Improving Sleep Quality by Controlling Environmental Factors

Y J A

•

Jin Yan De

•

Krittitee “TeRRa” Chatsomsanga

•

jincheng

Published February 15, 2025

Sleep-aid Device (SaD)

This project aims to develop a solution to increase the amount of sleep people get.

BeginnerShowcase (no instructions)115

Things used in this project

Hardware components

M5Stack FIRE IoT Development Kit (PSRAM 2.0)

M5Stack Light Unit with Photo-resistance

M5Stack ENV III Unit with Temperature Humidity Air Pressure Sensor (SHT30+QMP6988)

M5Stack Mini Angle Unit Potentiometer Inside

SG90 Micro-servo motor

M5Stack PbHUB Unit

M5Stack I2C Hub 1 to 6 Expansion TCA9548A Module

Software apps and online services

Qubitro

Hand tools and fabrication machines

Scissor, Electrician

Story

Improving Sleep Quality by Controlling Environmental Factors

Overview:

This project focuses on enhancing sleep quality by addressing environmental factors such as light, temperature, and humidity. By utilizing sensors and the microcontroller(M5Stack), we aim to monitor and control these parameters in real-time and automatically, ensuring optimal conditions for restful sleep.Research:

The reason we made this project was due to the staggering data about poor sleep quality within Singapore.

Facts:

Singaporeans experience one of the worst rates of healthy sleep in Asian countries.Singaporeans average 6.8 hours of sleep per night, with 27% achieving the recommended seven or more hours.

Singapore has been identified as one of the most sleep-deprived countries globally, with only one in four individuals getting more than seven hours of sleep daily.Contrasting to this, countries like India report higher percentages of citizens sleeping more than the recommended amount.Why would this happen?The main factors are as follows:

Light Exposure:

Exposure to light, especially blue light, suppresses melatonin production, disrupting sleep patterns.
Managing light exposure in the bedroom, such as using blackout curtains or sleep masks, can enhance melatonin production and improve sleep quality.

Temperature:

The optimal bedroom temperature for sleep is around 18°C. Temperatures outside this range can cause restlessness and disrupt sleep.
Studies have shown that temperature is a primary factor affecting sleep quality, with environments set at 20°C and 55% relative humidity positively influencing sleep both subjectively and objectively.

Humidity:

Excessive humidity can lead to discomfort and disrupt sleep by causing excessive sweating and promoting the growth of allergens like mold and dust mites.
Maintaining a relative humidity between 40% and 60% is generally conducive to better sleep quality.

So, how do we solve this?

Project Solution - Components:

ENV II Sensor - Measures temperature and humidity
Angle Unit - Adjustment of temperature
Light Sensor - Detects light levels
Servor Motor - Movement of the curtain
pAHub - Connection of components
pBHub - Connection of components

Description:

The ENV II Sensor connects to the M5Stack via the pAHub, which then sends this data(digital) to the M5Stack. At this point, the M5Stack now acts as a hub to connect to "Qubitro". "Qubitro" is a website to display temperature. Using Wi-Fi connection, the data is able to be transferred and shown to the user wirelessly without the need of being face-to-face with the microcontroller. Then, when the user wants to adjust the temperature to their liking, they are able to use the Angle Unit to "adjust" the temeperature. Additionally, the display will give them a UI on whether they are increasing/decreasing the temperature. Furthermore, the servor motor in tandem with the light sensor will move the curtain attatched to the motor automatically with the data of the light sensor. The user may also press a button on the M5Stack to open the curtain manually.

1 / 2 • Full view of all components.

Flowcharts:

1 / 4

Slides & Demo

from m5stack import *
from m5ui import *
from uiflow import *
import wifiCfg
import time
from m5mqtt import M5mqtt
import json

import unit

setScreenColor(0x222222)
servo_0 = unit.get(unit.SERVO, unit.PORTB)
pbhub_1 = unit.get(unit.PBHUB, unit.PAHUB1)
env2_0 = unit.get(unit.ENV2, unit.PAHUB0)


Curtain = None
Default = None

wifiCfg.doConnect('', '')

Temperature = M5TextBox(10, 40, "Temperature   :", lcd.FONT_DejaVu24, 0xFFFFFF, rotate=0)
Temperature_num = M5TextBox(217, 45, "Text", lcd.FONT_DejaVu18, 0xFFFFFF, rotate=0)
Light = M5TextBox(10, 78, "Light               :", lcd.FONT_DejaVu24, 0xffffff, rotate=0)
Light_num = M5TextBox(218, 83, "Text", lcd.FONT_DejaVu18, 0xFFFFFF, rotate=0)
low = M5Img(110, 116, "res/low.jpg", True)
med = M5Img(110, 116, "res/med.jpg", True)
high = M5Img(110, 116, "res/high.jpg", True)
label0 = M5TextBox(12, 10, "Text", lcd.FONT_Default, 0xFFFFFF, rotate=0)



def buttonA_wasPressed():
  global Curtain, Default
  if Curtain == 1:
    servo_0.write_angle(180)
    wait(0.5)
    servo_0.write_angle(150)
    wait(0.5)
    servo_0.write_angle(120)
    wait(0.5)
    servo_0.write_angle(90)
    wait(0.5)
    servo_0.write_angle(60)
    wait(0.5)
    servo_0.write_angle(30)
    wait(0.5)
    servo_0.write_angle(0)
    wait(0.5)
    Curtain = 0
  pass
btnA.wasPressed(buttonA_wasPressed)


if wifiCfg.wlan_sta.isconnected():
  label0.setText('Connected')
  m5mqtt = M5mqtt('9402493f-2545-4879-abc6-6ef9fb9257aa', 'broker.qubitro.com', 1883, '9402493f-2545-4879-abc6-6ef9fb9257aa', '1738566147726002426692ebf82c94d4843a63b15fd1216629a62034500647639e81bd76e7c2925096fe47833d58176e3d2', 60)
  m5mqtt.start()
  Curtain = 0
  while True:
    m5mqtt.publish(str('9402493f-2545-4879-abc6-6ef9fb9257aa'), str((json.dumps(({'Light value':int((pbhub_1.analogRead(1))),'Temperature':(env2_0.temperature)})))), 0)
    wait(1)
    if int((pbhub_1.analogRead(1))) <= 150:
      Light_num.setText('High')
      high.show()
    elif int((pbhub_1.analogRead(1))) <= 450:
      Light_num.setText('Medium')
      med.show()
    else:
      Light_num.setText('Low')
      low.show()
    Temperature_num.setText(str(env2_0.temperature))
    if int((pbhub_1.analogRead(1))) <= 450 and Curtain == 0:
      wait(0.5)
      servo_0.write_angle(0)
      wait(0.5)
      servo_0.write_angle(30)
      wait(0.5)
      servo_0.write_angle(60)
      wait(0.5)
      servo_0.write_angle(90)
      wait(0.5)
      servo_0.write_angle(120)
      wait(0.5)
      servo_0.write_angle(150)
      wait(0.5)
      servo_0.write_angle(180)
      wait(0.5)
      Curtain = 1
    wait_ms(2)

from m5stack import *
from m5ui import *
from uiflow import *
import unit

setScreenColor(0x222222)
angle_0 = unit.get(unit.ANGLE, unit.PORTB)






Name = M5TextBox(50, 38, "Temperature Adjuster", lcd.FONT_DejaVu18, 0xFFFFFF, rotate=0)
increase = M5TextBox(30, 161, "Increasing temperature...", lcd.FONT_DejaVu18, 0xff0000, rotate=0)
decrease = M5TextBox(27, 180, "Decreasing temperature...", lcd.FONT_DejaVu18, 0x00c0ff, rotate=0)
temp_cold = M5Img(110, 60, "res/coolTemp.png", True)
temp_hot = M5Img(110, 60, "res/Hightemp.png", True)
DefaultText1 = M5TextBox(69, 224, "Turn right to increase temp", lcd.FONT_Default, 0xff0000, rotate=0)
DefaultText2 = M5TextBox(71, 200, "Turn left to decrease temp", lcd.FONT_Default, 0x00c0ff, rotate=0)


increase.hide()
decrease.hide()
temp_hot.hide()
temp_cold.hide()
while True:
  if int((angle_0.read())) > 660:
    increase.show()
    decrease.hide()
    temp_hot.show()
    temp_cold.hide()
    DefaultText1.hide()
    DefaultText2.hide()
  elif int((angle_0.read())) < 580:
    decrease.show()
    increase.hide()
    temp_cold.show()
    temp_hot.hide()
    DefaultText1.hide()
    DefaultText2.hide()
  elif int((angle_0.read())) >= 580 and int((angle_0.read())) <= 660:
    DefaultText1.show()
    DefaultText2.show()
    temp_cold.hide()
    temp_hot.hide()
    increase.hide()
    decrease.hide()
  wait_ms(2)

Credits

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Sleep-aid Device (SaD)