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Stephen Harrison
Published

Get your Sigfox on with Tinamous

Learn how to connect your Sigfox device to Tinamous to enable visualisation, notifications and dashboards for your Sigfox devices.

BeginnerProtip1 hour1,080
Get your Sigfox on with Tinamous

Things used in this project

Hardware components

Android MKR Fox 1200
×1

Software apps and online services

Tinamous
Sigfox
Sigfox

Story

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Code

Sigfox System Monitor

Arduino
Example code, see my Sigfox System Monitor for actual usage
// Arduino Low Power - Version: Latest 
#include <ArduinoLowPower.h>

// Arduino SigFox for MKRFox1200 - Version: Latest 
#include <SigFox.h>

#include <Wire.h>
#include <Adafruit_INA219.h>

#include "conversions.h"

Adafruit_INA219 ina219;

bool fet1State = false;
bool fet2State = false;
bool fet3State = false;
bool outputRelay = false;
bool chargeRelay = false;
bool oshLed = false;

int loopCounter  =0;
bool debug = true;

typedef struct __attribute__ ((packed)) sigfox_message {
  uint8_t status;     // status::uint:8 -> Split to 8 bits
  uint8_t version;    // version::uint:8
  int16_t temperature; // temperature::int:16:little-endian
  int16_t current;    // current::int:16:little-endian
  uint16_t voltage;   // voltage::uint:16:little-endian
  int16_t currentOffCharge;   // currentOffCharge::int:16:little-endian
  uint16_t voltageOffCharge;   // voltageOffCharge::uint:16:little-endian
} SigfoxMessage;

// stub for message which will be sent
SigfoxMessage msg;

void setup() {
  pinMode(0, OUTPUT); // led
  pinMode(1, OUTPUT); // Fet1
  pinMode(2, OUTPUT); // Fet2
  pinMode(3, OUTPUT); // Fet3
  pinMode(4, OUTPUT); // charge relay FIN
  pinMode(5, OUTPUT); // charge relay RIN
  pinMode(6, OUTPUT); // output relay FIN
  pinMode(7, OUTPUT); // output relay RIN
  
  setFetOutput(1, fet1State);
  setFetOutput(2, fet2State);
  setFetOutput(3, fet3State);
  // On to indicate in setup
  setOshLed(true);
  
  // Intialize the relays to off
  // whilst in set-up
  setChargeRelay(false, true);
  setOutputRelay(false, true);
  
  //Initialize serial and wait for port to open:
  if (debug) {
    Serial.begin(9600);
  }
     
  // Initialize the INA219.
  // By default to (32V, 2A).  
  ina219.begin();
 
  setupSigfox();  

  if (debug) {
    Serial.println("System Monitor Setup Complete... V0.0.4");
  }
  
  // turn off the OSH Led now set-up is complete.
  setOshLed(false);
}

void setupSigfox() {
  if (!SigFox.begin()) {
    Serial.println("Shield error or not present!");
    return;
  }
  
  // Enable debug led and disable automatic deep sleep
  // Comment this line when shipping your project :)
  if (debug) {
    SigFox.debug();
  }

  // Output the ID and PAC needed to register the 
  // device at the Sigfox backend.
  String version = SigFox.SigVersion();
  String ID = SigFox.ID();
  String PAC = SigFox.PAC();

  // Display module informations
  Serial.println("MKRFox1200 Sigfox first configuration");
  Serial.println("SigFox FW version " + version);
  Serial.println("ID  = " + ID);
  Serial.println("PAC = " + PAC);

  Serial.println("");

  Serial.print("Module temperature: ");
  Serial.println(SigFox.internalTemperature());

  Serial.println("Register your board on https://backend.sigfox.com/activate with provided ID and PAC");

  delay(100);

  // Send the module to the deepest sleep
  SigFox.end();
}

void loop(void) 
{ 
  float shuntvoltage = 0;
  float busvoltage = 0;
  float current_mA = 0;
  float loadvoltage = 0;
  
  // V and I when not charging
  // to give an idea of the state of the battery
  float current_off_charge_mA = 0;
  float busvoltage_off_charge = 0;
 
  // Ensure output relay and charge relay are on by default
  // now that we're monitoring.
  setOutputRelay(true, false);
  setChargeRelay(true, false);
     
  // Flip the LED to show we're doing stuff.
  setOshLed(true);

  // Meaure normal running voltage/current.
  shuntvoltage = ina219.getShuntVoltage_mV();
  busvoltage = ina219.getBusVoltage_V();
  current_mA = ina219.getCurrent_mA();
  loadvoltage = busvoltage + (shuntvoltage / 1000);
    
  if (debug) {    
    Serial.println("-------------------------------------------------------------------");
    Serial.println("Charger connected: ");    
    Serial.print("Bus Voltage:   "); Serial.print(busvoltage); Serial.println(" V");
    Serial.print("Current:       "); Serial.print(current_mA); Serial.println(" mA");
    Serial.println("");
        
    Serial.print("Loop counter:  "); Serial.print(loopCounter); Serial.println("");
    Serial.println("");
  }
          
  // Flip the LED to show we're doing stuff.
  setOshLed(false);
       
  // 6 (loops) * 10s (delay) gives approx 1 minute 
  // so send an update to Sigfox rather than (when debugging)
  // having to wait the full 15 minutes for a transmission.
  if (loopCounter == 12) {

    // Once every Sigfox transmit cycle, disconnect the charger
    // to measure the raw battery voltage and actual load current
    // (otherwise load current excludes current from the charger).
    setChargeRelay(false, false);
    // Little delay to let the battery chemistry settle a little.
    delay(2000);
    current_off_charge_mA = ina219.getCurrent_mA();
    busvoltage_off_charge = ina219.getBusVoltage_V();
    setChargeRelay(true, false);  

    if (debug) {
      Serial.println("Charger disconnected: ");
      Serial.print("Charge Off Voltage:  "); Serial.print(busvoltage_off_charge); Serial.println(" V");
      Serial.print("Charge Off Current: "); Serial.print(current_off_charge_mA); Serial.println(" mA");
      Serial.println("");
    }
  
    // remove once we have the device details
    //setupSigfox();
    sendToSigfox(busvoltage, current_mA, busvoltage_off_charge, current_off_charge_mA);
  }

  // Reset the loop counter after (hopefully) 15 minutes.
  if (loopCounter > 6 * 15) {
    loopCounter = 0;
  }

  // Monitor every 10s. (2s delay in relay clickyness).
  delay(8000);
  //LowPower.sleep(8 * 1000);
  loopCounter++;
}

void setOshLed(bool state) {
  //Serial.println("Setting OSH LED");
  digitalWrite(0, state);
  oshLed = state;
}

void setOutputRelay(bool state, bool force) {
  if (debug) {    
    Serial.print("Setting output relay: ");
    Serial.println(state);
  }

  if (!force) {
    if (outputRelay == state) {
      if (debug) {    
        Serial.println("Charge relay already in correct state. Skipping.");
      }
      return;
    }
  }
  
  digitalWrite(6, state);
  digitalWrite(7, !state);
  outputRelay = state;
  
  delay(100);
  digitalWrite(6, LOW);
  digitalWrite(7, LOW);
}

void setChargeRelay(bool state, bool force) {
  if (debug) {    
    Serial.print("Setting charge relay: ");
    Serial.println(state);
  }

  if (!force) {
    if (chargeRelay == state) {
      if (debug) {    
        Serial.println("Charge relay already in correct state. Skipping.");
      }
      return;
    }
  }
  
  // FIN/RIN order swapped on charge compared to output.
  digitalWrite(5, state);
  digitalWrite(4, !state);
  chargeRelay = state;
  
  delay(100);
  digitalWrite(4, LOW);
  digitalWrite(5, LOW);
}

void setFetOutput(int fet, bool state) {
  if (debug) {    
    Serial.print("Setting FET: ");
    Serial.print(fet);
    Serial.print(" State: ");
    Serial.println(state);
  }
  
  switch (fet) {
    case 1:
      fet1State = state;
    case 2:
      fet2State = state;
    case 3:
      fet3State = state;
    default:
      // Invalid fet!
      return;
  }
  
  digitalWrite(fet, state);
}

byte getStatusFlags(float voltage, float current_mA, float current_charger_off_mA) {
  byte status = 0;
  
  // Upper Nibble (Charging/Battery)
  // Battery flat
  if (voltage < 10.5) {
    status |= 0x80; // 1000 0000
  }

  // Charger relay status
  if (chargeRelay) {
    status |= 0x40; // 0100 0000
  }

  // +ve current flow to the battery means it's charging.
  if (current_mA > 0) {
    status |= 0x20; // 0010 0000
  }

  // Not sure what this means...
  if (current_charger_off_mA > 0) {
    status |= 0x10; // 0001 0000
  }

  // Lower Nibble (Outputs)
  // Output relay enabled.
  if (outputRelay) {
    status |= 0x08; // 0000 1000
  }

  if (fet1State) {
    status |= 0x04; // 0000 0100
  }

  if (fet2State) {
    status |= 0x02; // 0000 0010
  }

  if (fet3State) {
    status |= 0x01; // 0000 0001
  }

  return status;
}

void sendToSigfox(float busvoltage, float current_mA, float busvoltage_off_charge, float current_charger_off_mA) {
  if (debug) {    
    Serial.println("**** Sending to Sigfox *****");
  }
  SigFox.begin();

  // Wait at least 30mS after first configuration (100mS before)
  delay(100);
  // Clears all pending interrupts
  SigFox.status();
  delay(1);

  // Bytes 0 and 1
  msg.status = getStatusFlags(busvoltage_off_charge, current_mA, current_charger_off_mA);
  msg.version = 3;
  
  msg.temperature = (int16_t)(SigFox.internalTemperature() * 10);
  
  // Charger connected
  // 2000mA is max for PCB (32768 max for signed int. i.e. +/-32 Amps)
  msg.current = (int16_t)(current_mA); 
  // 12.13 -> 1213 (65535 max i.e. 655 Volts)  
  msg.voltage = (uint16_t)(busvoltage * 100); 
  
  // Charger Off (Isolated).
  msg.currentOffCharge = (int16_t)(current_charger_off_mA); 
  msg.voltageOffCharge = (uint16_t)(busvoltage_off_charge * 100);

  Serial.println("Sending packet...");
  SigFox.beginPacket();
  SigFox.write((uint8_t*)&msg, 12);
  uint8_t lastMessageStatus = SigFox.endPacket();
  SigFox.end();
  
  if (debug) {    
    Serial.println("Status: " + String(lastMessageStatus));
  
    if (lastMessageStatus > 0) {
      Serial.println("No transmission");
    }  
  }
}

Credits

Stephen Harrison

Stephen Harrison

18 projects • 51 followers
Founder of Tinamous.com, software developer, hardware tinkerer, dyslexic. @TinamousSteve

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Related channels and tags
  • Android
  • Internet of Things
  • Internet of Things
  • Sigfox