Published September 19, 2020

IOT based Complete Home Automation System

Realtime lighting control, live temperature, lighting and electric cost monitoring, real time energy cost calculation and anomaly detection.

AdvancedFull instructions provided3 days5,257

IOT based Complete Home Automation System

Things used in this project

Hardware components

Bolt IoT Bolt WiFi Module

Arduino UNO

Adafruit RGB Backlight LCD - 16x2

Temperature Sensor

LDR, 5 Mohm

Relay (generic)

Bipolar (BJT) Single Transistor, Brt

Breadboard (generic)

DC motor (generic)

USB-A to Micro-USB Cable

Resistor 10k ohm

Resistor 1k ohm

Resistor 220 ohm

3.6V 0.5W Zener Diode

Jumper wires (generic)

4x4 keypad

Single Turn Potentiometer- 10k ohms

LED (generic)

Motor driver

Software apps and online services

Sublime text editor

Bolt IoT Bolt Cloud

Bolt IoT Android App

Python Programming Language

Hand tools and fabrication machines

Hot glue gun (generic)

Soldering iron (generic)

Solder Wire, Lead Free

Story

Introduction

So automation has already made our life more comfortable in the industrial sector, so why not implement and make out home a more comfortable place to live? Maybe a place where you don’t have to turn off the lights in case the room is too bright or turn on the lights when the room is too dark. Or controlling the charging of one’s phone/Electric vehicle(EV) when the battery and cost of electricity are low or filling the overhead water tank so that you don’t have to think of it continuously? Yeah in short making you, or at least myself a bit lazier.

So that is what this project tries to implement. It is a prototype for Real-time controlling of an indoor lighting system, monitoring of light temperature and electricity cost, energy calculation and monitoring and alert system in case the energy suddenly rises or the price is too high.

Check out the working and explanation in the video below. I know it is too long, like 20 minutes ugh, but unfortunately, the system is also really elaborate. You can watch it at 1.25 speed if you can follow.

Hardware:

Upload the Arduino code using the cable and connect the USB to a power bank or a port for power. Connected the USB in the diagram also in a port or power bank for power. No need to supply separate power to the bolt module.

After uploading the code check if all devices working properly including LCD, KeyPad, LDR, temperature sensor, and LED array. Don't connect heavy load in place of theLED array as it may damage the transistor. Use a MOSFET or Motor driver circuit instead. Check if serialBegin command is working properly by clicking on serial monitor tab in Arduino interface.

Next check the bolt connections, relay, micro USB, motor and SPST switch. Use spst switch instead of a sensor as mentioned in the video.

If all good run then creates a text file in the same directory as all other programs named "bolt_data.txt" and run live_data_from_bolt.py file. Check for at least 5 reading if the bolt is receiving the information correctly.

Next, create a text file named "cost.txt" and run web_scraping.py code. again check for at least 5 readings.

After that run the "live_monitoring.py" and "controlling.py" script. See if the energy graphs are good. If the electricity cost is less than 30 and the input at bolt pin 1 is +5v then the motor is should operate and the mobile should charge.

Finally, run the anomaly detection mail by updating your cat in email_conf.py file.

You can check the .fzz file as well for convinience

Schematic diagram

OUTPUTS

LCD values

The below figure shows the changes in electricity price for one day. The time below is not California time but a rather Indian standard you can subtract it by 12:30 to get the California time.

Web scraping algorithm is used to get the electricity price in real-time.

The next scrip gets the light, cost and temperature values and makes a line graph for the user to monitor. The graph is refreshed every 30 seconds as the new data is entered.

The cost of electricity is capture and displayed by the controlling script. The controlling scrip also compares the current electricity cost and marginal electricity cost and then charges the battery or fills the water tank in case the sensor reading is 1 (i.e. the EV or water tank is not full).

Z-core is calculated in the anamoly detection script using the below formulas and identify sudden increase in energy consumption.

Z-score calculation formulas

Twilio and mail gun is used to send SMS and mail alert in case the cost of electricity is very high, or there is a sudden increase in energy consumption.

The video below explains the detailed block diagram explanation of the project you can check it out in case you want to understand the project in more detail.

The only drawback of this project is that in case the machines turn against humanity you might be at a very high-risk :p

Code

from boltiot import Bolt
import time 
import json

API_KEY="xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"
DEVICE_ID="xxxxxxxxxxx"

mybolt = Bolt(API_KEY,DEVICE_ID) #Create bolt object

mybolt.serialBegin('9600')

while True:
    try:
        response = mybolt.serialRead('10') #read serial data from arduino
        print(response)
        light=json.loads(response)
        print("Average Light= "+light['value']) #display the average light
        light_temp=light['value']
        end= len(light_temp)
        comma1=light_temp.find(',') #each reading is sperated by a comma so                                          #finding the first comma
        print(comma1)
        comma2=light_temp.find(',', comma1+1, end) #finding comma 2
        print(comma2)
        comma3=light_temp.find(',', comma2+1, end) #finding comma 3
        print(comma3)
        if comma1>=0: #if a value is been send from bolt comma1 will be 1 else -1
            lightin = light_temp[0:comma1] #seperating the values
            temp = light_temp[comma1+1:comma2]
            u = light_temp[comma2+1:end]
            if comma3>=0:
                u = light_temp[comma2+1:comma3]
            print(u, temp, lightin)
            t = time.localtime() #getting current time
            current_time = time.strftime("%d:%b:%Y::%H:%M:%S",t) # saving it to                                                    #current_time in redable format
            dic = {                     #saving all the values as a dictionary
                    'light' : lightin,
                    'temperature' : temp,
                    'u' : u,
                    'sensed_date_time':current_time,
                    }
            with open('bolt_data.txt', 'w') as outfile: #Opening the pre made
                json.dump(dic, outfile)       #text file and dumping the                                                       #dictionary in it as a jason text  
        time.sleep(30)
    except:
        time.sleep(30)

import pandas as pd
import time
import json

while True:
	try:
		dfs=pd.read_html('http://oasis.caiso.com/oasisapi/prc_hub_lmp/PRC_HUB_LMP.html')     #reading the website for getting the electricity cost
		dfs1=dfs[1] #Shortlisting the actual value form other data
		val=dfs1.values.tolist()
		val0=val[0]
		val01=val0[1] #final value 
		electricity_cost=float(val01.replace('$','').replace(' ','')) #converting into redable format
		t = time.localtime() #getting current time
		current_date = time.strftime("%d:%b:%Y",t)
		current_time = time.strftime("%H:%M:%S",t)
		print(current_time, "==> ",electricity_cost,"$/MWh")

		dic = {                     #saving the values as a dictionary
		'cost' : electricity_cost,
		'cost_date':current_date,
		'cost_time':current_time,
		}
		with open('cost.txt', 'w') as outfile: # dumping the file in the already created text file in a JSON format
			json.dump(dic, outfile)
		
		time.sleep(60)
	except:          #in case some error in above script just wait for 60 seconds and the run the above script again
		time.sleep(60)

import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from matplotlib.animation import FuncAnimation
from datetime import datetime
import json

Temperature = []
Light_intensity = []
Sensed_time = []
Cost = []
def figure(i): # defining the figure

	with open ('cost.txt') as f:  #getting the values from text files
		cost_data = json.load(f)
	with open ('bolt_data.txt') as f:
		sensor_data = json.load(f)
	date_time = datetime.strptime(sensor_data['sensed_date_time'], '%d:%b:%Y::%H:%M:%S') #converting the date time from text file to machine redable format
	Cost.append(float(cost_data['cost'])) #creating list for plotting
	Temperature.append(float(sensor_data['temperature']))
	Light_intensity.append(float(sensor_data['light']))
	Sensed_time.append(date_time)
	print(sensor_data['temperature'])
	print(sensor_data['light'])
	print(cost_data['cost'])
	plt.cla() # clearing the plot
	plt.plot(Sensed_time,Temperature) # plotting the graphs
	plt.plot(Sensed_time,Light_intensity)
	plt.plot(Sensed_time,Cost)
ani = FuncAnimation(plt.gcf(), figure, interval=30000) #running the function after every 30 seconds

plt.show() #display the graph

from boltiot import Bolt
import time 
import json
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from drawnow import drawnow
from datetime import datetime


API_KEY="xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx"
DEVICE_ID="xxxxxxxxx"

mybolt = Bolt(API_KEY,DEVICE_ID) #Create bolt object

cost_margin = 38 
pump_wattage = 3000 #3KW load
EV_wattage = 10000  #10KW load
					#Indoor lighting system 250W maximum
port0 = 0
port1 = 1
total_cost = 0



plt.ion()  # enable interactivity
fig = plt.figure()  # make a figure


def make_fig():         #update fifure values to the graph
    plt.plot(time_axis, Tot_cost)  

Tot_cost = list()
time_axis = list()

while True:
	try:
		with open ('cost.txt') as f:  #getting cost data from text file
			cost_data = json.load(f)
		with open ('bolt_data.txt') as f:  #getting light, temperature, PWM(u) and date-time data from text file
			sensor_data = json.load(f)
		cost = float(cost_data['cost'])
		lighting = float(sensor_data['u'])


		if cost < cost_margin:   #checking if current electricity cost is less than marginal cost
			bat_status = 1
		else:
			bat_status = 0

		response = mybolt.digitalRead(port1) #Reading the sensor value to check if battery is chargable or not
		response = json.loads(response)
		battery_status = int(response['value'])
		print(battery_status)
		if battery_status==0:
			bat_status=0

		if bat_status==1: #battery charging along with motor turns on if sensor value = 1 and cost < cost marginal 
			print("Batery and Motor ON")
			response = mybolt.analogWrite(port0, '255')
		if bat_status==0:
			print("Batery and Motor OFF")
			response = mybolt.analogWrite(port0, '0')	

		print(response)

		cost = (cost/(1000000*60*60))	#convert to $/Wsec
		print(cost)

		total_cost = cost*30*(((pump_wattage+EV_wattage)*bat_status)+lighting) + total_cost       #Calculating the total energy consumed up till current iteration
		print(round(total_cost,5), "$")
		
		date_time = datetime.strptime(sensor_data['sensed_date_time'], '%d:%b:%Y::%H:%M:%S') #converting the date time taken from text file(JSON format) into computer understandable date time
		print(date_time)
		dic = {                           #saving values in a dictionary
				'energy_cost' : total_cost,
				'sensed_time': str(date_time),
				}
		with open('energy_cost.txt', 'w') as outfile:  #opening the pre made text file and dumping the values in it
			json.dump(dic, outfile)

		Tot_cost.append(total_cost) #appending the values in a list
		time_axis.append(date_time) 
		drawnow(make_fig) #making the real time graph

		plt.pause(30) #pausing the graph display for 30 seconds
	except:
		time.sleep(30)

import email_conf
from boltiot import Email, Bolt
from boltiot import Sms, Bolt
import json, time, math, statistics

mybolt = Bolt(email_conf.API_KEY, email_conf.DEVICE_ID)
mailer = Email(email_conf.MAILGUN_API_KEY, email_conf.SANDBOX_URL, email_conf.SENDER_EMAIL, email_conf.RECIPIENT_EMAIL)
sms = Sms(email_conf.SID, email_conf.AUTH_TOKEN, email_conf.TO_NUMBER, email_conf.FROM_NUMBER)

history_data=[]
conf=email_conf
def compute_bounds(history_data,frame_size,factor): #calculating Z-score using equations and setting high and low bounds
    if len(history_data)<frame_size :
        return None
    if len(history_data)>frame_size :
        del history_data[0:len(history_data)-frame_size]
        Mn=statistics.mean(history_data)
        Variance=0
        for data in history_data :
            Variance +=math.pow((data-Mn),2)
        Zn = factor*math.sqrt(Variance/frame_size)
        High_bound = history_data[frame_size-1]+Zn
        Low_bound = history_data[frame_size-1]-Zn
        return [High_bound,Low_bound]

while True:
    with open ('cost.txt') as f: #OPENING THE TEXT FILES AND READING THE DATA
        cost_data = json.load(f)
    with open ('bolt_data.txt') as f:
        sensor_data = json.load(f)
    with open ('energy_cost.txt') as f:
        energy_cost = json.load(f)    
    print ("Total cost is: " + str(energy_cost['energy_cost']))
    print ("Time of cost calculation: " + str(energy_cost['sensed_time']))
    
    bound = compute_bounds(history_data,conf.FRAME_SIZE,conf.MUL_FACTOR) #computing z-score
    if not bound: #if not enough data
        required_data_count = conf.FRAME_SIZE-len(history_data)
        print("Not enough data to compute z-score. Need",required_data_count,"more data ponts")
        history_data.append(float(energy_cost['energy_cost']))
        time.sleep(30)
        continue
    sensor_value = float(energy_cost['energy_cost'])
    try:
        if sensor_value > bound[0]: # enough data is present and the energy consumption increases suddenly
            print ("The energy consumption increased suddenly. Sending a mail")
            response = mailer.send_email("Alert","Sudden increase in energy consumption please monitor")  #sending a mail
            print("This is the response",response)

            print("Making request to Twilio to send a SMS")
            response = sms.send_sms("Sudden increase in energy consumption please monitor. ")  # sending an sms
            print("Response received from Twilio is: " + str(response))
            print("Status of SMS at Twilio is :" + str(response.status))


        if float(cost_data['cost']) > 50:  # if cost of electricity is more than 50$/MWh ten again send an alert
            print ("The energy cost is very high. Sending a mail")
            response = mailer.send_email("Alert","Cost is very high reduce consumption immediately")
            print("This is the response",response)

            print("Making request to Twilio to send a SMS")
            response = sms.send_sms("Cost is very high reduce consumption immediately ")
            print("Response received from Twilio is: " + str(response))
            print("Status of SMS at Twilio is :" + str(response.status))

        history_data.append(sensor_value)
    except Exception as e:
        print("Error",e)-
    time.sleep(30)

MAILGUN_API_KEY="XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX" 
SANDBOX_URL="XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX"
SENDER_EMAIL="XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX"
RECIPIENT_EMAIL="himanshugoyel05@gmail.com"
API_KEY="XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX"
DEVICE_ID="XXXXXXXXXXXXX"
FRAME_SIZE = 10  #number of readings to calculate z score
MUL_FACTOR = 3   #multiplication factor


SID = "XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX"
AUTH_TOKEN = "XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX"
FROM_NUMBER = "XXXXXXXXXXXXX"
TO_NUMBER = "+919653203388"

#include <LiquidCrystal.h>  //required libraries
#include <Keypad.h>

int rs=7, e=6, d4=5, d5=4, d6=3, d7=2;  // the arduino pins to which the LCD pins are conncected
LiquidCrystal lcd(rs, e, d4, d5, d6, d7); // initializing the LCD display

// initilizing the keypad
const byte ROWS = 4; //four rows
const byte COLS = 4; //four columns
char hexaKeys[ROWS][COLS] = {  //keypad buttons
  {'1','2','3','A'},
  {'4','5','6','B'},
  {'7','8','9','C'},
  {'*','0','#','D'}
};
// the arduino pins to which the keypad pins are connected
byte rowPins[ROWS] = {A5, A4, A3, 8}; //connect to the row pinouts of the keypad
byte colPins[COLS] = {10, 11, 12, 13}; //connect to the column pinouts of the keypad

Keypad customKeypad = Keypad( makeKeymap(hexaKeys), rowPins, colPins, ROWS, COLS); 

void setup() {
// initializing the arduino
pinMode(A0,INPUT);       //LDR
pinMode(A1,INPUT);       //Temperature sensor
                                                                                                                    
pinMode(11,OUTPUT);
pinMode(10,OUTPUT);

lcd.begin(16,2);


Serial.begin(9600); //communication baud rate of 9600
}
//initializing the variables
int temp=0;
int light=0;
int u=0;
int uavg=0;
int x;
int pin=9;
int i=0;
int lightavg=0;
int tempavg=0;
int xreq=70;
String temperory;
int xref;

void loop() {
i=i+1;
temp=analogRead(A1);  //Temperature sensor connected to PIN A1
light=analogRead(A0); //LDR voltage divider circuit connected to PIN A0

temp=(temp/2.05);


lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print("Light=");
lcd.print(light);
x=light;

char customKey = customKeypad.getKey(); //getting the keypad pressed value
if (customKey=='D'){      //initialized keypad "D" button as enter button
  xref=temperory.toInt();
  temperory="";
  }
if (customKey=='1' || customKey=='2' || customKey=='3'|| customKey=='4'|| customKey=='5'|| customKey=='6'|| customKey=='7'|| customKey=='8'|| customKey=='9'|| customKey=='0'){   //if keypad input is number then saving it to temperory and if "D" i.e enter is not pressed then merging new value with the old
    temperory += customKey;
     }

if (xref != 0 && xref <= 1000){   //if the reference value specified using keypad is not zero and less than 1000 then save the value in xreq
  xreq=xref;
}
//controlling the PWM output of the LED interfaced pin withing _-5 range of the required light intensity value xreq
if (x<=xreq-5) { //increasing the PWM output of LED control pin if the current light intensity is less than xreq-5
u=u+5;r
}
if (x>=xreq+5) {  //decreasing the PWM output of LED control pin if the current light intensity is less than xreq+5
u=u-5;
}
if (u>=250){
  u=250;
}
if (u<=0){
  u=0;
}
lcd.setCursor(9,1); //printing the values on the lcd display
lcd.print("Req=");
lcd.print(xreq);
lcd.setCursor(12,0);
lcd.print(u);
delay(150);
analogWrite(pin, u);  // controlling the pin to control the LEDs or indoor lighting system
uavg=(uavg+u)/2; // averaging the values for further sending to system
lightavg = (lightavg+light)/2;
tempavg = (tempavg+temp)/2;
if (i==200){   //sending the values to the bolt module through UART communication every 200th iteration ie every 30 seconds since 1 iteration is 0.15 seconds
  
  lcd.setCursor(0,0);
  lcd.print("              ");
  
  Serial.print(lightavg);
  Serial.print(",");
  Serial.print(tempavg);
  Serial.print(",");
  Serial.print(uavg);
  Serial.print(",;");
  
  lcd.setCursor(6,0);
  lcd.print(uavg);
  lcd.setCursor(3,0);
  lcd.print(tempavg);
  lcd.setCursor(0,0);
  lcd.print(lightavg);
  tempavg=0;
  i=0;
  lightavg=0;
    
  }
  
lcd.setCursor(12,0); //displaying the values in the LCD screen
lcd.print("   ");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);
lcd.print("                ");
}

Credits

Himanshu Goyel ee19s025

1 project • 1 follower

IOT based Complete Home Automation System

Things used in this project

Hardware components

Software apps and online services

Hand tools and fabrication machines

Story

Introduction

Hardware:

OUTPUTS

Schematics

Complete Hardware

Code

live_data_from_bolt

webscraping

live_monitoring

controlling

anomaly_mail

email_conf

Arduino

Credits

Himanshu Goyel ee19s025

Comments

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IOT based Complete Home Automation System

IOT based Complete Home Automation System

Things used in this project

Hardware components

Software apps and online services

Hand tools and fabrication machines

Story

Introduction

Hardware:

OUTPUTS

Schematics

Complete Hardware

Code

live_data_from_bolt

webscraping

live_monitoring

controlling

anomaly_mail

email_conf

Arduino

Credits

Himanshu Goyel ee19s025

Comments

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