Smart Watering System

/*
 * Project L14_04_PlantWater
 * Description: Automatically water your plant when the soil is too dry and publish/subscribe
 * Author: Janel Sanchez
 * Date: 12-Nov-2020
 */

#include <Adafruit_MQTT.h>

#include "Adafruit_MQTT/Adafruit_MQTT.h" 
#include "Adafruit_MQTT/Adafruit_MQTT_SPARK.h" 
#include "Adafruit_MQTT/Adafruit_MQTT.h" 

#include "credentials.h"

#include "Adafruit_SSD1306.h"
#include "Adafruit_BME280.h"
#include "Air_Quality_Sensor.h"

#define OLED_RESET D4
Adafruit_SSD1306 display(OLED_RESET);
#if (SSD1306_LCDHEIGHT != 64)
#error("Height incorrect, please fix Adafruit_SSD1306.h!");
#endif

Adafruit_BME280 bme;
bool status;

AirQualitySensor airsensor(A0);

/************ Global State (you don't need to change this!) ***   ***************/ 
TCPClient TheClient; 

// Setup the MQTT client class by passing in the WiFi client and MQTT server and login details. 
Adafruit_MQTT_SPARK mqtt(&TheClient,AIO_SERVER,AIO_SERVERPORT,AIO_USERNAME,AIO_KEY); 


/****************************** Feeds ***************************************/ 
// Setup Feeds to publish or subscribe 
// Notice MQTT paths for AIO follow the form: <username>/feeds/<feedname> 
Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe waterButton = Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe(&mqtt, AIO_USERNAME "/feeds/buttonToWater"); 
Adafruit_MQTT_Publish soilMoisture = Adafruit_MQTT_Publish(&mqtt, AIO_USERNAME "/feeds/moistureLevels");
Adafruit_MQTT_Publish bmeTemperature = Adafruit_MQTT_Publish(&mqtt, AIO_USERNAME "/feeds/temperatureLevels");
Adafruit_MQTT_Publish bmeHumidity = Adafruit_MQTT_Publish(&mqtt, AIO_USERNAME "/feeds/humidityLevels");
Adafruit_MQTT_Publish bmePressure = Adafruit_MQTT_Publish(&mqtt, AIO_USERNAME "/feeds/pressureLevels");
Adafruit_MQTT_Publish air = Adafruit_MQTT_Publish(&mqtt, AIO_USERNAME "/feeds/airQualityLevels");
Adafruit_MQTT_Publish dust = Adafruit_MQTT_Publish(&mqtt, AIO_USERNAME "/feeds/dustLevels");

/************Declare Variables*************/
const int moistureSensor = A4;
const int moisturePump = A5;
const int dustSensor = A1;
int airQuality;
int waterButtonValue;

unsigned long last;
unsigned long lastTime;
unsigned long lastDisplayTime;
int moistureValue;

unsigned long duration;
unsigned long starttime;
unsigned long sampletime_ms = 30000;
unsigned long lowpulseoccupancy = 0;
float ratio = 0;
float concentration = 0;

float tempC;
float tempF = 0;
float pressPA;
float humidRH;

const char degreeSymbol = 247;

void setup() {
  Serial.begin(9600);
  delay(100); //wait for Serial Monitor to startup

  pinMode(moistureSensor, INPUT);
  pinMode(moisturePump, OUTPUT);
  pinMode(dustSensor, INPUT);
  starttime = millis();//get the current time;


  if (airsensor.init()) {
    Serial.println("Air Sensor READY!");
  }
  else {
    Serial.println("Air Sensor ERROR!");
  }

  display.begin(SSD1306_SWITCHCAPVCC, 0x3C);  // initialize with the I2C addr 0x3C (for the 128x64)

  status = bme.begin();
  if(!status) {
    Serial.println("Initialization Failed");
  }

  // Setup MQTT subscription for onoff feed.
  //mqtt.subscribe(&TempF);
  mqtt.subscribe(&waterButton);

  sync_my_time();
}

void loop() {
  MQTT_connect();
  pingMQTT();

  tempC = bme.readTemperature();
  pressPA = ((bme.readPressure()/100.0)*0.03);
  humidRH = bme.readHumidity();
  tempF = (tempC*1.8)+32;

  // this is our 'wait for incoming subscription packets' busy subloop
  // try to spend your time here
 
  Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe *subscription;
  while ((subscription = mqtt.readSubscription(10000))) {
    if (subscription == &waterButton) {
      waterButtonValue = atoi((char *)waterButton.lastread);
    }
    if (waterButtonValue == HIGH) {
      digitalWrite (moisturePump, HIGH);
      Serial.printf("Dashboard Water Button Pressed ON \n");
    }
    else {
      digitalWrite(moisturePump, LOW);
      Serial.printf("Dashboard Water Button Pressed OFF \n");
    }
  }

  moistureValue = analogRead(moistureSensor);
  readAirSensor();
  readDustSensor();

  if((millis()-lastTime > 30000)) {
    if(mqtt.Update()) {
      soilMoisture.publish(moistureValue);
      Serial.printf("Publishing Moisture Value %i \n",moistureValue);

      bmeTemperature.publish(tempF);
      Serial.printf("Publishing Temperatue %0.1f%cF \n",tempF);

      bmeHumidity.publish(humidRH);
      Serial.printf("Publishing Humidity %0.2f \n",humidRH);

      bmePressure.publish(pressPA);
      Serial.printf("Publishing Pressure %0.2f \n",pressPA);
      
      air.publish(airQuality);
      Serial.printf("Publishing Air Quality %i \n",airQuality);
      
      dust.publish(concentration);
      Serial.printf("Publishing Dust %0.2f \n",concentration);
      }

    if(moistureValue >= 2500) {
      activatePump();
    }

    lastTime = millis();
  }

  displayPrint ();
}

// Function to connect and reconnect as necessary to the MQTT server.
// Should be called in the loop function and it will take care if connecting.
void MQTT_connect() {
  int8_t ret;
 
  // Stop if already connected.
  if (mqtt.connected()) {
    return;
  }
 
  Serial.print("Connecting to MQTT... ");
 
  while ((ret = mqtt.connect()) != 0) { // connect will return 0 for connected
       Serial.println(mqtt.connectErrorString(ret));
       Serial.println("Retrying MQTT connection in 5 seconds...");
       mqtt.disconnect();
       delay(5000);  // wait 5 seconds
  }
  Serial.println("MQTT Connected!");
}

void sync_my_time () {
  Time.zone(-7);
  Particle.syncTime();
  waitUntil(Particle.syncTimeDone);
}

void displayPrint () {
  String DateTime, DateOnly, TimeOnly, YearOnly;
  char currentDate[11], currentTime[9], currentYear[5];

  DateTime = Time.timeStr();

  DateOnly = DateTime.substring(0,10);
  DateOnly.toCharArray(currentDate,11);

  YearOnly = DateTime.substring(20,24);
  YearOnly.toCharArray(currentYear,5);

  TimeOnly = DateTime.substring(11,19);
  TimeOnly.toCharArray(currentTime,9);

  if ((millis()-lastDisplayTime)>10000) {
    display.clearDisplay();
    display.display();

    display.setTextSize(1);
    display.setCursor(0,0);
    display.setTextColor(BLACK, WHITE);
    Serial.printf("Display Date: %s %s \n", currentDate,currentYear);
    display.printf("Date: %s %s", currentDate,currentYear);
    Serial.printf("Display Time: %s \n", currentTime);
    display.printf("Time: %s\n", currentTime);

    display.setTextColor(WHITE);
    Serial.printf("Display Moisture: %i \n", moistureValue);
    display.printf("Moisture: %i \n", moistureValue);

    display.setTextColor(WHITE);
    Serial.printf("Display Temperature: %0.1f°F \n", tempF);
    display.printf("Temperature: %0.1f%cF \n", tempF,degreeSymbol);

    display.setTextColor(WHITE);
    Serial.printf("Display Humidity: %0.2f \n", humidRH);
    display.printf("Humidity: %0.2f \n", humidRH);

    display.setTextColor(WHITE);
    Serial.printf("Display Pressure: %0.2finHg \n", pressPA);
    display.printf("Pressure: %0.2finHg \n", pressPA);

    display.setTextColor(WHITE);
    Serial.printf("Display Air Quality: %i \n", airQuality);
    display.printf("Air Quality: %i \n", airQuality);

    display.setTextColor(WHITE);
    Serial.printf("Display Dust Value: %0.2f \n", concentration);
    display.printf("Dust Value: %0.2f \n", concentration);
  
    display.display();
    lastDisplayTime = millis();
  }
}

void activatePump() {
  digitalWrite(moisturePump, HIGH);
  Serial.printf("Pump is ON \n");
  delay(500);
  digitalWrite(moisturePump, LOW);
  Serial.printf("Pump is OFF \n");
}

void readDustSensor() {
  duration = pulseIn(dustSensor, LOW);
  lowpulseoccupancy = lowpulseoccupancy+duration;

  if ((millis()-starttime) > sampletime_ms) {
    ratio = lowpulseoccupancy/(sampletime_ms*10.0);  // Integer percentage 0=>100
    concentration = 1.1*pow(ratio,3)-3.8*pow(ratio,2)+520*ratio+0.62; // using spec sheet curve
    Serial.print(lowpulseoccupancy);
    Serial.print(",");
    Serial.print(ratio);
    Serial.print(",");
    Serial.println(concentration);
    lowpulseoccupancy = 0;
    starttime = millis();
  }
}

void readAirSensor() {
  int slope = airsensor.slope();
  airQuality = airsensor.getValue();
}

void pingMQTT() {
  if ((millis()-last)>120000) {
      Serial.printf("Pinging MQTT \n");
      if(! mqtt.ping()) {
        Serial.printf("Disconnecting \n");
        mqtt.disconnect();
      }
      last = millis();
  }
}