Important Concepts of Components used in this project
1. Relay Module
2.Flame Sensor
Working of the Project

Published July 12, 2020 © GPL3+

Firefighting Robot Car

This Robotic car can detect if there is flame nearby and can extinguish it autonomously.

IntermediateShowcase (no instructions)4 hours7,874

Things used in this project

Hardware components

SparkFun Arduino Pro Mini 328 - 5V/16MHz

Brain of the Project

ControlEverything.com 1-Channel Signal Relay 1A SPDT I²C Mini Module

Breadboard (generic)

SparkFun Dual H-Bridge motor drivers L298

Motor driver to drive two motors

water pump Motor

Geared DC Motor, 12 V

Light Pipe, 15.9 mm

will be used by motor to throw motor

Panel, Chassis Cover

wheels

Jumper wires (generic)

Software apps and online services

Arduino IDE

Hand tools and fabrication machines

Wire Stripper & Cutter, 18-10 AWG / 0.75-4mm² Capacity Wires

Tape, Double Sided

Scissor, Electrician

Hot glue gun (generic)

Story

Description: I always wanted to build a autonomous firefighter car that can extinguish fire. Due to my intense interest in this idea I was motivated to build this project and finally I built it :)

Important Concepts of Components used in this project

1. Relay Module

A relay is an electrically operated switch that can be turned on or off, letting the current go through or not, and can be controlled with low voltages, like the 5V provided by the Arduino pins.
This relay module has 1 channel. There are other variants with 2, 4 and 8 channels.

Single Channel Relay Module

The high-voltage side has one connector, each with three sockets: common (COM), normally closed (NC), and normally open (NO).

COM: common pin

NC (Normally Closed): the normally closed configuration is used when you want the relay to be closed by default, meaning the current is flowing unless you send a signal from the Arduino to the relay module to open the circuit and stop the current.

NO (Normally Open): the normally open configuration works the other way around: the relay is always open, so the circuit is broken unless you send a signal from the Arduino to close the circuit.

2.Flame Sensor

A Flame Sensor is a device that can be used to detect presence of a fire source or any other bright light sources.
This particular flame sensor is based on YG1006 NPN Photo Transistor. The black object at the front of the module is this Photo Transistor.
This photo transistor is coated with black epoxy, making it sensitive to Infrared radiations and this particular Photo Transistor (YG1006) is sensitive to Infrared Radiation in the wavelength range of 760nm to 1100nm.
There are two types of implementations of Flame Sensors using YG1006 Photo Transistor: one is with both Analog Output and Digital Output while the other is with only the Digital Output.
It has 4 pins : VCC, Ground, D0, A0

A 4 pin Flame Sensor

Working of the Project

When the temperature rises or if there is a fire nearby the photo transistor detects it radiation and the D0 pin goes high.
Arduino gets the output of flame sensor which sends signals to the relay module making it close the circuit.
so Relay module closes circuit and this activates the water pump. water is exited through the pipe attached to the pump and fire is extinguished.
This whole process which takes place is autonomous

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Video : Do not forget to check the working video of this cool firefighting Robot Car :)

Firefighting Robot Car.ino

int P = 2;
int fp= 8;
int M1 =3;
int M2 =4;
int M3 =5;
int M4=6;
int ENA =9;
int ENB =10;
int Tp=11;
int Ep=12;
int detect;

void forward()
{
  digitalWrite(M1,LOW);
  digitalWrite(M2,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(M3,LOW);
  digitalWrite(M4,HIGH);
  analogWrite(ENA , 255);
  analogWrite(ENB , 255);
}

void backward()
{
  digitalWrite(M1,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(M2,LOW);
  digitalWrite(M3,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(M4,LOW);
  analogWrite(ENA , 255);
  analogWrite(ENB , 255);
}

void Right()
{ 
  digitalWrite(M1,HIGH);
  digitalWrite(M2,LOW);
  digitalWrite(M3,LOW);
  digitalWrite(M4,LOW);
  analogWrite(ENA , 255);
  analogWrite(ENB , 0);
}

void Left()
{
  digitalWrite(M1,LOW);
  digitalWrite(M2,LOW);
  digitalWrite(M3,LOW);
  digitalWrite(M4,HIGH);
  analogWrite(ENA , 0);
  analogWrite(ENB , 255);
}

void pause()
{
  digitalWrite(M1,LOW);
  digitalWrite(M2,LOW);
  digitalWrite(M3,LOW);
  digitalWrite(M4,LOW);
  analogWrite(ENA , 0);
  analogWrite(ENB , 0);
}

void Random()
{
  forward();
  delay(2000);
  Right();
  delay(2500);
  backward();
  delay(1000);
  Left();
  delay(2500);
  pause();
}

void setup() 
{
  Serial.begin(9600);
  pinMode(P, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(Ep, INPUT);
  pinMode(Tp,OUTPUT);
  pinMode(M1, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(M2, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(M3, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(M4, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(ENA,OUTPUT);
  pinMode(ENB,OUTPUT);
}

void loop() 
{
  detect= digitalRead(fp);
  Serial.print("Alert:");
  Serial.println(detect);
  
  if(detect==HIGH)
  {
    pause();
    delay(3000);
    digitalWrite(P, LOW);
    delay(2500);
    digitalWrite(P,HIGH);
    delay(1500);
    backward();
    delay(2000);
    pause();
    delay(1000);
    Left();
    delay(1700);
  }
  else
  {
    digitalWrite(P, HIGH);
    delay(2000);
    backward();
    delay(2000);
    pause();
  }
}

Credits

Varun walimbe

15 projects • 69 followers

I like to innovate and make different types of Robots and systems that thrive to make human lives easier :)

Firefighting Robot Car