Smart Drainage Using IOT

Components
Components Details () {
Solderless Breadboard x 2,
Arduino UNO R3 Board,
NodeMCU ESP8266,
MQ-4 Methane Gas Sensor,
Carbon Monoxide Gas Sensor MQ-7,
MQ136 Gas Sensor for Hydrogen Sulfide,
Heart Beat Sensor,
SIM800L V2.0 5V Wireless GSM GPRS MODULE,
Male to Male, Male to Female, Female to Female Jumper Wires,
5V 1A adaptor,

}

If you want this project code and Full Hardware 
Contact number   : "+91 8217878840" 
WhatsApp number  : "+91 8217878840"
Gmail id         : "embeddedtechet@gmail.com"

INTRODUCTION:

Sewage maintenance is important to keep the city clean, safe, and healthy. The process of cleaning the drainage system from manholes is a difficult job for anyone, but these people are forced to do this just to earn money for their families. In India, every year hundreds of sewage workers die because of health-related diseases. So, drainage must be properly monitored and maintained. In 2013, the Supreme Court of India made a decision that jobs like this would be done by machines, and whenever human intervention is needed, necessary safety equipment should be given to them. However, due to political interference and poor diplomacy, the distribution of the safety equipment program is not efficiently implemented. So Cleaning and manual monitoring of drainage is necessary. This system helps to avoid many accidental deaths that occur by inhaling the toxic gases in the manholes.

The problem that the worker has to face while cleaning the sewage is falls, fire, oxygen depletion, toxic gases, etc. From the above problems, we must give high attention to the toxic gases, which lead to serious health problems like hepatitis and typhoid, and don’t get any early caution if the amount of these gases rise rapidly. sometimes it may lead to human death.

Harmful gases including methane (CH4), carbon monoxide (CO), ammonia (NH3), and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) are generated while cleaning the sewage. Asphyxiated gases like methane replace oxygen easily and get trapped in confined spaces. Most of these hazardous gases react with oxygen and deplete the oxygen concentration in the sewer. H2S is highly toxic and is a silent threat. In petroleum, wastewater management, and natural gas industry H2S is the reason for many toxic exposures. It will lead to serious health problems depending on its exposure duration and concentration. An H2S sensor that senses the level and toxicity of H2S is used. When the manhole cover is removed for cleaning, these hazardous gases affect the people standing nearer to it. Usually, the chamber /manhole is left open for some time before entering into it.

The objective of their paper is to develop a device that detects the presence of these toxic gases within a minute and generates a red glow at various levels. If any of the gas reaches its target limit it gives an alert through led. A pulse oximetry sensor is fixed on the worker's hand before the cleaning operation. Based on the heartbeat sensor the alert system gives a buzzer signal and gains the attention of the outside workers. Arduino is used as the controller board and it has a large number of features that make it suitable for a wide array of applications.

The wireless sensor network can be implemented cost-effectively in large amounts of applications like agriculture, health care, robotics, and environmental monitoring. WSN is employed here and the entire sensed data will be collectively stored in the cloud and all the data will be accessible in real-time for continuous monitoring. GSM is one of the technologies that are used in a wide range of applications today. GSM module is used to send an alert message to the concerned authority. This system has an emergency button that works if the electronics fail.

Its pin connections are :

• Power pin ( 5V, GND)

• MQ - 136 sensor output is connected to analog pin A0.

• MQ - 4 sensor output is connected to analog pin A1.

• MQ -7 sensor output is connected to analog pin A2.

• Connect the Tx terminal of Arduino to the RX terminal of ESP8266.