For most of our Arduino projects that need to detect when a person has left or entered the area or has approached, HC-SR501 PIR sensors are a great choice. They are low power and low cost, pretty rugged, have a wide lens range, easy to interface with, and are insanely popular among hobbyists. Click here
HC-SR501 PIR sensor has three output pins VCC, Output and Ground as shown in the diagram below. It has a built-in voltage regulator so it can be powered by any DC voltage from 4.5 to 12 volts, typically 5V is used.
The wiring for this experiment is very simple. Batteries are connected across VCC and GND of the sensor and a small Red LED is connected to the output pin through a 220Ω current limiting resistor. That’s it!
Now when the PIR detects motion, the output pin will go “high” and light up the LED!
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