Aniket Mindhe
Published

Obstacle Avoiding Robot Using Servo Motor

A simple obstacle avoiding robot developed on Arduino platform.

IntermediateFull instructions provided2 hours11,634
Obstacle Avoiding Robot Using Servo Motor

Things used in this project

Hardware components

Arduino UNO
Arduino UNO
×1
Dual H-Bridge motor drivers L298
SparkFun Dual H-Bridge motor drivers L298
×1
Ultrasonic Sensor - HC-SR04 (Generic)
Ultrasonic Sensor - HC-SR04 (Generic)
×1
SG90 Micro-servo motor
SG90 Micro-servo motor
×1
Battery - 18650 - 7800mAh- 3.7V
×1
Battery Holder, 18650 x 2
Battery Holder, 18650 x 2
×1
9V battery (generic)
9V battery (generic)
×1
9V to Barrel Jack Connector
9V to Barrel Jack Connector
×1
BO Motor - Straight - 300rpm
×2
Jumper wires (generic)
Jumper wires (generic)
×1
Ball Caster Wheel
×1
Chasis - Eg. Plastic Box Cover, Acrylic Sheet, Metal Sheet
×1
Toggle Switch, (Off)-On
Toggle Switch, (Off)-On
×1

Software apps and online services

Arduino IDE
Arduino IDE

Hand tools and fabrication machines

Tape, Double Sided
Tape, Double Sided
Soldering iron (generic)
Soldering iron (generic)
Solder Wire, Lead Free
Solder Wire, Lead Free

Story

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Schematics

Obstacle Avoiding Robot Using Servo Motor

Connect them and get going !

Code

Obstacle Avoiding Robot Using Servo Motor

C/C++
Download/Copy-Paste and compile+upload it using Arduino IDE.
#include <Servo.h> //Servo motor library
#include <NewPing.h> //Ultrasonic sensor function library

const int LeftForward = 11;// L298N control pins
const int LeftBackward = 10;
const int RightForward = 13;
const int RightBackward = 12;

#define trig_pin A1 //sensor pins - analog input 1
#define echo_pin A2 //analog input 2
#define maximum_distance 200

boolean goesForward = false;
int distance = 100;

NewPing sonar(trig_pin, echo_pin, maximum_distance); //sensor function
Servo servo_motor; //servo name

void setup(){
  pinMode(RightForward, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(LeftForward, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(LeftBackward, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(RightBackward, OUTPUT);
  servo_motor.attach(7); //servo pin
  servo_motor.write(115);
  delay(2000);
  distance = readPing();
  delay(100);
  distance = readPing();
  delay(100);
  distance = readPing();
  delay(100);
  distance = readPing();
  delay(100);
}

void loop(){
  int distanceRight = 0;
  int distanceLeft = 0;
  delay(50);
   if (distance <= 20){
    moveStop(); // obstacle probably on the route forward, so stop
    delay(300);
    moveBackward();
    delay(400);
    moveStop();
    delay(300);
    distanceRight = lookRight();
    delay(300);
    distanceLeft = lookLeft();
    delay(300);
    if (distance >= distanceLeft){
      turnRight(); // calculate in which direction the obstacle is more far
      moveStop();
    }
    else{
      turnLeft();
      moveStop();
    }
  }
  else{
    moveForward(); 
  }
    distance = readPing();
}

int lookRight(){  
  servo_motor.write(50);
  delay(500);
  int distance = readPing();
  delay(100);
  servo_motor.write(115);
  return distance;
}

int lookLeft(){
  servo_motor.write(170);
  delay(500);
  int distance = readPing();
  delay(100);
  servo_motor.write(115);
  return distance;
  delay(100);
}

int readPing(){
  delay(70);
  int cm = sonar.ping_cm();
  if (cm==0){
    cm=250;
  }
  return cm;
}

void moveStop(){
  digitalWrite(RightForward, LOW);
  digitalWrite(LeftForward, LOW);
  digitalWrite(RightBackward, LOW);
  digitalWrite(LeftBackward, LOW);
}

void moveForward(){
  if(!goesForward){
    goesForward=true;
    digitalWrite(LeftForward, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(RightForward, HIGH);
    digitalWrite(LeftBackward, LOW);
    digitalWrite(RightBackward, LOW); 
  }
}

void moveBackward(){
  goesForward=false;
  digitalWrite(LeftBackward, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(RightBackward, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(LeftForward, LOW);
  digitalWrite(RightForward, LOW);
}

void turnRight(){
  digitalWrite(LeftForward, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(RightBackward, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(LeftBackward, LOW);
  digitalWrite(RightForward, LOW);
  delay(500);
  digitalWrite(LeftForward, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(RightForward, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(LeftBackward, LOW);
  digitalWrite(RightBackward, LOW);
}

void turnLeft(){
  digitalWrite(LeftBackward, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(RightForward, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(LeftForward, LOW);
  digitalWrite(RightBackward, LOW);
  delay(500);
  digitalWrite(LeftForward, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(RightForward, HIGH);
  digitalWrite(LeftBackward, LOW);
  digitalWrite(RightBackward, LOW);
}

Credits

Aniket Mindhe

Aniket Mindhe

7 projects • 20 followers
Undergrad Electronics Engineering Student at D.J Sanghvi C.O.E.-Mumbai

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