Controlling Led Connected to GPIO Pin Via Bluetooth of Visio

Bluetooth is a wireless technology that can transfer data over a short range of distance between seven devices. Today, every mobile device, stereo system, mp4 player, laptop, computer, and many more things are equipped with an OnBoard Bluetooth module. In the eld of robotics and Electronics, we are also using Bluetooth technology for controlling our robots, our robotic cars, less, and many more things. We can make a whole automation system based on Bluetooth. We can control anything we want with our mobile devices via Bluetooth. Some famous boards like Raspberry pi, and VisionFive are single-board computers and they are equipped with Bluetooth modules. Arduino is a microcontroller development board, although its most famous variants don't have an onboard Bluetooth module, options like HC-05 and HC-06 can be utilized in this case. In nutshell, Bluetooth is a feasible and widely available tool to control things. In my case, I have VisionFive, which is a RISC-V computer designed to run Linux. It can be the best option for robotics. Luckily VisionFive comes with Bluetooth 4.2 (BLE). So I am going to use its Bluetooth module to control GPIOs.This includes some le manipulation so we need to be careful otherwise good luck with nding solutions to the problems you created, on stack over7ow.

Note: The process is the same for Raspberry pi. All you will have to do will be to change the gpio pin numbers and some commands like Dnf and so.

Step 1: Configuring Bluetooth for Serial Communication

The serial port is not con figured on both, VisionFive and Raspberry Pi, by default. So we have to enable Serial Port Pro le manually.

SPP(Serial Port Profile)

The original purpose of Bluetooth was to replace the RS-232 cables. But by emulating the SPP we can configure the Bluetooth as they were just using RX and TX lines for data transfer. Moreover, it is the most fundamental pro le. And is great for sending bursts of data between devices.

So how to do it? Let me help you with that. Since SPP is not available by default but we can use Linux's Sdptool.

Enabling SPP

Execute the following command in your terminal.

sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.bluez.service

this will take you to a le that you have to edit now. Look for a line starting with "ExecStart", at the end of this line add "-C". Press Enter and you will be on a new line. There you have to add this line:

ExecStartPost=/usr/bin/sdptool add SP

That's it. Now press Ctrl + S to save the le. Once it is saved, we can close it by pressing Ctrl + Z. Now if you have successfully saved your le, we can reload it. o do so Execute the following command:

sudo systemctl daemon-reload

after executing this command, it may take 1 or 2 seconds, after that you will be back on your serial terminal line. Now we can restart the services.

sudo systemctl restart bluetooth.service

Great! We have successfully enabled the SPP on our VisionFive. Now we can pair our devices with our VisionFive. For that either do it manually by clicking on the Bluetooth icon. Or execute the following commands in your serial terminal.

bluetoothctl

discoverable on Turn your mobile's Bluetooth on and pair it with your VisionFive. In my case, its name was "RISCV". [ScreenShot]

sudo rfcomm watch hci0

The upper command will help you to see whether the connection was successful or not. If the connection is successful then you will be able to see the connected device's ID.

If it is done then we can move on to viewing and monitoring our data. Open a separate terminal for the following procedure. For that, there are several tools available on Linux. We will use the Minicom tool. In my case, it was pre-installed, but if you don't nd it by executing this command you can install it with:

sudo dnf install minicom -y

But I'll skip it since I already have it. Execute the following command in this new terminal that you have opened separately. [Check The Screenshot]

sudo minicom -b 9600 -o -D /dev/rfcomm0

Baudrate can be changed with 115200 or something else if you get garbage values. But in most cases, 9600 will do the work since it is a standard value. If you have everything done correctly, then until now, you have two serial Terminals opened on your desktop. On the first one, you will be seeing that your device has been paired up with your VisionFive, and on the second Your Minicom screen is up and running. And your mobile device is also in your hand. Now if you type and send anything from the serial terminal of your App. You will be able to see it on your minicom screen. [ScreenShot added]

Ta-Da............... It's done.

Step 2: Interfacing Bluetooth With Python

Python code is really simple. All we have to do is to import the Bluetooth library and connect. The data we will be receiving will be in the following format:

b'Hello world'\r\n

We can remove \r\n which is a carriage return and new line feed. For that simply go to the setting of your App and there select the option: none That's it. Now our data will be in byte format, i.e,

b'Hello World'

This can be cleared by decoding our data. And now we can use our data with python code. I have already discussed how to use GPIOs on VisionFive so I'll not cover that. Download the le from the Github account ( Link is given). and run it.

Note: Before Running the python script make sure Both devices are paired. And also no need to do anything else.

Just:

• Pair both Devices
• Run the Sketch
• Connect the app or Refresh the status by connecting and reconnecting the serial Terminal of the App while the script is running.
• If any error related to {already in use} appears, simply restart the Bluetooth service.

Step 3: Circuit Diagram

Connect everything according to the circuit diagram.

Step 4: It's Done

Connect everything according to the circuit diagram. Now if you have done everything correctly then this project will be up and running. If you have missed anything or any error is popping up then reread everything carefully and execute every command carefully. If this still doesn't solve your problem then try to understand the statement of error. Google it if necessary. Go the Stackover7ow if necessary and that solves everything.