setLightState(2, state.off())
            .done();
    },5000)
    setTimeout(function () {
        api.setLightState(3, state.off())
            .done();
    },10000)
}
});
});
//------------------Button Light SLEEPROOM ----------------------------//   
socket.on('LightOben', function (LightOben) {
console.log(LightOben);
if(LightOben == 1){
    api.setLightState(3, state.on())
        .done();
    io.sockets.emit('LightObenTrue');
}
else {
    api.setLightState(3, state.off())
        .done();
    io.sockets.emit('LightObenFalse');
}
})
//----------------------Button Light All------------------------    
socket.on('LightAll', function (lightAll) {
console.log(lightAll);
if (lightAll == true) {
    api.setLightState(3, state.on())
    api.setLightState(2, state.on())
    api.setLightState(1, state.on())
        .done();
    io.sockets.emit('LightAllTrue');
}
else {
    api.setLightState(3, state.off())
    api.setLightState(2, state.off())
    api.setLightState(1, state.off())
        .done();
    io.sockets.emit('LightAllFalse');
}
})
});

Http site code:

//------------------Light Event----CheckBox Sun Moon -------------------------------//
function daynight(id) {
var SunMoon = document.getElementById(id).checked;
socket.emit('DayNight', SunMoon);
}
socket.on('DayNightFalse', function (DayNight) {
console.log("False");
    $('#toggle--daynight').prop('checked', false);
});
socket.on('DayNightTrue', function () {
console.log("True");
$('#toggle--daynight').prop('checked', true);
$('#toogle-modus').css({'opacity': 0.2}, 1000);
setTimeout(function () {
    $('#toggle--daynight').prop('checked', false);
    $('#toogle-modus').removeClass("hidden-here");
    $('#toogle-modus').css({'opacity': 0.7}, 1000);
}, 800)
});
//---------------------------BUTTON------------------------------------------//
function lightOben() {
var LightOben = $('input[name="LightOben"]:checked').length;
console.log(LightOben)
socket.emit('LightOben', LightOben);
}
socket.on('LightObenFalse', function (LightOben) {
console.log("LightOben False");
$('input[name="LightOben"]').prop('checked', false);
document.getElementById('foo').jscolor.hide();
});
socket.on('LightObenTrue', function (LightOben) {
console.log("LightOben True");
$('input[name="LightOben"]').prop('checked', true);
document.getElementById('foo').jscolor.show();
});
//----------------------------------------------------//
function lightAll(id) {
var LightAll = document.getElementById(id).checked;
console.log(LightAll)
socket.emit('LightAll', LightAll);
}
socket.on('LightAllFalse', function (LightAll) {
console.log("Light All False");
$('#LightAll').prop('checked', false);
});
socket.on('LightAllTrue', function (LightAll) {
console.log("Light All True");
$('#LightAll').prop('checked', true);
});

API for the Train information

Server site:

io.sockets.on('connection', function (socket) {
socket.on('SBB', function (connections) {
console.log("Zug- Verbindungen");
//Erste Verbinndung     var Abfahrt0 = (connections.connections[0].from.departure).toString().substr(11,5)
var Von0 = (connections.connections[0].from.location.name).toString(1, 8);
var Gleis0 =(connections.connections[0].from.platform);
var Ankunft0=(connections.connections[0].to.arrival.toString().substr(11,5))
//Zweite Verbindung     var Abfahrt1 = (connections.connections[1].from.departure).toString().substr(11,5)
var Von1 = (connections.connections[1].from.location.name).toString(1, 8);
var Gleis1 =(connections.connections[1].from.platform);
var Ankunft1=(connections.connections[1].to.arrival.toString().substr(11,5))
//Zweite Verbindung     var Abfahrt2 = (connections.connections[2].from.departure).toString().substr(11,5)
var Von2 = (connections.connections[2].from.location.name).toString(1, 8);
var Gleis2 =(connections.connections[2].from.platform);
var Ankunft2=(connections.connections[2].to.arrival.toString().substr(11,5))
//Zweite Verbindung     var Abfahrt3 = (connections.connections[3].from.departure).toString().substr(11,5)
var Von3 = (connections.connections[3].from.location.name).toString(1, 8);
var Gleis3 =(connections.connections[3].from.platform);
var Ankunft3=(connections.connections[3].to.arrival.toString().substr(11,5))
switch(Gleis0) {
 case "":
   Gleis0="Tram";
   break;
 default:
   Gleis0=(connections.connections[0].from.platform);
}
switch(Gleis1) {
 case "":
   Gleis1="Tram";
   break;
 default:
   Gleis1=(connections.connections[1].from.platform);
}
switch(Gleis2) {
 case "":
   Gleis2="Tram";
   break;
 default:
   Gleis2=(connections.connections[2].from.platform);
}
switch(Gleis3) {
 case "":
   Gleis3="Tram";
   break;
 default:
   Gleis3=(connections.connections[3].from.platform);
}
/*   Erste Verbinndung   */     socket.emit('SBBZEIT0', Abfahrt0);
socket.emit('SBBGLEIS0', Gleis0);
socket.emit('SBBANKUNFT0', Ankunft0);
socket.emit('SBBZEIT1', Abfahrt1);
socket.emit('SBBGLEIS1', Gleis1);
socket.emit('SBBANKUNFT1', Ankunft1);
socket.emit('SBBZEIT2', Abfahrt2);
socket.emit('SBBGLEIS2', Gleis2);
socket.emit('SBBANKUNFT2', Ankunft2);
socket.emit('SBBZEIT3', Abfahrt3);
socket.emit('SBBGLEIS3', Gleis3);
socket.emit('SBBANKUNFT3', Ankunft3);

Http Site:

<!--------------------------- Train Information ------------------------------------>   <div id="transit" style="cursor: pointer">
 <main id="main-train">
    <!--  <input style="display: none !important;" placeholder="Suchen" x-webkit-speech autocomplete="off"  /> -->
      <div class="tabelle-Zug">
          <table>
              <thead>
              <tr>
                  <th scope="col">Gleis</th>
                  <th scope="col">Zeit</th>
                  <th scope="col">Ankunft</th>
                  <th scope="col">Verspätung</th>
              </tr>
              </thead>
              <tbody>
          <tr>
              <td scope="row" data-label="Account"> <span id="SbbGleis0">    Laden..</span></td>
              <td data-label="Amount">              <span id="SbbZeit0">     Laden.. </span></td>
              <td>                                   <span id="SbbAnkunft0"> Laden..</span> </td>
              <td>                                   <span id=""></span> </td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
              <td scope="row" data-label="Account"> <span id="SbbGleis1">    Laden..</span></td>
              <td data-label="Amount">              <span id="SbbZeit1">     Laden.. </span></td>
              <td>                                   <span id="SbbAnkunft1"> Laden..</span> </td>
              <td>                                   <span id="."></span> </td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
              <td scope="row" data-label="Account"> <span id="SbbGleis2">    Laden..</span></td>
              <td data-label="Amount">              <span id="SbbZeit2">     Laden.. </span></td>
              <td>                                   <span id="SbbAnkunft2"> Laden..</span> </td>
              <td>                                   <span id=".."></span> </td>
          </tr>
          <tr>
              <td scope="row" data-label="Account"> <span id="SbbGleis3">    Laden..</span></td>
              <td data-label="Amount">              <span id="SbbZeit3">     Laden.. </span></td>
              <td>                                   <span id="SbbAnkunft3"> Laden..</span> </td>
              <td>                                   <span id="..."></span> </td>
          </tr>
              </tbody>
              </table>
  </div>
  </main>
</div>
/* Javascript SBB */
<script type="text/javascript">
var socket = io('http://192.168.0.53:8080');
function onload() {
// ------------------------------------- SBB------------------------------------//        $.getJSON('http://transport.opendata.ch/v1/connections?from=europaplatz+bern&to=bern', function (connections) {
      socket.emit('SBB', connections);
      console.log(connections.connections[0].from.platform);
  });
  //
  socket.on('SBBZEIT0',   function      (data)  {document.getElementById    ("SbbZeit0").innerHTML = data;});
  socket.on('SBBGLEIS0',  function     (data)  {document.getElementById    ("SbbGleis0").innerHTML = data;});
  socket.on('SBBANKUNFT0',function   (data)  {document.getElementById    ("SbbAnkunft0").innerHTML = data;});
  socket.on('SBBZEIT1',   function      (data)  {document.getElementById    ("SbbZeit1").innerHTML = data;});
  socket.on('SBBGLEIS1',  function     (data)  {document.getElementById    ("SbbGleis1").innerHTML = data;});
  socket.on('SBBANKUNFT1',function   (data)  {document.getElementById    ("SbbAnkunft1").innerHTML = data;});
  socket.on('SBBZEIT2',       function      (data)  {document.getElementById    ("SbbZeit2").innerHTML = data;});
  socket.on('SBBGLEIS2',      function     (data)  {document.getElementById    ("SbbGleis2").innerHTML = data;});
  socket.on('SBBANKUNFT2',    function   (data)  {document.getElementById    ("SbbAnkunft2").innerHTML = data;});
  socket.on('SBBZEIT2', function      (data)  {document.getElementById    ("SbbZeit2").innerHTML = data;});
  socket.on('SBBGLEIS2', function     (data)  {document.getElementById    ("SbbGleis2").innerHTML = data;});
  socket.on('SBBANKUNFT2', function   (data)  {document.getElementById    ("SbbAnkunft2").innerHTML = data;});
  socket.on('SBBZEIT3', function      (data)  {document.getElementById    ("SbbZeit3").innerHTML = data;});
  socket.on('SBBGLEIS3', function     (data)  {document.getElementById    ("SbbGleis3").innerHTML = data;});
  socket.on('SBBANKUNFT3', function   (data)  {document.getElementById    ("SbbAnkunft3").innerHTML = data;});
  socket.on('SBBZEIT4', function      (data)  {document.getElementById    ("SbbZeit4").innerHTML = data;});
  socket.on('SBBGLEIS4', function     (data)  {document.getElementById    ("SbbGleis4").innerHTML = data;});
  socket.on('SBBANKUNFT4', function   (data)  {document.getElementById    ("SbbAnkunft4").innerHTML = data;});
}