Published September 6, 2021 © GPL3+

Cube Clock

A tiny 8x8 matrix clock that automatically rotates the display when the cube is rotated.

IntermediateFull instructions provided8 hours1,192

Things used in this project

Hardware components

Microchip ATtiny1614 Microprocessor

Real Time Clock (RTC)

DS1307 SOIC 8

CR1220 Battery and SMD holder

32.768 kHz Crystal

Tactile Switch, Top Actuated

17mm shaft with button tops

Passive Components

0805 SMD resistors - 2 x 39K, 1 x 22K, 1 x 0 ohm; 1 x 0.1uF0805 SMD capacitor; 1 x 47uF/16V 3528 Tantalum capacitor

Mercury switch

4mm diameter or smaller

LED Dot Matrix Display, Red

8x8 Red Matrix module that incorporates a MAX7219 driver IC. See description further down in text.

Software apps and online services

Arduino IDE

Hand tools and fabrication machines

3D Printer (generic)

Soldering iron (generic)

Story

Recently I stumbled across the Lexon Flip Travel Reversible LCD Alarm Clock. It got me wondering about a clock that always showed the time in the same orientation no matter what orientation the clock itself was in. I decided to use a 8x8 Matrix as the display in a case that is basically a cube.

Because a 8x8 LED matrix can't show the complete time as text, the text needs to scroll. I decided to use mercury switches to determine the orientation of the cube as they are small and relatively cheap compared to a MEMS unit (Micro Electro Mechanical System) such as the MPU-6050 6-axis accelerometer/gyroscope.

Setting the time

The clock is configured using three buttons. These are SET, UP and DOWN. The SET button will step through the following modes:

TIME/DATE

The clock can scroll just the time or both time and date. The date can be configured to display either as DMY or MDY format. The UP and DOWN buttons change between each option.

12HR/24HR

The clock supports both 12 hour and 24 hour time formats. The UP and DOWN buttons change between each option.

FONT

The clock can show the time scrolling from right to left using a 3x5 font or a 5x7 font. It can also scroll the time from bottom to top using the 5x7 font. The UP and DOWN buttons change between each option.

BRIGHTNESS

There are 8 levels of brightness. The UP and DOWN buttons change between each level. The brightness setting takes immediate effect allowing you to judge how bright you want the display.

HOURS/MINUTES

The current time is entered as a 24 hour time even if the clock is configured to display the time in 12 hour format. When the HOURS is displayed, the UP and DOWN buttons change the hours between 0 and 23. Pressing the SET button will switch to the MINUTES display. The UP and DOWN buttons change the minutes between 0 and 59. The UP and DOWN buttons have auto-repeat and the longer you hold them down, the faster the number counts up or down respectively.

Pressing the SET button again will set the time and return the display to scrolling the time.

Demonstration of the clock and setting the time

How it works

The clock uses mercury switches to determine its orientation.

Mercury switches are configured in a NW, NE, SE and SW direction

The diagram shows the configuration of the four mercury switches on the PCB. When the cube it upright, all the mercury switches are off. Turning the clock 90 degrees clockwise will turn on the NE and SW switches. Turning the clock 90 degrees clockwise again will turn on all mercury switches and finally turning the clock 90 degrees clockwise again will turn on the NW and SE switches.

From the state of the mercury switches, the orientation of the cube can be determined and the display adjusted according in the software.

Schematic

The circuit is designed around a ATtiny1614 microprocessor. It uses a DS1307 Real Time Clock to maintain the time even when the power has been disconnected. The 8x8 LED matrix is controlled by a MAX7219 LED Matrix driver module.

Schematic for the Cube Clock

MAX7219 8x8 LED Matrix module

There are many variants of MAX7219 8x8 LED Matrix modules. While they all perform in an identical manner, their pinouts differ considerably.

MAX7219 8x8 LED Matrix modules all with different pinouts

The PCB was designed to be used with the layout on the far right.

3D printing

The STL files are included. Either take these to a 3D print shop or if you have your own printer, run them through your slicing software. I used a 0.2mm layer height.

The PCB

To minimize the space required, the board has been designed to use Surface Mount Devices (SMD) where possible.

SMD components are used for most of the components

The Eagle files have been included should you wish to have the board commercially made or you can do as I did and make it yourself. I used the Toner method.

Assembly - Step 1

Start by adding the SMD components. I find it easier to use solder paste rather than use solder from a reel when soldering SMD components.

Add the links if you are using a single sided board

Add SMD components and links

Assembly - Step 2

Add the UPDI programming pin header and two Veroboard pins that the battery will be mounted on.

Add the pin header and battery posts

Assembly - Step 3

Add the mercury switches and crystal to the top side of the PCB.

Glue one of the 3D printed supports to protect the mercury switches when the display board is added.

Add the mercury switches, crystal and display support

Assembly - Step 4

Add the LED matrix module.

Glue the button tops to the buttons ensuring the glue doesn't run down the shaft and into the switch. Once dry, solder the switches to the copper side of the board. Do the middle switch first and then the outside ones.

Add Matrix module and switches

Assembly - Step 5

Glue some packing to the bottom of the SMD battery holder. Cut the Veroboard pins to the correct height and solder on the battery holder.

Solder the battery holder onto the Veroboard pins

Assembly - Step 6

You will need to cut the pins short on the DC panel socket before soldering the wires to it and fixing it to the case. There are two SMD pads on the board to solder the other end of the wires to. Make sure you get the polarity correct.

Add DC Panel socket and connect to PCB

Assembly - Step 7

The ATtiny1614 is part of the new breed of ATtiny microprocessors. Unlike the earlier series such as the ATtiny85, the new breed use the RESET pin to program the CPU. To program it you need a UPDI programmer. I made one using a Arduino Nano. You can find complete build instructions at Create Your Own UPDI Programmer. It also contains the instructions for adding the megaTinyCore boards to your IDE.

Connect UPDI programmer and upload sketch

Connect the UPDI programmer

Once the board has been installed in the IDE, select it from the Tools menu.

Select board, chip (ATtiny1614), clock speed (16MHz) and the COM port that the Arduino Nano is connected to.

The Programmer needs to be set to jtag2updi (megaTinyCore).

Open the sketch and upload it to the ATtiny1614.

Conclusion

As I was writing this project up, I realized that only two mercury switches are required. As long as they are 90 degrees to each other and 45 degrees relative to the edge of the cube, you can determine the orientation of the cube.

Schematics

Code

/**
 * ATtiny1614 Cube Clock
 * John Bradnam (jbrad2089@gmail.com)
 * 
 * 2021-09-06 - Initial Code Base
 *
 * ---------------------------------------
 * ATtiny1614 Pins mapped to Ardunio Pins
 *
 *             +--------+
 *         VCC + 1   14 + GND
 * (SS)  0 PA4 + 2   13 + PA3 10 (SCK)
 *       1 PA5 + 3   12 + PA2 9  (MISO)
 * (DAC) 2 PA6 + 4   11 + PA1 8  (MOSI)
 *       3 PA7 + 5   10 + PA0 11 (UPDI)
 * (RXD) 4 PB3 + 6    9 + PB0 7  (SCL)
 * (TXD) 5 PB2 + 7    8 + PB1 6  (SDA)
 *             +--------+
 *             
 *             
 * BOARD: ATtiny1614/1604/814/804/414/404/214/204
 * Chip: ATtiny1614
 * Clock Speed: 20MHz
 * millis()/micros(): "TCD0 (1 series only, default there)"
 * Programmer: jtag2updi (megaTinyCore)
 * ----------------------------------------
 */

#include <Wire.h>
#include <RTClib.h>

//DS1307
#define _SCL 9         //PA2
#define _SDA 8         //PA1

#include "Memory.h"
#include "Display.h"
#include "Switches.h"

enum STATES { CLOCK_TIME, SET_DATE, SET_FORMAT, SET_FONT, SET_BRIGHTNESS, SET_HOUR, SET_MINUTE };
STATES clockState = CLOCK_TIME;

#define FLASH_TIME 200          //Time in mS to flash digit being set
#define STEP_TIME 350           //Time in mS for auto increment or decrement of time

long flashTimeout = 0;          //Flash timeout when setting clock or alarm
bool flashOn = false;           //Used to flash display when setting clock or alarm
long stepTimeout = 0;           //Set time speed for auto increment or decrement of time

int lastHours = -1;             //Used to test if hour changed
int lastMinutes = -1;           //Used to test if minute changed
int lastSecs = -1;              //Used to test if second changed
int setH = 0;                   //Hour being set
int setM = 0;                   //Minute being set
bool updateTime = true;         //Force display of time

char timeBuffer[16];            //Used to create time string
char dateBuffer[16];            //Used to create date string
 
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// Hardware Setup

RTC_DS1307 rtc;

void setup() 
{
  //Eprom
  readEepromData();
  
  setupSwitches();
  setupDisplay();

  //Tell Wire handler that we are using the alternative SDA and SCL pins
  Wire.pins(PIN_PA1,PIN_PA2);       // SDA pin, SCL pin
  Wire.usePullups();                // Use pullup resistors on SDA and SCL pins
  if (!rtc.begin())
  {
    drawString("Cannot find RTC",FONT5X7);
  }
  else if (!rtc.isrunning()) 
  {
    drawString("RTC lost power",FONT5X7);
    rtc.adjust(DateTime(2021, 9, 5, 7, 55, 0));
    drawString("RTC reset",FONT5X7);
  }
  drawString("Cube Time",FONT5X7);
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// Main program loop
void loop() 
{
  updateOrientation();      //Read the mecury switches to get cube orientation
  updateTime |= testSetupButton();
  switch (clockState)
  {
    case CLOCK_TIME: flipTimeMode(); break;
    case SET_DATE: dateMode(); break;
    case SET_FORMAT: formatMode(); break;
    case SET_FONT: fontMode(); break;
    case SET_BRIGHTNESS: brightnessMode(); break;
    case SET_HOUR: hourMode(); break;
    case SET_MINUTE: minuteMode(); break;
  }
}
  
//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// In time display mode
void flipTimeMode()
{
  
  if (isScrollComplete() && clockState == CLOCK_TIME)
  {
    DateTime newTime = rtc.now();
    int hours = newTime.hour();
    int minutes = newTime.minute();
    int secs = newTime.second() / ((EepromData.clockDates == TIME_ONLY) ? 3 : 5);
  
    if (updateTime || hours != lastHours || minutes != lastMinutes || secs != lastSecs)
    {
      updateTime = false;
      lastHours = hours;
      lastMinutes = minutes;
      lastSecs = secs;

      dateBuffer[0] = '\0';
      switch(EepromData.clockDates)
      {
        case TIME_DMY: sprintf(dateBuffer," %02d;%02d;%04d",newTime.day(),newTime.month(),newTime.year()); break;
        case TIME_MDY: sprintf(dateBuffer," %02d;%02d;%04d",newTime.month(),newTime.day(),newTime.year()); break;
      }
      char c;
      switch(EepromData.clockFormat)
      {
        case HOUR_24: 
          sprintf(timeBuffer,"%d:%02d",hours,minutes);
          break;
        
        case HOUR_12: 
          int h = (hours == 0) ? 12 : (hours > 12) ? hours - 12 : hours;
          if (EepromData.clockFont == FONT_HORZ_SMALL)
          {
            c = (hours < 12) ? 'A' : 'P';
            sprintf(timeBuffer,"%d:%02d_%cM",h,minutes,c);
          }
          else
          {
            c = (hours < 12) ? '[' : '\\';
            sprintf(timeBuffer,"%d:%02d%c",h,minutes,c);
          }
          break;
      }
      switch(EepromData.clockFont)
      {
        case FONT_HORZ_SMALL:
          drawString(String(timeBuffer) + String(dateBuffer),FONT3X5);
          break;

        case FONT_HORZ_LARGE:
        case FONT_VERT:
          drawString(String(timeBuffer) + String(dateBuffer),FONT5X7);
          break;
      }
    }
  }
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// Test for setup button and handle the initial setup
bool testSetupButton()
{ 
  bool updateTime = false; 
  if (getButtonState() == SET)
  {
    delay(10);
    if (getButtonState() == SET)
    {
      scrollTerminate();
      displayClear();
      forceHorizontal = true;
      
      DateTime currentTime = rtc.now();
      clockState = (clockState == SET_MINUTE) ? CLOCK_TIME : (STATES)((int)clockState + 1);
      switch (clockState)
      {
        case SET_DATE:
          displayDate(EepromData.clockDates, true);
          break;
          
        case SET_FORMAT:
          displayFormat(EepromData.clockFormat, true);
          break;
        
        case SET_FONT:
          displayFont(EepromData.clockFont, true);
          break;
        
        case SET_BRIGHTNESS:
          displayBrightness(EepromData.brightness, true);
          break;
        
        case SET_HOUR: 
          setH = currentTime.hour();
          setM  = currentTime.minute();
          flashTimeout = millis() + FLASH_TIME;
          flashOn = false;
          displayNumber(setH, true, flashOn);
          break;

        case SET_MINUTE:
          flashTimeout = millis() + FLASH_TIME;
          flashOn = false;
          displayNumber(setM, true, flashOn);
          break;

        case CLOCK_TIME:
          //Set RTC
          rtc.adjust(DateTime(currentTime.year(), currentTime.month(), currentTime.day(), setH, setM, 0));
          writeEepromData();
          //force update
          updateTime = true;
          forceHorizontal = false;
          break;
      }
      //Wait until button is released
      while (getButtonState())
      {
        delay(10);
      }
    }
  }
  return updateTime;
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// In set date  mode
void dateMode()
{
  if (millis() > flashTimeout)
  {
    flashTimeout = millis() + FLASH_TIME;
    flashOn = !flashOn;
    displayDate(EepromData.clockDates, flashOn);
  }
  if (millis() > stepTimeout)
  {
    if (getButtonState() == UP)
    {
      EepromData.clockDates = (EepromData.clockDates == TIME_MDY) ? TIME_ONLY : (DATES)((int)EepromData.clockDates + 1);
      displayDate(EepromData.clockDates, flashOn);
      stepTimeout = millis() + STEP_TIME;
    }
    else if (getButtonState() == DOWN)
    {
      EepromData.clockDates = (EepromData.clockDates == TIME_ONLY) ? TIME_MDY : (DATES)((int)EepromData.clockDates - 1);
      displayDate(EepromData.clockDates, flashOn);
      stepTimeout = millis() + STEP_TIME;
    }
  }
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// In set format  mode
void formatMode()
{
  if (millis() > flashTimeout)
  {
    flashTimeout = millis() + FLASH_TIME;
    flashOn = !flashOn;
    displayFormat(EepromData.clockFormat, flashOn);
  }
  if (millis() > stepTimeout)
  {
    if (getButtonState() == UP)
    {
      EepromData.clockFormat = (EepromData.clockFormat == HOUR_12) ? HOUR_24 : (FORMATS)((int)EepromData.clockFormat + 1);
      displayFormat(EepromData.clockFormat, flashOn);
      stepTimeout = millis() + STEP_TIME;
    }
    else if (getButtonState() == DOWN)
    {
      EepromData.clockFormat = (EepromData.clockFormat == HOUR_24) ? HOUR_12 : (FORMATS)((int)EepromData.clockFormat - 1);
      displayFormat(EepromData.clockFormat, flashOn);
      stepTimeout = millis() + STEP_TIME;
    }
  }
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// In set font  mode
void fontMode()
{
  if (millis() > flashTimeout)
  {
    flashTimeout = millis() + FLASH_TIME;
    flashOn = !flashOn;
    displayFont(EepromData.clockFont, flashOn);
  }
  if (millis() > stepTimeout)
  {
    if (getButtonState() == UP)
    {
      EepromData.clockFont = (EepromData.clockFont == FONT_VERT) ? FONT_HORZ_SMALL : (FONTS)((int)EepromData.clockFont + 1);
      displayFont(EepromData.clockFont, flashOn);
      stepTimeout = millis() + STEP_TIME;
    }
    else if (getButtonState() == DOWN)
    {
      EepromData.clockFont = (EepromData.clockFont == FONT_HORZ_SMALL) ? FONT_VERT : (FONTS)((int)EepromData.clockFont - 1);
      displayFont(EepromData.clockFont, flashOn);
      stepTimeout = millis() + STEP_TIME;
    }
  }
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// In set hour  mode
void brightnessMode()
{
  if (millis() > flashTimeout)
  {
    flashTimeout = millis() + FLASH_TIME;
    flashOn = !flashOn;
    displayBrightness(EepromData.brightness, flashOn);
  }
  if (millis() > stepTimeout)
  {
    if (getButtonState() == UP)
    {
      EepromData.brightness = (EepromData.brightness + 1) % 8;
      EepromData.clockFont = (EepromData.brightness == FONT_VERT) ? FONT_HORZ_SMALL : (FONTS)((int)EepromData.clockFont + 1);
      displayBrightness(EepromData.brightness, flashOn);
      displayIntensity(EepromData.brightness);
      stepTimeout = millis() + STEP_TIME;
    }
    else if (getButtonState() == DOWN)
    {
      EepromData.brightness = (EepromData.brightness + 7) % 8;
      displayBrightness(EepromData.brightness, flashOn);
      displayIntensity(EepromData.brightness);
      stepTimeout = millis() + STEP_TIME;
    }
  }
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// In set hour  mode
void hourMode()
{
  if (millis() > flashTimeout)
  {
    flashTimeout = millis() + FLASH_TIME;
    flashOn = !flashOn;
    displayNumber(setH, true, flashOn);
    //showLetter(H, flashOn);
  }
  if (millis() > stepTimeout)
  {
    if (getButtonState() == UP)
    {
      setH = (setH + 1) % 24;
      displayNumber(setH, true, flashOn);
      stepTimeout = millis() + STEP_TIME;
    }
    else if (getButtonState() == DOWN)
    {
      setH = (setH + 23) % 24;
      displayNumber(setH, true, flashOn);
      stepTimeout = millis() + STEP_TIME;
    }
  }
}

//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// In set minute  mode
void minuteMode()
{
  if (millis() > flashTimeout)
  {
    flashTimeout = millis() + FLASH_TIME;
    flashOn = !flashOn;
    displayNumber(setM, true, flashOn);
    //showLetter(M, flashOn);
  }
  if (millis() > stepTimeout)
  {
    if (getButtonState() == UP)
    {
      setM = (setM + 1) % 60;
      displayNumber(setM, true, flashOn);
      //showLetter(M, flashOn);
      stepTimeout = millis() + STEP_TIME;
    }
    else if (getButtonState() == DOWN)
    {
      setM = (setM + 59) % 60;
      displayNumber(setM, true, flashOn);
      //showLetter(M, flashOn);
      stepTimeout = millis() + STEP_TIME;
    }
  }
}

/**
 * ATtiny1614 Cube Clock
 * John Bradnam (jbrad2089@gmail.com)
 * 
 * 2021-09-06 - Create Matrix display functions for clock
 *
*/

#pragma once

#include <LedControl.h>
#include "Memory.h"
#include "Switches.h"

//MAX7219
#define CLK 1          //PA5
#define LOAD 2         //PA6
#define DIN 3          //PA7

enum FONTSIZE {FONT3X5,FONT5X7};

#define SCROLL_SPEED 40                //Speed at which text is scrolled
String scrollText;                     //Used to store scrolling text
volatile int8_t scrollDelay;           //Used to store scroll delay
volatile int8_t scrollCharPos;         //Current character position in text being scrolled
volatile int8_t scrollCharCol;         //Next column in character to display
volatile int8_t scrollOffScreen;       //Extra columns required to scroll last character off screen
volatile FONTSIZE scrollFont;          //Font used when scrolling text
volatile bool forceHorizontal;         //Set TRUE to override vertical mode during setup
byte displayBuffer[8];                 //Double buffer for fast updates

//----------------------------------------------------------------------
// Font definitions

#define ASCII_OFFSET 32
#define SPACE_5X7 64
#define BRIGHT_1 32
#define TM_5X7 40
#define DM_5X7 41
#define MD_5X7 42
#define T4_5X7 43
#define T2_5X7 44
#define FS_5X7 45
#define FL_5X7 46
#define FV_5X7 47
const uint8_t font5x7 [61][8] PROGMEM = {
  {0x80, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, //   - Brightness Level 1
  {0x80, 0xC0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // ! - Brightness Level 3
  {0x80, 0xC0, 0xE0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // " - Brightness Level 5
  {0x80, 0xC0, 0xE0, 0xF0, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // # - Brightness Level 7
  {0x80, 0xC0, 0xE0, 0xF0, 0xF8, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // $ - Brightness Level 9
  {0x80, 0xC0, 0xE0, 0xF0, 0xF8, 0xFC, 0x00, 0x00}, // % - Brightness Level 11
  {0x80, 0xC0, 0xE0, 0xF0, 0xF8, 0xFC, 0xFE, 0x00}, // & - Brightness Level 13
  {0x80, 0xC0, 0xE0, 0xF0, 0xF8, 0xFC, 0xFE, 0xFF}, // ' - Brightness Level 15
  {0x01, 0x0F, 0x01, 0xE0, 0x10, 0x60, 0x10, 0xE0}, // ( - TM
  {0x1C, 0x14, 0x1F, 0xE0, 0x10, 0x60, 0x10, 0xE0}, // ) - DM
  {0x0E, 0x01, 0x06, 0x01, 0x0E, 0xE0, 0xA0, 0xF8}, // * - MD
  {0x12, 0x19, 0x15, 0x52, 0x60, 0x50, 0xF8, 0x40}, // + - 24
  {0x12, 0x1F, 0x10, 0x00, 0x90, 0xC8, 0xA8, 0x90}, // , - 12
  {0x1F, 0x05, 0x05, 0x01, 0x90, 0xA8, 0xA8, 0x48}, // - - FS
  {0x1F, 0x05, 0x05, 0x01, 0xF8, 0x80, 0x80, 0x80}, // . - FL
  {0x1F, 0x05, 0x05, 0x01, 0x78, 0x80, 0x80, 0x78}, // / - FV
  {0x3E, 0x51, 0x49, 0x45, 0x3E, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // 0 
  {0x00, 0x42, 0x7F, 0x40, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // 1 
  {0x42, 0x61, 0x51, 0x49, 0x46, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // 2 
  {0x21, 0x41, 0x45, 0x4B, 0x31, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // 3 
  {0x18, 0x14, 0x12, 0x7F, 0x10, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // 4 
  {0x27, 0x45, 0x45, 0x45, 0x39, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // 5 
  {0x3C, 0x4A, 0x49, 0x49, 0x30, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // 6 
  {0x01, 0x71, 0x09, 0x05, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // 7 
  {0x36, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x36, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // 8 
  {0x06, 0x49, 0x49, 0x29, 0x1E, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // 9 
  {0x00, 0x36, 0x36, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // : 
  {0x60, 0x10, 0x08, 0x04, 0x03, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // ; - /
  {0x08, 0x14, 0x22, 0x41, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // <
  {0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x14, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // =
  {0x00, 0x41, 0x22, 0x14, 0x08, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // >
  {0x02, 0x01, 0x51, 0x09, 0x06, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // ? 
  {0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // @ - Space 
  {0x7C, 0x12, 0x11, 0x12, 0x7C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // A 
  {0x7F, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x36, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // B 
  {0x3E, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x22, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // C 
  {0x7F, 0x41, 0x41, 0x22, 0x1C, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // D 
  {0x7F, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x41, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // E 
  {0x7F, 0x09, 0x09, 0x09, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // F 
  {0x3E, 0x41, 0x49, 0x49, 0x7A, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // G 
  {0x7F, 0x08, 0x08, 0x08, 0x7F, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // H 
  {0x00, 0x41, 0x7F, 0x41, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // I 
  {0x20, 0x40, 0x41, 0x3F, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // J 
  {0x7F, 0x08, 0x14, 0x22, 0x41, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // K 
  {0x7F, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // L 
  {0x7F, 0x02, 0x0C, 0x02, 0x7F, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // M 
  {0x7F, 0x04, 0x08, 0x10, 0x7F, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // N 
  {0x3E, 0x41, 0x41, 0x41, 0x3E, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // O 
  {0x7F, 0x09, 0x09, 0x09, 0x06, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // P 
  {0x3E, 0x41, 0x51, 0x21, 0x5E, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // Q 
  {0x7F, 0x09, 0x19, 0x29, 0x46, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // R 
  {0x46, 0x49, 0x49, 0x49, 0x31, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // S 
  {0x01, 0x01, 0x7F, 0x01, 0x01, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // T 
  {0x3F, 0x40, 0x40, 0x40, 0x3F, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // U 
  {0x1F, 0x20, 0x40, 0x20, 0x1F, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // V 
  {0x3F, 0x40, 0x38, 0x40, 0x3F, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // W 
  {0x63, 0x14, 0x08, 0x14, 0x63, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // X 
  {0x07, 0x08, 0x70, 0x08, 0x07, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // Y 
  {0x61, 0x51, 0x49, 0x45, 0x43, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00}, // Z 
  {0x1E, 0x05, 0x1E, 0xE0, 0x10, 0x60, 0x10, 0xE0}, // [ - AM
  {0x1F, 0x05, 0x07, 0xE0, 0x10, 0x60, 0x10, 0xE0}  // \ - PM
};

//Custom characters are stored in PAM
#define CUSTOM_1 93 //]
#define CUSTOM_2 94 //^
uint8_t customChars[2][8];

#define COLON_3X5 10
#define SLASH_3X5 11
#define A_3X5     12
#define P_3X5     13
#define M_3X5     14
#define SPACE_3X5 15
#define VSHIFT 1    //Pixels up from bottom
const byte font3x5[16][3] PROGMEM = {
  {0x1F,0x11,0x1F}, {0x00,0x1F,0x00}, {0x1D,0x15,0x17}, {0x15,0x15,0x1F}, {0x07,0x04,0x1F},
  {0x17,0x15,0x1D}, {0x1F,0x15,0x1D}, {0x01,0x1D,0x03}, {0x1F,0x15,0x1F}, {0x07,0x05,0x1F},
  {0x00,0x0A,0x00}, {0x18,0x04,0x03}, {0x1E,0x05,0x1E}, {0x1F,0x05,0x07}, {0x1F,0x06,0x1F},
  {0x00,0x00,0x00} 
};

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Forward references

void setupDisplay();
void displayDate(DATES f, bool on);
void displayFormat(FORMATS f, bool on);
void displayFont(FONTS f, bool on);
void displayBrightness(uint8_t b, bool on);
void displayNumber(long num, bool leadingZeros, bool flash);
void displayCharacter(char ch);
void createCustomNumber(int custom, long num, bool leadingZeros, bool flash);
void createCustomDigit(int custom, int num, int hshift, int vshift);
void clearCustomCharacter(int custom);
bool isScrollComplete();
void drawString(String s, FONTSIZE f);
void scrollTerminate();
void scrollTextLeft();
void scrollTextUp();
void displaySetPixel(int8_t r, int8_t c, bool on);
bool displayGetPixel(int8_t r, int8_t c);
void displayClear();
void displayIntensity(int brightness);
void displayRefresh();

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
//Initialise matrix and setup timer for matrix scrolling

LedControl lc = LedControl(DIN, CLK, LOAD, 1);

void setupDisplay()
{
  forceHorizontal = false;
  
  lc.shutdown(0, false); //The MAX7219 is in power-saving mode on startup,
  displayIntensity(EepromData.brightness);
  lc.clearDisplay(0);    //Clear the display 

  //Set up display refresh timer
  //CLK_PER = 3.3MHz (303nS)
  TCB1.CCMP = 49152;   //Refresh value for display (67Hz)
  TCB1.INTCTRL = TCB_CAPT_bm;
  TCB1.CTRLA = TCB_ENABLE_bm;
}

//-------------------------------------------------------------------------
//Timer B Interrupt handler interrupt each mS - output segments
ISR(TCB1_INT_vect)
{
  //Handle scrolling of text
  if (scrollDelay != 0)
  {
    scrollDelay--;
    if (scrollDelay == 0)
    {
      scrollDelay = SCROLL_SPEED;
      if (!forceHorizontal && EepromData.clockFont == FONT_VERT)
      {
        scrollTextUp(); 
      }
      else
      {
        scrollTextLeft(); 
      }
    }
  }

  //Clear interrupt flag
  TCB1.INTFLAGS |= TCB_CAPT_bm; //clear the interrupt flag(to reset TCB1.CNT)
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Display a date layout
//  f - TIME_ONLY or TIME_DMY or TIME_MDY
void displayDate(DATES f, bool on)
{
  if (!on)
  {
    displayCharacter(SPACE_5X7);
  }
  else
  {
    switch(f)
    {
      case TIME_ONLY: displayCharacter(TM_5X7); break; //TM
      case TIME_DMY: displayCharacter(DM_5X7); break; //DM
      case TIME_MDY: displayCharacter(MD_5X7); break; //MD
    }
  }
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Display a format layout
//  f - HOUR_24 or HOUR_12
void displayFormat(FORMATS f, bool on)
{
  if (!on)
  {
    displayCharacter(SPACE_5X7);
  }
  else
  {
    switch(f)
    {
      case HOUR_24: displayCharacter(T4_5X7); break; //24
      case HOUR_12: displayCharacter(T2_5X7); break; //12
    }
  }
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Display a font layout
//  f - FONT_HORZ_SMALL or FONT_HORZ_LARGE or FONT_VERT
void displayFont(FONTS f, bool on)
{
  if (!on)
  {
    displayCharacter(SPACE_5X7);
  }
  else
  {
    switch(f)
    {
      case FONT_HORZ_SMALL: displayCharacter(FS_5X7); break; //FS
      case FONT_HORZ_LARGE: displayCharacter(FL_5X7); break; //FL
      case FONT_VERT: displayCharacter(FV_5X7); break; //FV
    }
  }
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Display the brightness level
//  b - brightness 0 to 7
void displayBrightness(uint8_t b, bool on)
{
  if (!on)
  {
    displayCharacter(SPACE_5X7);
  }
  else
  {
    displayCharacter(BRIGHT_1 + b);
  }
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Display a number as two 7 segment digits
//   num - 0 to 99
//   leadingZeros - true to have leading zeros
//   flash - true to show digit, false to show blank
void displayNumber(long num, bool leadingZeros, bool flash)
{
  scrollDelay = 0;    //Switch off scrolling
  createCustomNumber(CUSTOM_1, num, leadingZeros, flash);
  displayCharacter(CUSTOM_1);
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Display a custom character on the screen
void displayCharacter(char ch)
{
  uint8_t fromBits;
  uint8_t fromMask;
  uint8_t toBits;
  uint8_t toMask;
  fromMask = 0x01;
  for(int r = 0; r < 8; r++)
  {
    toBits = 0;
    toMask = 0x80;
    for (int c = 0; c < 8; c++)
    {
      if (ch >= CUSTOM_1)
      {
        fromBits = customChars[ch - CUSTOM_1][c];
      }
      else
      {
        fromBits = pgm_read_byte(&font5x7[ch - ASCII_OFFSET][c]);
      }
      if (fromBits & fromMask)
      {
        toBits = toBits | toMask;
      }
      toMask = toMask >> 1;
    }
    displayBuffer[r] = toBits;
    fromMask = fromMask << 1;
  }
  displayRefresh();
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Display a number as two 7 segment digits
//   custom - (CUSTOM_1 to CUSTOM_2) One of the custom character slots
//   num - 0 to 99
//   leadingZeros - true to have leading zeros
//   flash - true to show digit, false to show blank
void createCustomNumber(int custom, long num, bool leadingZeros, bool flash)
{
  clearCustomCharacter(custom);
  num = max(min(num, 99), 0);
  for (int i = 0, shift = 4; i < 2; i++, shift-=4)
  {
    if (flash && (num > 0 || i == 0 || leadingZeros))
    {
      createCustomDigit(custom, num % 10, shift, VSHIFT+1);
    }
    else
    {
      createCustomDigit(custom, SPACE_3X5, shift, VSHIFT+1);
    }
    num = num / 10;
  }
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Display a digit
//   custom - (CUSTOM_1 to CUSTOM_4) One of the custom characrer slots
//   num - 0 to 10
//   hshift - columns to shift left
//   vshift - rows to shift down
void createCustomDigit(int custom, int num, int hshift, int vshift)
{
  uint8_t numBits;
  uint8_t numMask;
  uint8_t cusMask;
  uint8_t cusBits;
  for (int col = 0; col < 3; col++)
  {
    numBits = pgm_read_byte_near(&font3x5[num][col]);

    numMask = 0x01;
    cusMask = 0x01 << vshift;
    cusBits = customChars[custom-CUSTOM_1][col+hshift];  //Read existing column
    for (int row = 0; row < 5; row++)
    {
      if (numBits & numMask)
      {
        cusBits = cusBits | cusMask;
      }
      else
      {
        cusBits = cusBits & ~cusMask;
      }
      numMask = numMask << 1;
      cusMask = cusMask << 1;
    }
    customChars[custom-CUSTOM_1][col+hshift] = cusBits;  //Update column
  }
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Clear a customer character buffer
//   custom - (CUSTOM_1 to CUSTOM_2) One of the custom characrer slots
void clearCustomCharacter(int custom)
{
  for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
  {
    customChars[custom-CUSTOM_1][i] = 0;
  }
}

//---------------------------------------------------------------
// Test if text scroll has completed
bool isScrollComplete()
{
  return (scrollDelay == 0);
}

//---------------------------------------------------------------
//Draw string
// s = String to display
// f = font to use
void drawString(String s, FONTSIZE f)
{
  while (!isScrollComplete())
  {
    //Wait until last lot of text has scrolled off the screen
    updateOrientation();      //Read the mecury switches to get cube orientation
  }
  s.toUpperCase();
  scrollText = s;
  scrollFont = f;
  scrollCharPos = 0;
  scrollCharCol = 0;
  scrollOffScreen = 0;
  scrollDelay = SCROLL_SPEED;     //Starts scrolling
}

//---------------------------------------------------------------
// Terminate aby scrolling
void scrollTerminate()
{
  scrollDelay = 0;
}

//---------------------------------------------------------------
//Scroll text left
void scrollTextLeft()
{
  uint8_t bits;
  uint8_t mask;
  int8_t colMax;
  int8_t rowMax;
  char ch;
  
  //Scroll screen buffer left
  for (int8_t c = 0; c < 8; c++)
  {
    for (int8_t r = 0; r < 8; r++)
    {
      displaySetPixel(r, c, (c != 7 && displayGetPixel(r, c + 1)));
    }
  }

  switch(scrollFont)
  {
    case FONT3X5: 
      colMax = 3;
      rowMax = 5;
      //character column after last column is blank for letter spacing
      if (scrollOffScreen == 0 && scrollCharCol < colMax)
      {
        ch = scrollText[scrollCharPos];
        if (ch >= '0' && ch <= '9' || ch == ':' || ch == ';' || ch == 'A' || ch == 'P' || ch == 'M' || ch == ' ' || ch == '_')
        {
          uint8_t c = ch - 48;
          switch(ch)
          {
            case ' ': c = SPACE_3X5; break;
            case ':': c = COLON_3X5; break;
            case ';': c = SLASH_3X5; break;
            case 'A': c = A_3X5; break;
            case 'P': c = P_3X5; break;
            case 'M': c = M_3X5; break;
            case '_': c = SPACE_3X5; colMax = 0; break;
          }
          bits = pgm_read_byte(&font3x5[c][scrollCharCol]);
          mask = 0x10;
          //Get bits in the next column and output to buffer
          for(int8_t r = 0; r < rowMax; r++)
          {
            if (bits & mask)
            {
              displaySetPixel(7 - r - VSHIFT, 7, true);
            }
            mask = mask >> 1;
          }
        }
      }
      break;

    case FONT5X7:
      ch = scrollText[scrollCharPos];
      colMax = (ch > 90) ? 8 : 5;
      rowMax = (ch > 90) ? 8 : 7;
      mask = (ch > 90) ? 0x80 : 0x40;
      //character column after last column is blank for letter spacing
      if (scrollOffScreen == 0 && scrollCharCol < colMax)
      {
        if (ch >= 40 && ch <= 94)
        {
          if (ch == CUSTOM_1 || ch == CUSTOM_2)
          {
            bits = customChars[ch - CUSTOM_1][scrollCharCol];
          }
          else
          {
            bits = pgm_read_byte(&font5x7[ch - ASCII_OFFSET][scrollCharCol]);
          }
          //Get bits in the next column and output to buffer
          for(int8_t r = 0; r < rowMax; r++)
          {
            if (bits & mask)
            {
              displaySetPixel(7 - r, 7, true);
            }
            mask = mask >> 1;
          }
        }
      }
      break;
  }

  if (scrollOffScreen > 0)
  {
    scrollOffScreen--;
    if (scrollOffScreen == 0)
    {
      //Stop scrolling
      scrollDelay = 0;
    }
  }
  else
  {
    scrollCharCol++;
    if (scrollCharCol == (colMax+1))
    {
      scrollCharCol = 0;
      scrollCharPos++;
      if (scrollCharPos == scrollText.length())
      {
        //All text has been outputted, just wait until it is scrolled of the screen
        scrollOffScreen = 8;
      }
    }
  }
  displayRefresh();
}

//---------------------------------------------------------------
//Scroll text up
void scrollTextUp()
{
  uint8_t bits;
  uint8_t mask;
  int8_t colMax;
  int8_t rowMax;
  char ch;

  //Scroll screen buffer up
  for (int8_t r = 0; r < 8; r++)
  {
    for (int8_t c = 0; c < 8; c++)
    {
      displaySetPixel(r, c, (r != 7 && displayGetPixel(r + 1, c)));
    }
  }

  //Seventh character row is blank for letter spacing
  ch = scrollText[scrollCharPos];
  colMax = (ch > 90) ? 8 : 5;
  rowMax = (ch > 90) ? 8 : 7;

  if (scrollOffScreen == 0 && scrollCharCol < rowMax)
  {
    char ch = scrollText[scrollCharPos];
    if (ch >= 40 && ch <= 94)
    {
      mask = 1 << scrollCharCol;
      //Get bits in the next column and output to buffer
      for(int8_t c = 0; c < colMax; c++)
      {
        if (ch == CUSTOM_1 || ch == CUSTOM_2)
        {
          bits = customChars[ch - CUSTOM_1][c];
        }
        else
        {
          bits = pgm_read_byte(&font5x7[ch - ASCII_OFFSET][c]);
        }
        if (bits & mask)
        {
          displaySetPixel(7, c, true);
        }
      }
    }
  }

  if (scrollOffScreen > 0)
  {
    scrollOffScreen--;
    if (scrollOffScreen == 0)
    {
      //Stop scrolling
      scrollDelay = 0;
    }
  }
  else
  {
    scrollCharCol++;
    if (scrollCharCol == 8)
    {
      scrollCharCol = 0;
      scrollCharPos++;
      if (scrollCharPos == scrollText.length())
      {
        //All text has been outputted, just wait until it is scrolled of the screen
        scrollOffScreen = 8;
      }
    }
  }
  displayRefresh();
}

//---------------------------------------------------------------
//Sets the bit in the 8 byte array that corresponds to the physical column and row
// r = row (0 - top row to 7 - bottom row)
// c = column (0 to 7) (0 is far left)
// on = true to switch bit on, false to switch bit off
void displaySetPixel(int8_t r, int8_t c, bool on)
{
  byte mask = 1 << (7-c);
  if (on)
  {
    displayBuffer[r] = displayBuffer[r] | mask;
  }
  else
  {
    displayBuffer[r] = displayBuffer[r] & ~mask;
  }
}

//---------------------------------------------------------------
//Get the color of the bit that corresponds to the physical column and row
// r = row (0 - top row to 7 - bottom row)
// c = column (0 to 7)
// Returns true if on
bool displayGetPixel(int8_t r, int8_t c)
{
  byte mask = 1 << (7-c);
  return (displayBuffer[r] & mask);
}

//---------------------------------------------------------------
//Clear the display buffer
void displayClear()
{
  memset(&displayBuffer,0,8);  
}

//---------------------------------------------------------------
//Set the screen brightness
// b = 0 to 7
void displayIntensity(int b)
{
  lc.setIntensity(0, b * 2 + 1);
}

//---------------------------------------------------------------
//Transfers the display buffer to the matrix
void displayRefresh()
{
  byte row = 0;
  byte rowMask = 0;
  byte colMask = 0;
  switch (scrollOrient)
  {
    case LEFT_TO_RIGHT:
      for(int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
      {
        lc.setRow(0,i,displayBuffer[i]);
      }
      break;
      
    case TOP_TO_BOTTOM:
      colMask = 0x01;
      for(int c = 0; c < 8; c++)
      {
        row = 0;
        rowMask = 0x80;
        for (int r = 0; r < 8; r++)
        {
          if (displayBuffer[r] & colMask)
          {
            row = row | rowMask;
          }
          rowMask = rowMask >> 1;
        }
        lc.setRow(0,c,row);
        colMask = colMask << 1;
      }
      break;
    
      case RIGHT_TO_LEFT:
        for(int r = 0; r < 8; r++)
        {
          row = 0;
          rowMask = 0x01;
          colMask = 0x80;
          for(int c = 0; c < 8; c++)
          {
            if (displayBuffer[7-r] & colMask)
            {
              row = row | rowMask;
            }
            rowMask = rowMask << 1;
            colMask = colMask >> 1;
            lc.setRow(0,r,row);
          }
        }
        break;
        
      case BOTTOM_TO_TOP:
        colMask = 0x80;
        for(int c = 0; c < 8; c++)
        {
          row = 0;
          rowMask = 0x80;
          for (int r = 0; r < 8; r++)
          {
            if (displayBuffer[7-r] & colMask)
            {
              row = row | rowMask;
            }
            rowMask = rowMask >> 1;
          }
          lc.setRow(0,c,row);
          colMask = colMask >> 1;
        }
        break;
  }
}

/**
 * ATtiny1614 Cube Clock
 * John Bradnam (jbrad2089@gmail.com)
 * 
 * 2021-09-06 - Create EEPROM functions for clock
 *
*/

#pragma once

//Uncomment to reset EEPROM data
//#define RESET_EEPROM

#ifdef __AVR_ATtiny1614__
#include <avr/eeprom.h>
#else
#include <EEPROM.h>
#endif

enum DATES { TIME_ONLY, TIME_DMY, TIME_MDY };
enum FORMATS { HOUR_24, HOUR_12 };
enum FONTS { FONT_HORZ_SMALL, FONT_HORZ_LARGE, FONT_VERT };

//EEPROM handling
#define EEPROM_ADDRESS 0
#define EEPROM_MAGIC 0x0DAD0BAD
typedef struct {
  uint32_t magic;
  DATES clockDates;
  FORMATS clockFormat;
  FONTS clockFont;
  uint8_t brightness; //Current brightness level
} EEPROM_DATA;

volatile EEPROM_DATA EepromData;       //Current EEPROM settings

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Forward references

void writeEepromData();
void readEepromData();

//---------------------------------------------------------------
//Write the EepromData structure to EEPROM
void writeEepromData()
{
  //This function uses EEPROM.update() to perform the write, so does not rewrites the value if it didn't change.
  #ifdef __AVR_ATtiny1614__
    eeprom_update_block (( void *) &EepromData , ( const void *) EEPROM_ADDRESS, sizeof(EepromData));  
  #else
    EEPROM.put(EEPROM_ADDRESS,EepromData);
  #endif
}

//---------------------------------------------------------------
//Read the EepromData structure from EEPROM, initialise if necessary
void readEepromData()
{
  //Eprom
  #ifdef __AVR_ATtiny1614__
    eeprom_read_block (( void *) &EepromData , ( const void *) EEPROM_ADDRESS, sizeof(EepromData));  
  #else
    EEPROM.get(EEPROM_ADDRESS,EepromData);
  #endif
  #ifndef RESET_EEPROM
  if (EepromData.magic != EEPROM_MAGIC)
  #endif
  {
    EepromData.magic = EEPROM_MAGIC;
    EepromData.clockDates = TIME_ONLY;
    EepromData.clockFormat = HOUR_24;
    EepromData.clockFont = FONT_HORZ_SMALL;
    EepromData.brightness = 0;
    writeEepromData();
  }
}

/**
 * ATtiny1614 Cube Clock
 * John Bradnam (jbrad2089@gmail.com)
 * 
 * 2021-09-06 - Create Switch functions for clock
 *
*/

#pragma once

//Switches
#define SWITCHES 0     //PA4
#define NW 4           //PB3
#define NE 5           //PB2
#define SE 7           //PB0
#define SW 6           //PB1

enum BUTTONS { NONE, SET, UP, DOWN };
enum ORIENTATION {UNKNOWN,LEFT_TO_RIGHT,TOP_TO_BOTTOM,RIGHT_TO_LEFT,BOTTOM_TO_TOP};

volatile ORIENTATION scrollOrient = UNKNOWN; //Current cube orientation
uint8_t lastOrientation = 0;           //Used to detect change in cube orientation

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Forward references

void setupSwitches();
void updateOrientation();
BUTTONS getButtonState();

//---------------------------------------------------------------
// Setup pins connected to switches
void setupSwitches()
{
  pinMode(SWITCHES,INPUT);
  pinMode(NW,INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(NE,INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(SE,INPUT_PULLUP);
  pinMode(SW,INPUT_PULLUP);
}

//---------------------------------------------------------------
// Read the mercury switches and update for changes
void updateOrientation()
{
  byte dir = B00000000;
  if (digitalRead(NW) == LOW)
  {
    dir = dir | B00000001;
  }
  if (digitalRead(NE) == LOW)
  {
    dir = dir | B00000010;
  }
  if (digitalRead(SW) == LOW)
  {
    dir = dir | B00000100;
  }
  if (digitalRead(SE) == LOW)
  {
    dir = dir | B00001000;
  }

  if (lastOrientation != dir || scrollOrient == UNKNOWN)
  {
    lastOrientation = dir;
    switch (dir)
    {
      case B00000000: scrollOrient = LEFT_TO_RIGHT; break;
      case B00000010: scrollOrient = TOP_TO_BOTTOM; break;
      case B00001011: scrollOrient = RIGHT_TO_LEFT; break;
      case B00001001: scrollOrient = BOTTOM_TO_TOP; break;
    }
  }
}

//-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Return current button state
BUTTONS getButtonState()
{
  //S4 (SET) - 0V 0
  //S3 (UP) - 2.5V 512
  //S3 (DOWN) - 3V 614
  BUTTONS result = NONE;
  int value = analogRead(SWITCHES);
  if (value < 450)
  {
    result = SET;
  }
  else if (value < 550)
  {
    result = UP;
  }
  else if (value < 650)
  {
    result = DOWN;
  }
  return result;
}

Credits

John Bradnam

145 projects • 178 followers

Cube Clock

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MAX7219 8x8 LED Matrix module

3D printing

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Assembly - Step 4

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Assembly - Step 6

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Code

CubeClockV1.ino

Display.h

Memory.h

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Credits

John Bradnam

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Cube Clock

Cube Clock

Things used in this project

Hardware components

Software apps and online services

Hand tools and fabrication machines

Story

Setting the time

How it works

Schematic

MAX7219 8x8 LED Matrix module

3D printing

The PCB

Assembly - Step 1

Assembly - Step 2

Assembly - Step 3

Assembly - Step 4

Assembly - Step 5

Assembly - Step 6

Assembly - Step 7

Conclusion

Custom parts and enclosures

STL Files

Schematics

Schematic

PCB

Eagle Files

Code

CubeClockV1.ino

Display.h

Memory.h

Switches.h

Credits

John Bradnam

Comments

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