Photon HVAC 4-Zone Damper Controller and Logging

/*
  This is a library written for the Qwiic OpenLog
  SparkFun sells these at its website: www.sparkfun.com
  Do you like this library? Help support SparkFun. Buy a board!
  https://www.sparkfun.com/products/14641
  Written by Nathan Seidle @ SparkFun Electronics, February 2nd, 2018
  Qwiic OpenLog makes it very easy to record data over I2C to a microSD.
  This library handles the initialization of the Qwiic OpenLog and the calculations
  to get the temperatures.
  https://github.com/sparkfun/SparkFun_Qwiic_OpenLog_Arduino_Library
  Development environment specifics:
  Arduino IDE 1.8.3
  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
  GNU General Public License for more details.
  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses></http:>.
*/

#pragma once

#if (ARDUINO >= 100)
#include "Arduino.h"
#else
#include "WProgram.h"
#endif

#include <Wire.h>

//The default I2C address for the Qwiic OpenLog is 0x2A (42). 0x29 is also possible.
#define QOL_DEFAULT_ADDRESS (uint8_t)42

//Bits found in the getStatus() byte
#define STATUS_SD_INIT_GOOD 0
#define STATUS_LAST_COMMAND_SUCCESS 1
#define STATUS_LAST_COMMAND_KNOWN 2
#define STATUS_FILE_OPEN 3
#define STATUS_IN_ROOT_DIRECTORY 4

//Platform specific configurations

//Define the size of the I2C buffer based on the platform the user has
//-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=
#if defined(__AVR_ATmega328P__) || defined(__AVR_ATmega168__)

//I2C_BUFFER_LENGTH is defined in Wire.H
#define I2C_BUFFER_LENGTH BUFFER_LENGTH

#elif defined(__SAMD21G18A__)

//SAMD21 uses RingBuffer.h
#define I2C_BUFFER_LENGTH SERIAL_BUFFER_SIZE

#elif __MK20DX256__
//Teensy

#elif ARDUINO_ARCH_ESP32
//ESP32 based platforms

#else

//The catch-all default is 32
#define I2C_BUFFER_LENGTH 32

#endif
//-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=-=


class OpenLog : public Print {

  public:
  
	struct memoryMap {
		byte id;
		byte status;
		byte firmwareMajor;
		byte firmwareMinor;
		byte i2cAddress;
		byte logInit;
		byte createFile;
		byte mkDir;
		byte cd;
		byte readFile;
		byte startPosition;
		byte openFile;
		byte writeFile;
		byte fileSize;
		byte list;
		byte rm;
		byte rmrf;
    byte syncFile;
	};

	const memoryMap registerMap = {
		.id = 0x00,
		.status = 0x01,
		.firmwareMajor = 0x02,
		.firmwareMinor = 0x03,
		.i2cAddress = 0x1E,
		.logInit = 0x05,
		.createFile = 0x06,
		.mkDir = 0x07,
		.cd = 0x08,
		.readFile = 0x09,
		.startPosition = 0x0A,
		.openFile = 0x0B,
		.writeFile = 0x0C,
		.fileSize = 0x0D,
		.list = 0x0E,
		.rm = 0x0F,
		.rmrf = 0x10,
    .syncFile = 0x11,
	};
    //These functions override the built-in print functions so that when the user does an 
    //myLogger.println("send this"); it gets chopped up and sent over I2C instead of Serial
    virtual size_t write(uint8_t character);
    int writeString(String string);
    bool Println(String sString);
    bool syncFile(void);

    //By default use the default I2C addres, and use Wire port
    boolean begin(uint8_t deviceAddress = QOL_DEFAULT_ADDRESS, TwoWire &wirePort = Wire);
    boolean begin(int deviceAddress); 

    String getVersion(); //Returns a string that is the current firmware version
    uint8_t getStatus(); //Returns various status bits

    boolean setI2CAddress(uint8_t addr); //Set the I2C address we read and write to
    boolean append(String fileName); //Open and append to a file
    boolean create(String fileName); //Create a file but don't open it for writing
    boolean makeDirectory(String directoryName); //Create the given directory
    boolean changeDirectory(String directoryName); //Change to the given directory
    int32_t size(String fileName); //Given a file name, read the size of the file

    void read(uint8_t* userBuffer, uint16_t bufferSize, String fileName); //Read the contents of a file into the provided buffer

    boolean searchDirectory(String options); //Search the current directory for a given wildcard
    String getNextDirectoryItem(); //Return the next file or directory from the search

    uint32_t removeFile(String thingToDelete); //Remove file
    uint32_t removeDirectory(String thingToDelete); //Remove a directory including the contents of the directory
    uint32_t remove(String thingToDelete, boolean removeEverthing); //Remove file or directory including the contents of the directory

    //These are the core functions that send a command to OpenLog
    boolean sendCommand(uint8_t registerNumber, String option1);

  private:

    //Variables
    TwoWire *_i2cPort; //The generic connection to user's chosen I2C hardware
    uint8_t _deviceAddress; //Keeps track of I2C address. setI2CAddress changes this.
    uint8_t _escapeCharacter = 26; //The character that needs to be sent to QOL to get it into command mode
    uint8_t _escapeCharacterCount = 3; //Number of escape characters to get QOL into command mode

    boolean _searchStarted = false; //Goes true when user does a search. Goes false when we reach end of directory.
};

//make sure to add these libraries via the Libraries tab in the left sidebar
#include "Particle.h" //automatically included
#include "SparkFunBME280.h"
#include "Adafruit_CCS811.h"
#include "Arduino.h"
//#include <Wire.h>
#include "SparkFun_Qwiic_OpenLog_Arduino_Library.h" //local copy, revised
#include "TCA9548A-RK.h"
#include "RelayShield.h"
#include "Adafruit_MCP9808.h"

BME280 bme; // I2C 0x77, Mux Ch0 (I2C uses D0-1)
Adafruit_CCS811 ccs; // I2C 0x5B, Mux Ch0
Adafruit_MCP9808 mcp; // I2C 0x18, Mux Ch0, 250 ms per temp update
Adafruit_MCP9808 mcp1; // I2C 0x18, Mux Ch1
Adafruit_MCP9808 mcp2; // I2C 0x18, Mux Ch2
Adafruit_MCP9808 mcp3; // I2C 0x18, Mux Ch3
Adafruit_MCP9808 mcp4; // I2C 0x18, Mux Ch4
OpenLog myLog; // I2C 0x2A
TCA9548A mux(Wire, 0); //I2C 0x70
RelayShield myRelays; //RelayShield, D3-6

int boardLed = D7; //blink LED when code is running
//double dTime = 0.0; //used for cloud variable (e.g. time to log one line of data)
//unsigned long lastUpdate = 0; //used to calculate dTime in ms (e.g. to log each line of data)
double T; //Plenum - used for Logging
String sT; //used for cloud variable
double P; //used for Logging
String sP; //used for cloud variable
double H; //used for Logging
String sH; //used for cloud variable
double CO2; //used for Logging
String sCO2; //used for cloud variable
double TVOC; //used for Logging
String sTVOC; //used for cloud variable
double T0; //Plenum - used for Logging
String sT0; //used for cloud variable
double T1; //Room 1 - used for Logging
String sT1; //used for cloud variable
double T2; //Room 2 - used for Logging
String sT2; //used for cloud variable
double T3; //Room 3 - used for Logging
String sT3; //used for cloud variable
double T4; //Room 4 - used for Logging
String sT4; //used for cloud variable
#define TDeadband 0.9 //switch dampers on/off if above/below setpoint +/- Tdeadband (degrees C)
#define THysteresis 0.8 //require this much change in temperature after a damper has switched state, before another switch of state (degrees C)
#define ROOM1 1 //1st bedroom
#define ROOM2 2 //2nd bedroom
#define ROOM3 3 //3rd bedroom
#define ROOM4 4 //basement
float T1RoomSet; //desired Room 1 temperature
float T2RoomSet; //desired Room 2 temperature
float T3RoomSet; //desired Room 3 temperature
float T4RoomSet; //desired Room 4 temperature
#define OPENED 0
#define CLOSED 1
bool Damper1SelectedPosition; //damper SelectedPosition for Room 1
bool Damper2SelectedPosition; //damper SelectedPosition for Room 2
bool Damper3SelectedPosition; //damper SelectedPosition for Room 3
bool Damper4SelectedPosition; //damper SelectedPosition for Room 4
#define AUTO 0
#define MANUAL 1
bool Damper1Mode; //damper mode for Room 1 (Auto/Manual)
bool Damper2Mode; //damper mode for Room 2
bool Damper3Mode; //damper mode for Room 3
bool Damper4Mode; //damper mode for Room 4
unsigned long lYear; //   4 digit year, e.g. 2019
unsigned long lMonth; //  1-12 month
unsigned long lDay; //    1-31 day
unsigned long lHour; //   0-23 hour
unsigned long lMinute; // 0-59
unsigned long lLastMinute; // check every 30 s to see if minute logged already, so no minutes get missed, which does otherwise occur
String sDate = "2019-09-14"; //example
String sTime = "23:45:00"; //example
String sLogFileName = "default.txt"; //example
String sBuf = ""; //use global buffer (and above variables) to reduce stack usage, especially in timers
String sDampersStatus = "A1onM2offA3offA4on"; //example: Damper Mode: A = AUTO, M = MANUAL, Damper Position: on = OPENED, off = CLOSED
String sTSet = "23.0 23.0 23.0 23.0"; //example: Damper temperature trigger setpoints
int iReboots;  //use this to count the number of CPU boots (e.g. due to power failures)

void AddHeaderToLogFile() {
    //lastUpdate = millis(); //time since the program started, in msec (overflows in ~49 days)
    lYear = Time.year(); // 4 digit year
    lMonth = Time.month(); //1-12 month
    lDay = Time.day(); //1-31 day
    sDate = String(lYear) + "-";
    if (lMonth < 10) sDate += "0"; //make sure 2 digits so file is aligned
    sDate += String(lMonth) + "-";
    if (lDay < 10) sDate += "0"; //make sure 2 digits so file is aligned
    sDate += String(lDay); // e.g. 2019-09-07
    sLogFileName = String(lYear);
    if (lMonth < 10) sLogFileName += "0"; //make sure 2 digits for month
    sLogFileName += String(lMonth);
    if (lDay < 10) sLogFileName += "0"; //make sure 2 digits for day
    sLogFileName += String(lDay) + ".txt"; //e.g. 20190907.txt (max 8.3 digits)
    myLog.append(sLogFileName); //append or create new Log file and send subsequent text to it (e.g. new day, after midnight)
    delay(1); // give it time?
    sBuf = "Date,Time,T0(C),T1(C),T2(C),T3(C),T4(C),T1Set(C),T2Set(C),T3Set(C),T4Set(C),DSelStatus,T(C),P(kPa),RH(%),CO2(ppm),TVOC(ppb)";
    myLog.Println(sBuf); //custom routine that adds 1 ms delay between each character, otherwise some characters get lost
	//dTime = millis() - lastUpdate; //typically about 0.67 ms
}

void logInfo() { //Timers have limited stack space, so use some global variables
    //lastUpdate = millis(); //time since the program started, in msec (overflows in ~49 days)
	lMinute = Time.minute();
    if (lLastMinute != lMinute) { //only log data once a minute
	    if (lYear != Time.year() || lMonth != Time.month() || lDay != Time.day()) { //if a new day, create a new file + header
    	    AddHeaderToLogFile();
    	    Particle.syncTime(); //keep time correct, updating at the start of every day
    	}
    	lHour = Time.hour();
    	sTime = "";
    	if (lHour < 10) sTime += "0"; //make sure 2 digits so file is aligned
    	sTime += String(lHour) + ":";
    	if (lMinute < 10) sTime += "0"; //make sure 2 digits so file is aligned
    	sTime += String(lMinute) + ":00"; //e.g. "23:45:00"
    	sBuf = sDate + "," + sTime + ","; //sDate updated in AddHeaderToLogFile()
    	sBuf += String(T0,1) + "," + String(T1,1) + "," + String(T2,1) + "," + String(T3,1) + "," + String(T4,1) + ",";
    	sBuf += String(T1RoomSet,1) + "," + String(T2RoomSet,1) + "," + String(T3RoomSet,1) + "," + String(T4RoomSet,1) + ",";
    	sBuf += sDampersStatus + ","; //e.g. "A1onM2offA3offA4on" A = AUTO, M = MANUAL, on = OPENED, off = CLOSED
    	sBuf += String(T,1) + "," + String(P,1) + "," + String(H,0) + "," + String(CO2,0) + "," + String(TVOC,0);
    	myLog.Println(sBuf);
    	lLastMinute = lMinute;
    }
    //dTime = millis() - lastUpdate; //typically about 0.54 s (plus about 0.67 s if new file created for a new day + header added)
}
// create a software timer to log Temp, Press, Humid, CO2, TVOC, Damper Status every minute (takes about 0.67 s)
Timer timer1(30000, logInfo); //log data every 60 s, but check every 30 s, so no minutes get dropped (can otherwise happen, although very infrequent)

void getTempPlus() {
    digitalWrite(boardLed,HIGH); //blink LED whenever in this routine
    //lastUpdate = millis(); //time since the program started, in msec (overflows in ~49 days)
    //dTime = 0.0; //set to zero at start of routine, so if routine hangs, it will not get updated
    float fT, fP, fH, fC, fV;
    int iT, iP, iH;
    
    //first, wake up all mcp devices (takes 250 ms until a new temperature value is available)
    mux.setChannel(0); //enable Mux to Ch0, Plenum
    mcp.shutdown_wake(0); //wakeup
    mux.setChannel(1); //enable Mux to Ch1 (Room 1)
    mcp1.shutdown_wake(0); //wakeup
    mux.setChannel(2); //enable Mux to Ch2 (Room 2)
    mcp2.shutdown_wake(0); //wakeup
    mux.setChannel(3); //enable Mux to Ch3 (Room 3)
    mcp3.shutdown_wake(0); //wakeup
    mux.setChannel(4); //enable Mux to Ch4 (Room 4)
    mcp4.shutdown_wake(0); //wakeup
    mux.setNoChannel(); //disable Mux
    delay(260); //delay at least 250 ms for sensors to wake up and get temperatures
    
    mux.setChannel(0); //enable Mux to Ch0, Plenum
    fT = bme.readTempC(); // degrees C (used only for compensation of ccs)
    ccs.setTempOffset(fT - 25.0); // compensation for CCS811
    iT = (fT*10) + 0.5; //to use only 1 decimal, rounded
    fT = iT;
    T = fT/10;
    sT = String(T,1);
    fP = bme.readFloatPressure(); // Pascals
    iP = (fP+0.5)/100; // rounded to 0.1 kPa
    fP = iP;
    P = fP/10; // kPa with 1 decimal
    sP = String(P,1);
    fH = bme.readFloatHumidity(); //%
    iH = fH + 0.5; //to use 0 decimals, rounded
    fH = iH;
    H = fH;
    sH = String(H,0);
    if(ccs.available()){
        if(!ccs.readData()) {
            fC = ccs.geteCO2(); // ppm
            CO2 = fC;
            sCO2 = String(CO2,0);
    
            fV = ccs.getTVOC(); //ppb
            TVOC = fV;
            sTVOC = String(TVOC,0);
        }
    } else {
        //Serial.println("CCS811 not available at time: " + String(millis()));
    }
    fT = mcp.readTempC(); // degrees C
    iT = (fT*10) + 0.5; //to use only 1 decimal, rounded
    fT = iT;
    T0 = fT/10;
    sT0 = String(T0,1);
    mcp.shutdown_wake(1); //shutdown, to reduce power (and self heating)
    
    mux.setChannel(1); //enable Mux to Ch1 (Room 1)
    fT = mcp1.readTempC(); // degrees C
    iT = (fT*10) + 0.5; //to use only 1 decimal, rounded
    fT = iT;
    T1 = fT/10;
    sT1 = String(T1,1);
    mcp1.shutdown_wake(1); //shutdown, to reduce power (and self heating)

    mux.setChannel(2); //enable Mux to Ch2 (Room 2)
    fT = mcp2.readTempC(); // degrees C
    iT = (fT*10) + 0.5; //to use only 1 decimal, rounded
    fT = iT;
    T2 = fT/10;
    sT2 = String(T2,1);
    mcp2.shutdown_wake(1); //shutdown, to reduce power (and self heating)
    
    mux.setChannel(3); //enable Mux to Ch3 (Room 3)
    fT = mcp3.readTempC(); // degrees C
    iT = (fT*10) + 0.5; //to use only 1 decimal, rounded
    fT = iT;
    T3 = fT/10;
    sT3 = String(T3,1);
    mcp3.shutdown_wake(1); //shutdown, to reduce power (and self heating)

    mux.setChannel(4); //enable Mux to Ch4 (Room 4)
    fT = mcp4.readTempC(); // degrees C
    iT = (fT*10) + 0.5; //to use only 1 decimal, rounded
    fT = iT;
    T4 = fT/10;
    sT4 = String(T4,1);
    mcp4.shutdown_wake(1); //shutdown, to reduce power (and self heating)

    mux.setNoChannel(); //disable Mux
    
    //dTime = millis() - lastUpdate; //typically 0.28 s, only zero when routine is not running (e.g. errors with temperature sensors?)

    digitalWrite(boardLed,LOW);
}
// create a software timer to obtain new readings of Temp+ every 10 seconds
Timer timer2(10000, getTempPlus); //update Temp, Press, Humid, CO2, TVOC every 10 s

// used to display a list of the room setpoint temperatures on an iPhone
void sTSetUpdate () {
    sTSet = String(T1RoomSet,1);
    sTSet += " ";
    sTSet += String(T2RoomSet,1);
    sTSet += " ";
    sTSet += String(T3RoomSet,1);
    sTSet += " ";
    sTSet += String(T4RoomSet,1);
}

// use a Particle Function to change the room 1 temperature setpoint
int TSetRoom1Day (String command) {
    float temp = command.toFloat(); //convert text String of digits to float (stops on first non-digit char, or end of string)
    if ((temp < 15.0) || (temp > 30.0)) {
        T1RoomSet = 23.0; //if bad value specified, default to 23 C
        return -1; //warn user that a bad value was provided
    }
    T1RoomSet = temp;
    sTSetUpdate();
    EEPROM.put(10, temp); //put update here, so only use function when absolutely necessary (NOTE: only use local variables in Particle Function)
    return 1;
}

// use a Particle Function to change the room 2 temperature setpoint
int TSetRoom2Day (String command) {
    float temp = command.toFloat(); //convert text String of digits to float (stops on first non-digit char, or end of string)
    if ((temp < 15.0) || (temp > 30.0)) {
        T2RoomSet = 23.0; //if bad value specified, default to 23 C
        return -1; //warn user that a bad value was provided
    }
    T2RoomSet = temp;
    sTSetUpdate();
    EEPROM.put(20, temp); //put update here, so only use function when absolutely necessary (NOTE: only use local variables in Particle Function)
    return 1;
}

// use a Particle Function to change the room 3 temperature setpoint
int TSetRoom3Day (String command) {
    float temp = command.toFloat(); //convert text String of digits to float (stops on first non-digit char, or end of string)
    if ((temp < 15.0) || (temp > 30.0)) {
        T3RoomSet = 23.0; //if bad value specified, default to 23 C
        return -1; //warn user that a bad value was provided
    }
    T3RoomSet = temp;
    sTSetUpdate();
    EEPROM.put(30, temp); //put update here, so only use function when absolutely necessary (NOTE: only use local variables in Particle Function)
    return 1;
}

// use a Particle Function to change the room 4 temperature setpoint
int TSetRoom4 (String command) {
    float temp = command.toFloat(); //convert text String of digits to float (stops on first non-digit char, or end of string)
    if ((temp < 15.0) || (temp > 30.0)) {
        T4RoomSet = 23.0; //if bad value specified, default to 23 C
        return -1; //warn user that a bad value was provided
    }
    T4RoomSet = temp;
    sTSetUpdate();
    EEPROM.put(40, temp); //put update here, so only use function when absolutely necessary (NOTE: only use local variables in Particle Function)
    return 1;
}

// use a Particle Function to reset the iReboots value to 0
int ResetiReboots (String command) { //allow any text to reset the value of iReboots to 0
    iReboots = 0;
    EEPROM.put(0, 0);
    return 1;
}

int sDampersMPdesired (String command) { // command = "4AC" = Damper #1-4, then Mode: A = AUTO, M = MANUAL, then Position: O = OPENED, C = CLOSED (optional if Auto)
    int iRoom;
    bool bMode, bStatus;
    
    iRoom = command.toInt();
    if ((iRoom < 1) || (iRoom > 4)) return -1; // valid Room 1 to 4 not found (or number after 1st digit)
    switch (command.charAt(1)) {
        case 'A':
        case 'a':
            bMode = AUTO;
            break;
        case 'M':
        case 'm':
            bMode = MANUAL;
            break;
        default:
            return -1;
    }
    switch (command.charAt(2)) {
        case 'C':
        case 'c':
            bStatus = CLOSED;
            break;
        default:
            bStatus = OPENED; //default to OPENED (even if 3rd char is missing)
    }
    switch (iRoom) {
        case 1:
            if (bMode == AUTO) {
                Damper1Mode = AUTO;
            } else {
                Damper1Mode = MANUAL;
                if (bStatus == OPENED) {
                    Damper1SelectedPosition = OPENED;
                    myRelays.off(ROOM1); //open damper
                } else {
                    Damper1SelectedPosition = CLOSED;
                    myRelays.on(ROOM1); //close damper
                }
            }
            break;
        case 2:
            if (bMode == AUTO) {
                Damper2Mode = AUTO;
            } else {
                Damper2Mode = MANUAL;
                if (bStatus == OPENED) {
                    Damper2SelectedPosition = OPENED;
                    myRelays.off(ROOM2); //open damper
                } else {
                    Damper2SelectedPosition = CLOSED;
                    myRelays.on(ROOM2); //close damper
                }
            }
            break;
        case 3:
            if (bMode == AUTO) {
                Damper3Mode = AUTO;
            } else {
                Damper3Mode = MANUAL;
                if (bStatus == OPENED) {
                    Damper3SelectedPosition = OPENED;
                    myRelays.off(ROOM3); //open damper
                } else {
                    Damper3SelectedPosition = CLOSED;
                    myRelays.on(ROOM3); //close damper
                }
            }
            break;
        case 4:
            if (bMode == AUTO) {
                Damper4Mode = AUTO;
            } else {
                Damper4Mode = MANUAL;
                if (bStatus == OPENED) {
                    Damper4SelectedPosition = OPENED;
                    myRelays.off(ROOM4); //open damper
                } else {
                    Damper4SelectedPosition = CLOSED;
                    myRelays.on(ROOM4); //close damper
                }
            }
            break;
    }
    return 1;
}

bool OpenDamper(int Room) { //determine if a room damper should be opened or closed
    float TSet, TRoom, TPlenum, TOffset;
    int StartHour, FinishHour;
    bool DamperSelPos;
    switch (lMonth) { //(force cold air upstairs, hot air downstairs)
        case 1:
        case 2:
        case 11:
        case 12: // winter with no DST
            StartHour = 20; //8 PM
            FinishHour = 3; //3 AM
            break;
        case 6:
        case 7:
        case 8: //summer, with DST offset
            StartHour = 18; //7 PM DST
            FinishHour = 4; //5 AM DST
            break;
        case 3:
        case 4:
        case 5:
        case 9:
        case 10: //spring & fall with some DST
            StartHour = 19; //7 PM, 8 PM DST
            FinishHour = 3; //3 AM, 4 AM DST
            break;
    }
    switch (Room) {
        case ROOM1:
            TSet = T1RoomSet;
            if ((lHour > StartHour) || (lHour < FinishHour)) TSet -= 2.0; //lower temperature at night
            TRoom = T1;
            DamperSelPos = Damper1SelectedPosition; //present Damper position
            break;
        case ROOM2:
            TSet = T2RoomSet;
            if ((lHour > StartHour) || (lHour < FinishHour)) TSet -= 2.0; //lower temperature at night
            TRoom = T2;
            DamperSelPos = Damper2SelectedPosition; //present Damper position
            break;
        case ROOM3:
            TSet = T3RoomSet;
            if ((lHour > StartHour) || (lHour < FinishHour)) TSet -= 2.0; //lower temperature at night
            TRoom = T3;
            DamperSelPos = Damper3SelectedPosition; //present Damper position
            break;
        case ROOM4: //no temperature setback (basement)
            TSet = T4RoomSet;
            TRoom = T4;
            DamperSelPos = Damper4SelectedPosition; //present Damper position
    }
    TPlenum = T0;
    if (TPlenum < 5) return TRUE; // keep damper open if there is a temperature issue
    if (TPlenum > 80) return TRUE; // keep damper open if there is a temperature issue
    if (TRoom < 5) return TRUE; // keep damper open if there is a temperature issue
    if (TRoom > 40) return TRUE; // keep damper open if there is a temperature issue
    if (TSet < 5) return TRUE; // keep damper open if there is a temperature issue
    if (TSet > 40) return TRUE; // keep damper open if there is a temperature issue
    TOffset = TDeadband; //e.g. 0.9C above or below temperature setpoint
    if (DamperSelPos == CLOSED) { //if already closed, don't open until temperature rises/drops by THysteresis amount
        TOffset -= THysteresis; //e.g. stay closed until 0.1C above or below temperature setpoint
    }
    if ((TPlenum > (TRoom+TOffset)) && (TRoom > (TSet+TOffset))) { //room is already too hot, so don't heat more
        return FALSE;
    }
    if ((TPlenum < (TRoom-TOffset)) && (TRoom < (TSet-TOffset))) { //room is already too cold, so don't cool more
        return FALSE;
    }
    return TRUE; //damper should be open for all other cases
}

// reset the system after 60 seconds if the application is unresponsive
ApplicationWatchdog wd(60000, System.reset);

void setup() {
    float tempT;
    pinMode(boardLed, OUTPUT); //use this blue LED to blink during code operation (setup + when temperatures are read)
	digitalWrite(boardLed, HIGH);
    
    // We are going to declare Particle.variable() here so that we can access the values from the cloud.
	//This registration must be completed within 30 s of connecting to the cloud, so do it first thing in setup
    //Particle.variable("d_Time_ms", dTime); //text description must NOT have any spaces
    //items are listed in alphabetical order on iPhone App
    Particle.variable("s_CO2_ppm", sCO2);
    Particle.variable("s_Dampers", sDampersStatus);
    Particle.variable("s_P_kPa", sP);
    Particle.variable("s_RH_Pct", sH);
    Particle.variable("s_T0_C", sT0);
    Particle.variable("s_T1234Set", sTSet);
    Particle.variable("s_T1_C", sT1);
    Particle.variable("s_T2_C", sT2);
    Particle.variable("s_T3_C", sT3);
    Particle.variable("s_T4_C", sT4);
    Particle.variable("s_TVOC_ppb", sTVOC);
    Particle.variable("s_T_C", sT);
    Particle.variable("N_Reboots", iReboots);

    Particle.function("T1S",TSetRoom1Day);
    Particle.function("T2S",TSetRoom2Day);
    Particle.function("T3S",TSetRoom3Day);
    Particle.function("T4S",TSetRoom4);
    Particle.function("D_Mode_Pos",sDampersMPdesired); //e.g. "4MC" = Damper 4, manual mode, close damper; "3a" = Damper 3, auto mode
    Particle.function("ResetReboots", ResetiReboots); //so the number of reboots can be reset back to 0
    
    EEPROM.get(0, iReboots); //The value gets incremented each time the CPU is re-booted.
    iReboots += 1;
    EEPROM.put(0, iReboots);
    
    mux.begin(); //I2C with 8  output channels (for all T/P/RH/CO2/TVOC), 5 used (0-4)
    mux.setNoChannel(); //disables all channels 0-7
    
    while(!myLog.begin(0x2A)){ //prepare OpenLog connection
        delay(1000); // 1 s
    }
    Time.zone(-5); //ignore DST (separately deal with time/temperature variations throughout the year)
    AddHeaderToLogFile(); //this will create/append a file name based on the date, and add the header to it (comma separated variables format)

    myRelays.begin();
    myRelays.allOff(); //wired for output relays off = damper open (dampers open if power failure to relay coil)
	Damper1SelectedPosition = OPENED;
	Damper2SelectedPosition = OPENED;
	Damper3SelectedPosition = OPENED;
	Damper4SelectedPosition = OPENED;
	Damper1Mode = AUTO;
	Damper2Mode = AUTO;
	Damper3Mode = AUTO;
	Damper4Mode = AUTO;
	
//	Channel 0 - Furnace Plenum (CO2, etc)
    mux.setChannel(0); //enable Mux to Ch0 (location of BME280/CCS811 board and MCP9808 board in furnace plenum)
    bme.settings.runMode = 0b11; // normal mode
    bme.settings.tStandby = 0b101; // 1000 ms
    bme.settings.filter = 0b000; // off
    bme.settings.tempOverSample = 0b011; // x4
    bme.settings.pressOverSample = 0b011; // x4
    bme.settings.humidOverSample = 0b011; // x4
	while(!bme.begin()){ //prepare bme connection (and I2C), typical is: mode=normal, sampling=x16, filter=off, standby=0.5 ms
        delay(1000); // 1 s
	}
    while(!ccs.begin(0x5B)){ //prepare ccs connection (change default library address to 0x5B)
        delay(1000); // 1 s
    }
	while(!mcp.begin(0x18)){ //it will take at least 250 ms before a temperature value is available
        delay(1000); // 1 s
	}
    wd.checkin(); // resets the AWDT count (must occur every 60 min or less, or system will reset); not needed in setup?

//  Channel 1 - Bedroom 1
    mux.setChannel(1); //enable Mux to Ch1 (location of 1st remote MCP9808 board, bedroom 1)
	while(!mcp1.begin(0x18)){ //it will take at least 250 ms before a temperature value is available
        delay(1000); // 1 s
	}
	EEPROM.get(10, tempT);
//	EEPROM.get(10,iOffsetT);
//	tempT = (iOffsetT + 100) / 10; //stored in EEPROM as an offset integer
    if ((tempT < 15.0) || (tempT > 30.0)) {
        tempT = 23.0; //if no value specified, default to 23 C
        EEPROM.put(10, tempT); //save value in simulated EEPROM so changed values kept during power failures
    }
	T1RoomSet = tempT;
	wd.checkin(); // resets the AWDT count (must occur every 60 min or less, or system will reset); not needed in setup?

//  Channel 2 - Bedroom 2
	mux.setChannel(2); //enable Mux to Ch1 (location of 2nd remote MCP9808 board, bedroom 2)
	while(!mcp2.begin()){ //it will take at least 250 ms before a temperature value is available
        delay(1000); // 1 s
	}
	EEPROM.get(20, tempT);
    if ((tempT < 15.0) || (tempT > 30.0)) {
        tempT = 23.0; //if no value specified, default to 23 C
        EEPROM.put(20, tempT); //save value in simulated EEPROM so changed values kept during power failures
    }
	T2RoomSet = tempT;
	wd.checkin(); // resets the AWDT count (must occur every 60 min or less, or system will reset); not needed in setup?

//  Channel 3 - Bedroom 3
    mux.setChannel(3); //enable Mux to Ch1 (location of 3rd remote MCP9808 board, bedroom 3)
	while(!mcp3.begin()){ //it will take at least 250 ms before a temperature value is available
        delay(1000); // 1 s
	}
	EEPROM.get(30, tempT);
    if ((tempT < 15.0) || (tempT > 30.0)) {
        tempT = 23.0; //if no value specified, default to 23 C
        EEPROM.put(30, tempT); //save value in simulated EEPROM so changed values kept during power failures
    }
	T3RoomSet = tempT;
	wd.checkin(); // resets the AWDT count (must occur every 60 min or less, or system will reset); not needed in setup?

//  Channel 4 - Basement
    mux.setChannel(4); //enable Mux to Ch1 (location of 4th remote MCP9808 board, basement)
	while(!mcp4.begin()){ //it will take at least 250 ms before a temperature value is available
        delay(1000); // 1 s
	}
	EEPROM.get(40, tempT);
    if ((tempT < 15.0) || (tempT > 30.0)) {
        tempT = 23.0; //if no value specified, default to 23 C
        EEPROM.put(40, tempT); //save value in simulated EEPROM so changed values kept during power failures
    }
	T4RoomSet = tempT;
	sTSetUpdate();
	wd.checkin(); // resets the AWDT count (must occur every 60 min or less, or system will reset); not needed in setup?
	
	mux.setNoChannel(); //disable Mux (leave Mux off when not measuring a temperature)

	// initialize to some default values (needed until all timers have run)
	T0 = 23.0; //these default values will keep all dampers initially open
	T1 = 23.0;
	T2 = 23.0;
	T3 = 23.0;
	T4 = 23.0;
	
	lHour = Time.hour();
	lMinute = Time.minute();
	lLastMinute = lMinute;
	
	timer1.start();
	timer2.start();
	
	wd.checkin(); // resets the AWDT count (must occur every 60 seconds or less, or system will reset); not needed in setup?
	digitalWrite(boardLed, LOW); //setup completed so turn blue board LED off
}

void loop() { //open and close dampers based mainly on room temperatures (not all dampers can be closed, or too much back pressure on HVAC)
    // Allow a max. of 3 dampers closed.  If 4 dampers requested closed: In auto mode, force damper 4 open (basement).  In manual mode, force damper 1 open (spare bedroom).
    sDampersStatus = ""; //e.g. "A1onM2offA3offA4on" A = AUTO, M = MANUAL, on = OPENED, off = CLOSED
    if (Damper1Mode == MANUAL) { //don't change damper position if in manual (only change from remote input), unless forced re below
        if (Damper1SelectedPosition == OPENED) sDampersStatus += "M1on";
        else sDampersStatus += "M1off";
    } else {
        sDampersStatus += "A1"; //Damper1Mode = AUTO
        if (OpenDamper(ROOM1)) { //upstairs bedroom 1
            Damper1SelectedPosition = OPENED;
            sDampersStatus += "on";
            myRelays.off(ROOM1); //open damper
        } else {
            Damper1SelectedPosition = CLOSED;
            sDampersStatus += "off";
            myRelays.on(ROOM1); //close damper
        }
    }
    if (Damper2Mode == MANUAL) { //don't change damper position if in manual (only change from remote input)
        if (Damper2SelectedPosition == OPENED) sDampersStatus += "M2on";
        else sDampersStatus += "M2off";
    } else {
        sDampersStatus += "A2"; //Damper2Mode = AUTO
        if (OpenDamper(ROOM2)) { //upstairs bedroom 2
            Damper2SelectedPosition = OPENED;
            sDampersStatus += "on";
            myRelays.off(ROOM2); //open damper
        } else {
            Damper2SelectedPosition = CLOSED;
            sDampersStatus += "off";
            myRelays.on(ROOM2); //close damper
        }
    }
    if (Damper3Mode == MANUAL) { //don't change damper position if in manual (only change from remote input)
        if (Damper3SelectedPosition == OPENED) sDampersStatus += "M3on";
        else sDampersStatus += "M3off";
    } else {
        sDampersStatus += "A3"; //Damper3Mode = AUTO
        if (OpenDamper(ROOM3)) { //upstairs bedroom 3
            Damper3SelectedPosition = OPENED;
            sDampersStatus += "on";
            myRelays.off(ROOM3); //open damper
        } else {
            Damper3SelectedPosition = CLOSED;
            sDampersStatus += "off";
            myRelays.on(ROOM3); //close damper
        }
    }
    if (Damper4Mode == MANUAL) { //don't change damper position if in manual (only change from remote input)
        if (Damper4SelectedPosition == OPENED) sDampersStatus += "M4on";
        else sDampersStatus += "M4off";
    } else {
        sDampersStatus += "A4"; //Damper4Mode = AUTO
        if (OpenDamper(ROOM4)) { //basement
            Damper4SelectedPosition = OPENED;
            sDampersStatus += "on";
            myRelays.off(ROOM4); //open damper
        } else {
            Damper4SelectedPosition = CLOSED;
            sDampersStatus += "off";
            myRelays.on(ROOM4); //close damper
        }
    }
    if ((Damper1SelectedPosition == CLOSED) && (Damper2SelectedPosition == CLOSED) && (Damper3SelectedPosition == CLOSED) && (Damper4SelectedPosition == CLOSED)) { // do something if all Dampers are selected to be closed
        if (Damper4Mode == MANUAL) { //if Damper 4 was manually closed, leave it closed and force Damper 1 open
            myRelays.off(ROOM1);
        } else { //auto open Damper in Room 4 (basement) if upstairs rooms are closed
            myRelays.off(ROOM4);
        }
    }
    wd.checkin(); // resets the AWDT count (must occur every 60 seconds or less, or system will reset) [not needed here, see comment at end of loop]
    delay(2000); // 2 s (no need to continuously run this loop)
} // AWDT count reset automatically after loop() ends

//make sure to add these libraries via the Libraries tab in the left sidebar
#include "Particle.h" //automatically included
#include "SparkFunBME280.h"
#include "Adafruit_CCS811.h"
#include "Arduino.h"
//#include <Wire.h>
#include "SparkFun_Qwiic_OpenLog_Arduino_Library.h" //local copy, revised
#include "TCA9548A-RK.h"
#include "RelayShield.h"
#include "Adafruit_MCP9808.h"

BME280 bme; // I2C 0x77, Mux Ch0 (I2C uses D0-1)
Adafruit_CCS811 ccs; // I2C 0x5B, Mux Ch0
Adafruit_MCP9808 mcp; // I2C 0x18, Mux Ch0, 250 ms per temp update
Adafruit_MCP9808 mcp1; // I2C 0x18, Mux Ch1
Adafruit_MCP9808 mcp2; // I2C 0x18, Mux Ch2
Adafruit_MCP9808 mcp3; // I2C 0x18, Mux Ch3
Adafruit_MCP9808 mcp4; // I2C 0x18, Mux Ch4
OpenLog myLog; // I2C 0x2A
TCA9548A mux(Wire, 0); //I2C 0x70
RelayShield myRelays; //RelayShield, D3-6

int boardLed = D7; //blink LED when code is running
//double dTime = 0.0; //used for cloud variable (e.g. time to log one line of data)
//unsigned long lastUpdate = 0; //used to calculate dTime in ms (e.g. to log each line of data)
double T; //Plenum - used for Logging
String sT; //used for cloud variable
double P; //used for Logging
String sP; //used for cloud variable
double H; //used for Logging
String sH; //used for cloud variable
double CO2; //used for Logging
String sCO2; //used for cloud variable
double TVOC; //used for Logging
String sTVOC; //used for cloud variable
double T0; //Plenum - used for Logging
String sT0; //used for cloud variable
double T1; //Room 1 - used for Logging
String sT1; //used for cloud variable
double T2; //Room 2 - used for Logging
String sT2; //used for cloud variable
double T3; //Room 3 - used for Logging
String sT3; //used for cloud variable
double T4; //Room 4 - used for Logging
String sT4; //used for cloud variable
#define TDeadband 0.9 //switch dampers on/off if above/below setpoint +/- Tdeadband (degrees C)
#define THysteresis 0.8 //require this much change in temperature after a damper has switched state, before another switch of state (degrees C)
#define ROOM1 1 //1st bedroom
#define ROOM2 2 //2nd bedroom
#define ROOM3 3 //3rd bedroom
#define ROOM4 4 //basement
float T1RoomSet; //desired Room 1 temperature
float T2RoomSet; //desired Room 2 temperature
float T3RoomSet; //desired Room 3 temperature
float T4RoomSet; //desired Room 4 temperature
#define OPENED 0
#define CLOSED 1
bool Damper1SelectedPosition; //damper SelectedPosition for Room 1
bool Damper2SelectedPosition; //damper SelectedPosition for Room 2
bool Damper3SelectedPosition; //damper SelectedPosition for Room 3
bool Damper4SelectedPosition; //damper SelectedPosition for Room 4
#define AUTO 0
#define MANUAL 1
bool Damper1Mode; //damper mode for Room 1 (Auto/Manual)
bool Damper2Mode; //damper mode for Room 2
bool Damper3Mode; //damper mode for Room 3
bool Damper4Mode; //damper mode for Room 4
unsigned long lYear; //   4 digit year, e.g. 2019
unsigned long lMonth; //  1-12 month
unsigned long lDay; //    1-31 day
unsigned long lHour; //   0-23 hour
unsigned long lMinute; // 0-59
unsigned long lLastMinute; // check every 30 s to see if minute logged already, so no minutes get missed, which does otherwise occur
String sDate = "2019-09-14"; //example
String sTime = "23:45:00"; //example
String sLogFileName = "default.txt"; //example
String sBuf = ""; //use global buffer (and above variables) to reduce stack usage, especially in timers
String sDampersStatus = "A1onM2offA3offA4on"; //example: Damper Mode: A = AUTO, M = MANUAL, Damper Position: on = OPENED, off = CLOSED
String sTSet = "23.0 23.0 23.0 23.0"; //example: Damper temperature trigger setpoints
int iReboots; //use this to count the number of CPU boots (e.g. due to power failures)
int iTErrors; //incremented every time a T0-4 temperature read is a bad value, good if T0 = 5-80 C or T1-T4 = 5-40 C

void AddHeaderToLogFile() {
    //lastUpdate = millis(); //time since the program started, in msec (overflows in ~49 days)
    lYear = Time.year(); // 4 digit year
    lMonth = Time.month(); //1-12 month
    lDay = Time.day(); //1-31 day
    sDate = String(lYear) + "-";
    if (lMonth < 10) sDate += "0"; //make sure 2 digits so file is aligned
    sDate += String(lMonth) + "-";
    if (lDay < 10) sDate += "0"; //make sure 2 digits so file is aligned
    sDate += String(lDay); // e.g. 2019-09-07
    sLogFileName = String(lYear);
    if (lMonth < 10) sLogFileName += "0"; //make sure 2 digits for month
    sLogFileName += String(lMonth);
    if (lDay < 10) sLogFileName += "0"; //make sure 2 digits for day
    sLogFileName += String(lDay) + ".txt"; //e.g. 20190907.txt (max 8.3 digits)
    myLog.append(sLogFileName); //append or create new Log file and send subsequent text to it (e.g. new day, after midnight)
    delay(1); // give it time?
    sBuf = "Date,Time,T0(C),T1(C),T2(C),T3(C),T4(C),T1Set(C),T2Set(C),T3Set(C),T4Set(C),DSelStatus,T(C),P(kPa),RH(%),CO2(ppm),TVOC(ppb)";
    myLog.Println(sBuf); //custom routine that adds 1 ms delay between each character, otherwise some characters get lost
	//dTime = millis() - lastUpdate; //typically about 0.67 ms
}

void logInfo() { //Timers have limited stack space, so use some global variables
    //lastUpdate = millis(); //time since the program started, in msec (overflows in ~49 days)
	lMinute = Time.minute();
    if (lLastMinute != lMinute) { //only log data once a minute
	    if (lYear != Time.year() || lMonth != Time.month() || lDay != Time.day()) { //if a new day, create a new file + header
    	    AddHeaderToLogFile();
    	    Particle.syncTime(); //keep time correct, updating at the start of every day
    	}
    	lHour = Time.hour();
    	sTime = "";
    	if (lHour < 10) sTime += "0"; //make sure 2 digits so file is aligned
    	sTime += String(lHour) + ":";
    	if (lMinute < 10) sTime += "0"; //make sure 2 digits so file is aligned
    	sTime += String(lMinute) + ":00"; //e.g. "23:45:00"
    	sBuf = sDate + "," + sTime + ","; //sDate updated in AddHeaderToLogFile()
    	sBuf += String(T0,1) + "," + String(T1,1) + "," + String(T2,1) + "," + String(T3,1) + "," + String(T4,1) + ",";
    	sBuf += String(T1RoomSet,1) + "," + String(T2RoomSet,1) + "," + String(T3RoomSet,1) + "," + String(T4RoomSet,1) + ",";
    	sBuf += sDampersStatus + ","; //e.g. "A1onM2offA3offA4on" A = AUTO, M = MANUAL, on = OPENED, off = CLOSED
    	sBuf += String(T,1) + "," + String(P,1) + "," + String(H,0) + "," + String(CO2,0) + "," + String(TVOC,0);
    	myLog.Println(sBuf);
    	lLastMinute = lMinute;
    }
    //dTime = millis() - lastUpdate; //typically about 0.54 s (plus about 0.67 s if new file created for a new day + header added)
}
// create a software timer to log Temp, Press, Humid, CO2, TVOC, Damper Status every minute (takes about 0.67 s)
Timer timer1(30000, logInfo); //log data every 60 s, but check every 30 s, so no minutes get dropped (can otherwise happen, although very infrequent)

void getTempPlus() {
    digitalWrite(boardLed,HIGH); //blink LED whenever in this routine
    //lastUpdate = millis(); //time since the program started, in msec (overflows in ~49 days)
    //dTime = 0.0; //set to zero at start of routine, so if routine hangs, it will not get updated
    float fT, fP, fH, fC, fV;
    int iT, iP, iH;
    
    //first, wake up all mcp devices (takes 250 ms until a new temperature value is available)
    mux.setChannel(0); //enable Mux to Ch0, Plenum
    mcp.shutdown_wake(0); //wakeup
    mux.setChannel(1); //enable Mux to Ch1 (Room 1)
    mcp1.shutdown_wake(0); //wakeup
    mux.setChannel(2); //enable Mux to Ch2 (Room 2)
    mcp2.shutdown_wake(0); //wakeup
    mux.setChannel(3); //enable Mux to Ch3 (Room 3)
    mcp3.shutdown_wake(0); //wakeup
    mux.setChannel(4); //enable Mux to Ch4 (Room 4)
    mcp4.shutdown_wake(0); //wakeup
    mux.setNoChannel(); //disable Mux
    delay(500); //delay at least 250 ms for sensors to wake up and get temperatures (500 for lots of extra time, sometimes needed?)
    
    mux.setChannel(0); //enable Mux to Ch0, Plenum
    fT = bme.readTempC(); // degrees C (used only for compensation of ccs)
    if ((fT < 5.0) || (fT > 80)) { //check if temperature read is valid (sometimes a 0 is read?)
        iTErrors += 1; //increment variable every time a bad temperature is read
        mux.setChannel(0); //try once more
        fT = bme.readTempC(); //try once more
    }
    ccs.setTempOffset(fT - 25.0); // compensation for CCS811
    iT = (fT*10) + 0.5; //to use only 1 decimal, rounded
    fT = iT;
    T = fT/10;
    sT = String(T,1);
    fP = bme.readFloatPressure(); // Pascals
    iP = (fP+0.5)/100; // rounded to 0.1 kPa
    fP = iP;
    P = fP/10; // kPa with 1 decimal
    sP = String(P,1);
    fH = bme.readFloatHumidity(); //%
    iH = fH + 0.5; //to use 0 decimals, rounded
    fH = iH;
    H = fH;
    sH = String(H,0);
    if(ccs.available()){
        if(!ccs.readData()) {
            fC = ccs.geteCO2(); // ppm
            CO2 = fC;
            sCO2 = String(CO2,0);
    
            fV = ccs.getTVOC(); //ppb
            TVOC = fV;
            sTVOC = String(TVOC,0);
        }
    } else {
        //Serial.println("CCS811 not available at time: " + String(millis()));
    }
    fT = mcp.readTempC(); // degrees C
    if ((fT < 5.0) || (fT > 80)) { //check if temperature read is valid (sometimes a 0 is read?)
        iTErrors += 1; //increment variable every time a bad temperature is read
        mux.setChannel(0); //try once more
        fT = mcp.readTempC(); //try once more
        if ((fT < 5.0) || (fT >80)) { //if the value read from mcp Plenum sensor is still bad, then
            if ((T > 5.0) && (T < 80)) { //check if the other bme Plenum temperature is acceptable
                fT = T; //use tha good value read for the other Plenum temperature sensor
            }
        }
    }
    iT = (fT*10) + 0.5; //to use only 1 decimal, rounded
    fT = iT;
    T0 = fT/10;
    sT0 = String(T0,1);
    mcp.shutdown_wake(1); //shutdown, to reduce power (and self heating)

    mux.setChannel(1); //enable Mux to Ch1 (Room 1)
    fT = mcp1.readTempC(); // degrees C
    if ((fT < 5.0) || (fT > 40)) { //check if temperature read is valid (sometimes a 0 is read?)
        iTErrors += 1; //increment variable every time a bad temperature is read
        mux.setChannel(1); //try once more
        fT = mcp1.readTempC(); //try once more
    }
    iT = (fT*10) + 0.5; //to use only 1 decimal, rounded
    fT = iT;
    T1 = fT/10;
    sT1 = String(T1,1);
    mcp1.shutdown_wake(1); //shutdown, to reduce power (and self heating)
    if ((T1 < 5) || (T1 > 40)) {
        iTErrors += 1; //incement variable every time a bad temperature is read
    }

    mux.setChannel(2); //enable Mux to Ch2 (Room 2)
    fT = mcp2.readTempC(); // degrees C
    if ((fT < 5.0) || (fT > 40)) { //check if temperature read is valid (sometimes a 0 is read?)
        iTErrors += 1; //increment variable every time a bad temperature is read
        mux.setChannel(2); //try once more
        fT = mcp2.readTempC(); //try once more
    }
    iT = (fT*10) + 0.5; //to use only 1 decimal, rounded
    fT = iT;
    T2 = fT/10;
    sT2 = String(T2,1);
    mcp2.shutdown_wake(1); //shutdown, to reduce power (and self heating)
    if ((T2 < 5) || (T2 > 40)) {
        iTErrors += 1; //incement variable every time a bad temperature is read
    }
    
    mux.setChannel(3); //enable Mux to Ch3 (Room 3)
    fT = mcp3.readTempC(); // degrees C
    if ((fT < 5.0) || (fT > 40)) { //check if temperature read is valid (sometimes a 0 is read?)
        iTErrors += 1; //increment variable every time a bad temperature is read
        mux.setChannel(3); //try once more
        fT = mcp3.readTempC(); //try once more
    }
    iT = (fT*10) + 0.5; //to use only 1 decimal, rounded
    fT = iT;
    T3 = fT/10;
    sT3 = String(T3,1);
    mcp3.shutdown_wake(1); //shutdown, to reduce power (and self heating)
    if ((T3 < 5) || (T3 > 40)) {
        iTErrors += 1; //increment variable every time a bad temperature is read
    }

    mux.setChannel(4); //enable Mux to Ch4 (Room 4)
    fT = mcp4.readTempC(); // degrees C
    if ((fT < 5.0) || (fT > 40)) { //check if temperature read is valid (sometimes a 0 is read?)
        iTErrors += 1; //increment variable every time a bad temperature is read
        mux.setChannel(4); //try once more
        fT = mcp4.readTempC(); //try once more
    }
    iT = (fT*10) + 0.5; //to use only 1 decimal, rounded
    fT = iT;
    T4 = fT/10;
    sT4 = String(T4,1);
    mcp4.shutdown_wake(1); //shutdown, to reduce power (and self heating)
    if ((T4 < 5) || (T4 > 40)) {
        iTErrors += 1; //increment varibale eery time a bad temperature is read
    }
    
    mux.setNoChannel(); //disable Mux
    
    //dTime = millis() - lastUpdate; //typically 0.28 s, only zero when routine is not running (e.g. errors with temperature sensors?)
    digitalWrite(boardLed,LOW);

    //if there are too many temperature reading errors occuring, add 10 to the reboots EEPROM count, and then reboot the software
    if (iTErrors >= 10) { //the tens+ will be used to sum the iTErrors, but more than 10 reboots from power failures (uncommon) will screw this up
        EEPROM.get(0, iReboots); //The value gets incremented each time the CPU is re-booted.
        iReboots += 9; //will become 10 after the reboot
        EEPROM.put(0, iReboots);
        System.reset(RESET_NO_WAIT); //reboot the system
    }
}
// create a software timer to obtain new readings of Temp+ every 10 seconds
Timer timer2(10000, getTempPlus); //update Temp, Press, Humid, CO2, TVOC every 10 s

// used to display a list of the room setpoint temperatures on an iPhone
void sTSetUpdate () {
    sTSet = String(T1RoomSet,1);
    sTSet += " ";
    sTSet += String(T2RoomSet,1);
    sTSet += " ";
    sTSet += String(T3RoomSet,1);
    sTSet += " ";
    sTSet += String(T4RoomSet,1);
}

// use a Particle Function to change the room 1 temperature setpoint
int TSetRoom1Day (String command) {
    float temp = command.toFloat(); //convert text String of digits to float (stops on first non-digit char, or end of string)
    if ((temp < 15.0) || (temp > 30.0)) {
        T1RoomSet = 23.0; //if bad value specified, default to 23 C
        return -1; //warn user that a bad value was provided
    }
    T1RoomSet = temp;
    sTSetUpdate();
    EEPROM.put(10, temp); //put update here, so only use function when absolutely necessary (NOTE: only use local variables in Particle Function)
    return 1;
}

// use a Particle Function to change the room 2 temperature setpoint
int TSetRoom2Day (String command) {
    float temp = command.toFloat(); //convert text String of digits to float (stops on first non-digit char, or end of string)
    if ((temp < 15.0) || (temp > 30.0)) {
        T2RoomSet = 23.0; //if bad value specified, default to 23 C
        return -1; //warn user that a bad value was provided
    }
    T2RoomSet = temp;
    sTSetUpdate();
    EEPROM.put(20, temp); //put update here, so only use function when absolutely necessary (NOTE: only use local variables in Particle Function)
    return 1;
}

// use a Particle Function to change the room 3 temperature setpoint
int TSetRoom3Day (String command) {
    float temp = command.toFloat(); //convert text String of digits to float (stops on first non-digit char, or end of string)
    if ((temp < 15.0) || (temp > 30.0)) {
        T3RoomSet = 23.0; //if bad value specified, default to 23 C
        return -1; //warn user that a bad value was provided
    }
    T3RoomSet = temp;
    sTSetUpdate();
    EEPROM.put(30, temp); //put update here, so only use function when absolutely necessary (NOTE: only use local variables in Particle Function)
    return 1;
}

// use a Particle Function to change the room 4 temperature setpoint
int TSetRoom4 (String command) {
    float temp = command.toFloat(); //convert text String of digits to float (stops on first non-digit char, or end of string)
    if ((temp < 15.0) || (temp > 30.0)) {
        T4RoomSet = 23.0; //if bad value specified, default to 23 C
        return -1; //warn user that a bad value was provided
    }
    T4RoomSet = temp;
    sTSetUpdate();
    EEPROM.put(40, temp); //put update here, so only use function when absolutely necessary (NOTE: only use local variables in Particle Function)
    return 1;
}

// use a Particle Function to reset the iReboots value to 0
int ResetiReboots (String command) { //allow any text to reset the value of iReboots to 0
    iReboots = 0;
    EEPROM.put(0, 0);
    return 1;
}

int sDampersMPdesired (String command) { // command = "4AC" = Damper #1-4, then Mode: A = AUTO, M = MANUAL, then Position: O = OPENED, C = CLOSED (optional if Auto)
    int iRoom;
    bool bMode, bStatus;
    
    iRoom = command.toInt();
    if ((iRoom < 1) || (iRoom > 4)) return -1; // valid Room 1 to 4 not found (or number after 1st digit)
    switch (command.charAt(1)) {
        case 'A':
        case 'a':
            bMode = AUTO;
            break;
        case 'M':
        case 'm':
            bMode = MANUAL;
            break;
        default:
            return -1;
    }
    switch (command.charAt(2)) {
        case 'C':
        case 'c':
            bStatus = CLOSED;
            break;
        default:
            bStatus = OPENED; //default to OPENED (even if 3rd char is missing)
    }
    switch (iRoom) {
        case 1:
            if (bMode == AUTO) {
                Damper1Mode = AUTO; //let main loop open and close damper as needed
            } else {
                Damper1Mode = MANUAL;
                if (bStatus == OPENED) {
                    Damper1SelectedPosition = OPENED;
                    myRelays.off(ROOM1); //open damper
                } else {
                    Damper1SelectedPosition = CLOSED;
                    myRelays.on(ROOM1); //close damper
                }
            }
            break;
        case 2:
            if (bMode == AUTO) {
                Damper2Mode = AUTO; //let main loop open and close damper as needed
            } else {
                Damper2Mode = MANUAL;
                if (bStatus == OPENED) {
                    Damper2SelectedPosition = OPENED;
                    myRelays.off(ROOM2); //open damper
                } else {
                    Damper2SelectedPosition = CLOSED;
                    myRelays.on(ROOM2); //close damper
                }
            }
            break;
        case 3:
            if (bMode == AUTO) {
                Damper3Mode = AUTO; //let main loop open and close damper as needed
            } else {
                Damper3Mode = MANUAL;
                if (bStatus == OPENED) {
                    Damper3SelectedPosition = OPENED;
                    myRelays.off(ROOM3); //open damper
                } else {
                    Damper3SelectedPosition = CLOSED;
                    myRelays.on(ROOM3); //close damper
                }
            }
            break;
        case 4:
            if (bMode == AUTO) {
                Damper4Mode = AUTO; //let main loop open and close damper as needed
            } else {
                Damper4Mode = MANUAL;
                if (bStatus == OPENED) {
                    Damper4SelectedPosition = OPENED;
                    myRelays.off(ROOM4); //open damper
                } else {
                    Damper4SelectedPosition = CLOSED;
                    myRelays.on(ROOM4); //close damper
                }
            }
            break;
    }
    return 1;
}

bool OpenDamper(int Room) { //determine if a room damper should be opened or closed
    float TSet, TRoom, TPlenum, TOffset;
    int StartHour, FinishHour;
    bool DamperSelPos;
    switch (lMonth) { //(force cold air upstairs, hot air downstairs)
        case 1:
        case 2:
        case 11:
        case 12: // winter with no DST
            StartHour = 20; //8 PM
            FinishHour = 3; //3 AM
            break;
        case 6:
        case 7:
        case 8: //summer, with DST offset
            StartHour = 18; //7 PM DST
            FinishHour = 4; //5 AM DST
            break;
        case 3:
        case 4:
        case 5:
        case 9:
        case 10: //spring & fall with some DST
            StartHour = 19; //7 PM, 8 PM DST
            FinishHour = 3; //3 AM, 4 AM DST
            break;
    }
    TPlenum = T0;
    if (TPlenum < 5) return TRUE; // keep damper open if there is a temperature issue
    if (TPlenum > 80) return TRUE; // keep damper open if there is a temperature issue
    switch (Room) {
        case ROOM1:
            TSet = T1RoomSet;
            if ((lHour > StartHour) || (lHour < FinishHour)) TSet -= 2.0; //lower temperature at night
            TRoom = T1;
            DamperSelPos = Damper1SelectedPosition; //present Damper position
            break;
        case ROOM2:
            TSet = T2RoomSet;
            if ((lHour > StartHour) || (lHour < FinishHour)) TSet -= 2.0; //lower temperature at night
            TRoom = T2;
            DamperSelPos = Damper2SelectedPosition; //present Damper position
            if (TPlenum < 20) return TRUE; //always keep room 2 damper open when air conditioner on
            break;
        case ROOM3:
            TSet = T3RoomSet;
            if ((lHour > StartHour) || (lHour < FinishHour)) TSet -= 2.0; //lower temperature at night
            TRoom = T3;
            DamperSelPos = Damper3SelectedPosition; //present Damper position
            if (TPlenum < 20) return TRUE; //always keep room 3 damper open when air conditioner on
            break;
        case ROOM4: //no temperature setback (basement)
            TSet = T4RoomSet;
            TRoom = T4;
            DamperSelPos = Damper4SelectedPosition; //present Damper position
    }
    if (TRoom < 5) return TRUE; // keep damper open if there is a temperature issue
    if (TRoom > 40) return TRUE; // keep damper open if there is a temperature issue
    if (TSet < 5) return TRUE; // keep damper open if there is a temperature issue
    if (TSet > 40) return TRUE; // keep damper open if there is a temperature issue
    TOffset = TDeadband; //e.g. 0.9C above or below temperature setpoint
    if (DamperSelPos == CLOSED) { //if already closed, don't open until temperature rises/drops by THysteresis amount
        TOffset -= THysteresis; //e.g. stay closed until 0.1C above or below temperature setpoint
    }
    if ((TPlenum > (TRoom+TOffset)) && (TRoom > (TSet+TOffset))) { //room is already too hot, so don't heat more
        return FALSE;
    }
    if ((TPlenum < (TRoom-TOffset)) && (TRoom < (TSet-TOffset))) { //room is already too cold, so don't cool more
        return FALSE;
    }
    return TRUE; //damper should be open for all other cases
}

// reset the system after 60 seconds if the application is unresponsive
ApplicationWatchdog wd(60000, System.reset);

void setup() {
    float tempT;
    pinMode(boardLed, OUTPUT); //use this blue LED to blink during code operation (setup + when temperatures are read)
	digitalWrite(boardLed, HIGH);
    
    // We are going to declare Particle.variable() here so that we can access the values from the cloud.
	//This registration must be completed within 30 s of connecting to the cloud, so do it first thing in setup
    //Particle.variable("d_Time_ms", dTime); //text description must NOT have any spaces
    //items are listed in alphabetical order on iPhone App
    Particle.variable("s_CO2_ppm", sCO2);
    Particle.variable("s_Dampers", sDampersStatus);
    Particle.variable("s_P_kPa", sP);
    Particle.variable("s_RH_Pct", sH);
    Particle.variable("s_T0_C", sT0);
    Particle.variable("s_T1234Set", sTSet);
    Particle.variable("s_T1_C", sT1);
    Particle.variable("s_T2_C", sT2);
    Particle.variable("s_T3_C", sT3);
    Particle.variable("s_T4_C", sT4);
    Particle.variable("s_TVOC_ppb", sTVOC);
    Particle.variable("s_T_C", sT);
    Particle.variable("N_Reboots", iReboots);
    Particle.variable("s_TimeNow",sTime); //present time of last update to the cloud, in case cloud updates stop/crash
    Particle.variable("N_TErrors",iTErrors); //incremented every time a T0-4 temperature read is a bad value, good if T0 = 0-80 C or T1-T4 = 10-40 C

    Particle.function("T1S",TSetRoom1Day);
    Particle.function("T2S",TSetRoom2Day);
    Particle.function("T3S",TSetRoom3Day);
    Particle.function("T4S",TSetRoom4);
    Particle.function("D_Mode_Pos_eg4MC",sDampersMPdesired); //e.g. "4MC" = Damper 4, manual mode, close damper; "3a" = Damper 3, auto mode
    Particle.function("ResetReboots", ResetiReboots); //so the number of reboots can be reset back to 0
    
    EEPROM.get(0, iReboots); //The value gets incremented each time the CPU is re-booted.
    iReboots += 1;
    EEPROM.put(0, iReboots);
    
    iTErrors = 0; //Use to keep track of any T0-4 temperatures read that are not within 10-40 C (starts at 0 after every reboot)
    
    mux.begin(); //I2C with 8  output channels (for all T/P/RH/CO2/TVOC), 5 used (0-4)
    mux.setNoChannel(); //disables all channels 0-7
    
    while(!myLog.begin(0x2A)){ //prepare OpenLog connection
        delay(1000); // 1 s
    }
    Time.zone(-5); //ignore DST (separately deal with time/temperature variations throughout the year)
    AddHeaderToLogFile(); //this will create/append a file name based on the date, and add the header to it (comma separated variables format)

    myRelays.begin();
    myRelays.allOff(); //wired for output relays off = damper open (dampers open if power failure to relay coil)
	Damper1SelectedPosition = OPENED;
	Damper2SelectedPosition = OPENED;
	Damper3SelectedPosition = OPENED;
	Damper4SelectedPosition = OPENED;
	Damper1Mode = AUTO;
	Damper2Mode = AUTO;
	Damper3Mode = AUTO;
	Damper4Mode = AUTO;
	
//	Channel 0 - Furnace Plenum (CO2, etc)
    mux.setChannel(0); //enable Mux to Ch0 (location of BME280/CCS811 board and MCP9808 board in furnace plenum)
    bme.settings.runMode = 0b11; // normal mode
    bme.settings.tStandby = 0b101; // 1000 ms
    bme.settings.filter = 0b000; // off
    bme.settings.tempOverSample = 0b011; // x4
    bme.settings.pressOverSample = 0b011; // x4
    bme.settings.humidOverSample = 0b011; // x4
	while(!bme.begin()){ //prepare bme connection (and I2C), typical is: mode=normal, sampling=x16, filter=off, standby=0.5 ms
        delay(1000); // 1 s
	}
    while(!ccs.begin(0x5B)){ //prepare ccs connection (change default library address to 0x5B)
        delay(1000); // 1 s
    }
	while(!mcp.begin(0x18)){ //it will take at least 250 ms before a temperature value is available
        delay(1000); // 1 s
	}
    wd.checkin(); // resets the AWDT count (must occur every 60 min or less, or system will reset); not needed in setup?

//  Channel 1 - Bedroom 1
    mux.setChannel(1); //enable Mux to Ch1 (location of 1st remote MCP9808 board, bedroom 1)
	while(!mcp1.begin(0x18)){ //it will take at least 250 ms before a temperature value is available
        delay(1000); // 1 s
	}
	EEPROM.get(10, tempT);
//	EEPROM.get(10,iOffsetT);
//	tempT = (iOffsetT + 100) / 10; //stored in EEPROM as an offset integer
    if ((tempT < 15.0) || (tempT > 30.0)) {
        tempT = 23.0; //if no value specified, default to 23 C
        EEPROM.put(10, tempT); //save value in simulated EEPROM so changed values kept during power failures
    }
	T1RoomSet = tempT;
	wd.checkin(); // resets the AWDT count (must occur every 60 min or less, or system will reset); not needed in setup?

//  Channel 2 - Bedroom 2
	mux.setChannel(2); //enable Mux to Ch1 (location of 2nd remote MCP9808 board, bedroom 2)
	while(!mcp2.begin()){ //it will take at least 250 ms before a temperature value is available
        delay(1000); // 1 s
	}
	EEPROM.get(20, tempT);
    if ((tempT < 15.0) || (tempT > 30.0)) {
        tempT = 23.0; //if no value specified, default to 23 C
        EEPROM.put(20, tempT); //save value in simulated EEPROM so changed values kept during power failures
    }
	T2RoomSet = tempT;
	wd.checkin(); // resets the AWDT count (must occur every 60 min or less, or system will reset); not needed in setup?

//  Channel 3 - Bedroom 3
    mux.setChannel(3); //enable Mux to Ch1 (location of 3rd remote MCP9808 board, bedroom 3)
	while(!mcp3.begin()){ //it will take at least 250 ms before a temperature value is available
        delay(1000); // 1 s
	}
	EEPROM.get(30, tempT);
    if ((tempT < 15.0) || (tempT > 30.0)) {
        tempT = 23.0; //if no value specified, default to 23 C
        EEPROM.put(30, tempT); //save value in simulated EEPROM so changed values kept during power failures
    }
	T3RoomSet = tempT;
	wd.checkin(); // resets the AWDT count (must occur every 60 min or less, or system will reset); not needed in setup?

//  Channel 4 - Basement
    mux.setChannel(4); //enable Mux to Ch1 (location of 4th remote MCP9808 board, basement)
	while(!mcp4.begin()){ //it will take at least 250 ms before a temperature value is available
        delay(1000); // 1 s
	}
	EEPROM.get(40, tempT);
    if ((tempT < 15.0) || (tempT > 30.0)) {
        tempT = 23.0; //if no value specified, default to 23 C
        EEPROM.put(40, tempT); //save value in simulated EEPROM so changed values kept during power failures
    }
	T4RoomSet = tempT;
	sTSetUpdate();
	wd.checkin(); // resets the AWDT count (must occur every 60 min or less, or system will reset); not needed in setup?
	
	mux.setNoChannel(); //disable Mux (leave Mux off when not measuring a temperature)

	// initialize to some default values (needed until all timers have run)
	T0 = 23.0; //these default values will keep all dampers initially open
	T1 = 23.0;
	T2 = 23.0;
	T3 = 23.0;
	T4 = 23.0;
	
	lHour = Time.hour();
	lMinute = Time.minute();
	lLastMinute = lMinute;
	
	timer1.start();
	timer2.start();
	
	wd.checkin(); // resets the AWDT count (must occur every 60 seconds or less, or system will reset); not needed in setup?
	digitalWrite(boardLed, LOW); //setup completed so turn blue board LED off
}

void loop() { //open and close dampers based mainly on room temperatures (not all dampers can be closed, or too much back pressure on HVAC)
    // Allow a max. of 3 dampers closed.  If 4 dampers requested closed: In auto mode, force damper 4 open (basement).  In manual mode, force damper 1 open (spare bedroom).
    sDampersStatus = ""; //e.g. "A1onM2offA3offA4on" A = AUTO, M = MANUAL, on = OPENED, off = CLOSED
    if (Damper1Mode == MANUAL) { //don't change damper position if in manual (only change from remote input), unless forced re below
        if (Damper1SelectedPosition == OPENED) sDampersStatus += "M1on";
        else sDampersStatus += "M1off";
    } else {
        sDampersStatus += "A1"; //Damper1Mode = AUTO
        if (OpenDamper(ROOM1)) { //upstairs bedroom 1
            Damper1SelectedPosition = OPENED;
            sDampersStatus += "on";
            myRelays.off(ROOM1); //open damper
        } else {
            Damper1SelectedPosition = CLOSED;
            sDampersStatus += "off";
            myRelays.on(ROOM1); //close damper
        }
    }
    if (Damper2Mode == MANUAL) { //don't change damper position if in manual (only change from remote input)
        if (Damper2SelectedPosition == OPENED) sDampersStatus += "M2on";
        else sDampersStatus += "M2off";
    } else {
        sDampersStatus += "A2"; //Damper2Mode = AUTO
        if (OpenDamper(ROOM2)) { //upstairs bedroom 2
            Damper2SelectedPosition = OPENED;
            sDampersStatus += "on";
            myRelays.off(ROOM2); //open damper
        } else {
            Damper2SelectedPosition = CLOSED;
            sDampersStatus += "off";
            myRelays.on(ROOM2); //close damper
        }
    }
    if (Damper3Mode == MANUAL) { //don't change damper position if in manual (only change from remote input)
        if (Damper3SelectedPosition == OPENED) sDampersStatus += "M3on";
        else sDampersStatus += "M3off";
    } else {
        sDampersStatus += "A3"; //Damper3Mode = AUTO
        if (OpenDamper(ROOM3)) { //upstairs bedroom 3
            Damper3SelectedPosition = OPENED;
            sDampersStatus += "on";
            myRelays.off(ROOM3); //open damper
        } else {
            Damper3SelectedPosition = CLOSED;
            sDampersStatus += "off";
            myRelays.on(ROOM3); //close damper
        }
    }
    if (Damper4Mode == MANUAL) { //don't change damper position if in manual (only change from remote input)
        if (Damper4SelectedPosition == OPENED) sDampersStatus += "M4on";
        else sDampersStatus += "M4off";
    } else {
        sDampersStatus += "A4"; //Damper4Mode = AUTO
        if (OpenDamper(ROOM4)) { //basement
            Damper4SelectedPosition = OPENED;
            sDampersStatus += "on";
            myRelays.off(ROOM4); //open damper
        } else {
            Damper4SelectedPosition = CLOSED;
            sDampersStatus += "off";
            myRelays.on(ROOM4); //close damper
        }
    }
    if ((Damper1SelectedPosition == CLOSED) && (Damper2SelectedPosition == CLOSED) && (Damper3SelectedPosition == CLOSED) && (Damper4SelectedPosition == CLOSED)) { // do something if all Dampers are selected to be closed
        if ((Damper4Mode == MANUAL) || (T0 < T4RoomSet)) { //if Damper 4 was manually closed OR the AC is on, leave it closed and force Damper 1 open
            myRelays.off(ROOM1); //open Room 1 damper
        } else { //auto open Damper in Room 4 (basement) if upstairs rooms are closed
            myRelays.off(ROOM4); //open Room 4 damper
        }
    }
    wd.checkin(); // resets the AWDT count (must occur every 60 seconds or less, or system will reset) [not needed here, see comment at end of loop]
    delay(2000); // 2 s (no need to continuously run this loop)
} // AWDT count reset automatically after loop() ends