The robot has been developed and programmed by I.C. 4093 control. Designed to move independently and avoid obstacles by either moving left, right or backward. Then the robot will move forward by using infrared sensors to adjust their moving. Obstacles avoider programmer uses Otto 4 legs which rely upon two infrared emitter & a receiver to sense obstacles in its environment then the program will order to avoid the obstacle by either stop, moving backward, or change direction to move forward. First and foremost the two sensors are connected at the front of the robot to sense the obstacle. The sensor consists of an IR led and IR sensor pair, the light transmitted from the led is reflected from the obstacle which comes in front of the robot. The reflected light is sensed by the sensor and the resistance decreases and the output voltage increases, which is passed through the diode and then the I.C. pin no. 12 & 13 of 1/4 NAND GATE is held logically high which makes pin no. 11 low and then fed to pin no. 8 & 9 of 1/3 NAND GATE results in pin no. 10 high, the logic high thus received is fed to the another two NAND gates 1/1 and 1/2 for the motion of two motors. When the output logic is high at the pin no. 10 of I.C. 4093 (QUAD NAND GATE) and is fed to other NAND gates 1/1 and 1/2 to get the logic low as output at pin no. 3 and 4. The transistor bridge system is connected to increase the current for the motors to run. Two PNP transistors 9012 and four NPN 9013 transistors are connected to make the motor drive efficiently. Two such transistor array is connected for the two motors to drive the robot. The sensitivity of both the sensors can be adjusted by adjusting the respective potentiometer resistance.
Schematic Diagram:
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