Christopher Mendez Martinez
Published © GPL3+

Measuring Air Quality with an Accelerometer

One of the powers of machine learning is the ability to analyze variables indirectly by measuring a completely different one. Mov to IAQ!

BeginnerFull instructions provided3 hours510
Measuring Air Quality with an Accelerometer

Things used in this project

Hardware components

Adafruit HUZZAH32 – ESP32 Feather Board
Adafruit HUZZAH32 – ESP32 Feather Board
×1
6 DOF Sensor - MPU6050
DFRobot 6 DOF Sensor - MPU6050
×1
Jumper wires (generic)
Jumper wires (generic)
×1

Software apps and online services

Arduino IDE
Arduino IDE
Edge Impulse Studio
Edge Impulse Studio

Story

Read more

Schematics

ESP32 + MPU6050

As simple as powering the accelerometer and wiring the I2C communication

Code

MPU_EI_Upload.ino

Arduino
Code to upload 3 axis data to Edge Impulse
/*
 * Accelerometer data send to Edge Impulse using the Data-Forwarder
 * Author: Christopher Mendez - 2022
 * Video tutorial: https://youtu.be/7KXUMV5muU8
*/

/* Includes ---------------------------------------------------------------- */
#include <Adafruit_MPU6050.h>  // Click to download this library: http://librarymanager/All#Adafruit_MPU6050
#include <Adafruit_Sensor.h>  // Click to download this library: https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Sensor
#include <Wire.h>

/* Instances -------------------------------------------------------- */
Adafruit_MPU6050 mpu;

void setup(void) {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  while (!Serial)
    delay(10); // wait for serial port

  // Inicializar sensor!
  if (!mpu.begin()) {
    Serial.println("Error MPU6050!");
    while (1) {
      delay(10);
    }
  }
  Serial.println("MPU6050 found");

  mpu.setAccelerometerRange(MPU6050_RANGE_2_G);
  
  Serial.print("Accelerometer range set to: ");
  switch (mpu.getAccelerometerRange()) {
    case MPU6050_RANGE_2_G:
      Serial.println("+-2G");
      break;
    case MPU6050_RANGE_4_G:
      Serial.println("+-4G");
      break;
    case MPU6050_RANGE_8_G:
      Serial.println("+-8G");
      break;
    case MPU6050_RANGE_16_G:
      Serial.println("+-16G");
      break;
  }

  mpu.setFilterBandwidth(MPU6050_BAND_94_HZ);
  
  Serial.print("Filter bandwidth set to: ");
  switch (mpu.getFilterBandwidth()) {
    case MPU6050_BAND_260_HZ:
      Serial.println("260 Hz");
      break;
    case MPU6050_BAND_184_HZ:
      Serial.println("184 Hz");
      break;
    case MPU6050_BAND_94_HZ:
      Serial.println("94 Hz");
      break;
    case MPU6050_BAND_44_HZ:
      Serial.println("44 Hz");
      break;
    case MPU6050_BAND_21_HZ:
      Serial.println("21 Hz");
      break;
    case MPU6050_BAND_10_HZ:
      Serial.println("10 Hz");
      break;
    case MPU6050_BAND_5_HZ:
      Serial.println("5 Hz");
      break;
  }

  Serial.println("");
  delay(100);
}

void loop() {

  /* Gather sensor data */
  sensors_event_t a, g, temp;
  mpu.getEvent(&a, &g, &temp);

  /* Print sensor values */
  Serial.print(a.acceleration.x);
  Serial.print(",");
  Serial.print(a.acceleration.y);
  Serial.print(",");
  Serial.println(a.acceleration.z);
  delay(5); //delay that determines output frequency > 100 hz at least
}

ESP32_IAQ_Inference.ino

Arduino
Code to run the trained model to identify air quality measuring vibrations
/*
 * Air Quality detection analyzing vibrations from an Air Purifier.
 * Author: Christopher Mendez - 2022
 * Video tutorial: https://youtu.be/7KXUMV5muU8
*/

/* Includes ---------------------------------------------------------------- */
#include <Vibraciones_inferencing.h>  //Edge Impulse Library with your trained model
#include <Adafruit_MPU6050.h>  // Click to download this library: http://librarymanager/All#Adafruit_MPU6050
#include <Adafruit_Sensor.h>  // Click to download this library: https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_Sensor
#include <Wire.h>

/* Constant defines -------------------------------------------------------- */

#define MAX_ACCEPTED_RANGE  2.0f        // starting 03/2022, models are generated setting range to +-2, but this example use Arudino library which set range to +-4g. If you are using an older model, ignore this value and use 4.0f instead

/* Instances -------------------------------------------------------- */
Adafruit_MPU6050 mpu;

/* Private variables ------------------------------------------------------- */
static bool debug_nn = false; // Set this to true to see e.g. features generated from the raw signal

/**
  @brief      Arduino setup
*/
void setup()
{

  Serial.begin(115200);
  while (!Serial)
    delay(10); // wait for serial port

  Serial.println("Air quality detector through vibration");

  if (!mpu.begin()) {
    ei_printf("Error MPU6050!\r\n");
  }
  else {
    ei_printf("MPU6050 found\r\n");
  }

  mpu.setAccelerometerRange(MPU6050_RANGE_2_G);
  mpu.setFilterBandwidth(MPU6050_BAND_94_HZ);

  if (EI_CLASSIFIER_RAW_SAMPLES_PER_FRAME != 3) {
    ei_printf("ERR: EI_CLASSIFIER_RAW_SAMPLES_PER_FRAME should be equal to 3 (the 3 sensor axes)\n");
    return;
  }
}

/**
 * @brief Return the sign of the number
 * 
 * @param number 
 * @return int 1 if positive (or 0) -1 if negative
 */
float ei_get_sign(float number) {
  return (number >= 0.0) ? 1.0 : -1.0;
}

/**
* @brief      Get data and run inferencing
*
* @param[in]  debug  Get debug info if true
*/
void loop()
{
  ei_printf("\nStarting inferencing in 2 seconds...\n");

  delay(2000);

  ei_printf("Sampling...\n");

  // Allocate a buffer here for the values we'll read from the IMU
  float buffer[EI_CLASSIFIER_DSP_INPUT_FRAME_SIZE] = { 0 };

  for (size_t ix = 0; ix < EI_CLASSIFIER_DSP_INPUT_FRAME_SIZE; ix += 3) {
    // Determine the next tick (and then sleep later)
    uint64_t next_tick = micros() + (EI_CLASSIFIER_INTERVAL_MS * 1000);

    /* Gather sensor data */
    sensors_event_t a, g, temp;
    mpu.getEvent(&a, &g, &temp);

    buffer[ix] = a.acceleration.x;
    buffer[ix + 1] = a.acceleration.y;
    buffer[ix + 2] = a.acceleration.z;

    delayMicroseconds(next_tick - micros());
  }

  // Turn the raw buffer in a signal which we can the classify
  signal_t signal;
  int err = numpy::signal_from_buffer(buffer, EI_CLASSIFIER_DSP_INPUT_FRAME_SIZE, &signal);
  if (err != 0) {
    ei_printf("Failed to create signal from buffer (%d)\n", err);
    return;
  }

  // Run the classifier
  ei_impulse_result_t result = { 0 };

  err = run_classifier(&signal, &result, debug_nn);
  if (err != EI_IMPULSE_OK) {
    ei_printf("ERR: Failed to run classifier (%d)\n", err);
    return;
  }

  // print the predictions
  ei_printf("Predictions ");
  ei_printf("(DSP: %d ms., Classification: %d ms., Anomaly: %d ms.)",
            result.timing.dsp, result.timing.classification, result.timing.anomaly);
  ei_printf(": \n");
  for (size_t ix = 0; ix < EI_CLASSIFIER_LABEL_COUNT; ix++) {
    ei_printf("    %s: %.5f\n", result.classification[ix].label, result.classification[ix].value);
  }

  if (result.classification[0].value >= 0.8) {
    ei_printf("Highly polluted air\r\n");
  }
  if (result.classification[2].value >= 0.8) {
    ei_printf("Slightly polluted air\r\n");
  }
  if (result.classification[3].value >= 0.8) {
    ei_printf("Clean air\r\n");
  }

#if EI_CLASSIFIER_HAS_ANOMALY == 1
  ei_printf("    anomaly score: %.3f\n", result.anomaly);
#endif
}

Credits

Christopher Mendez Martinez

Christopher Mendez Martinez

35 projects • 74 followers
Electronic Engineer and Tech YouTuber who loves automation, programming and sharing his knowledge with everyone.

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Related channels and tags
  • Adafruit
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