Indoor air quality is critical not just for work comfort but also for their health in offices, schools, and other locations. Headaches, weariness, difficulty concentrating, and irritation of the eyes, nose, throat, and lungs have all been linked to poor indoor air quality (IAQ). In addition, some diseases, such as asthma, have been associated with specific air contaminants or indoor settings, such as wet indoor environments. Furthermore, some exposures, such as asbestos and radon, do not cause symptoms immediately but might lead to cancer over time.
IAQ is influenced by a variety of factors. Poor ventilation (lack of outside air), temperature control issues, high or low humidity, recent remodeling, and other activities in or near a structure can all alter the amount of fresh air coming in. Specific contaminants such as construction or renovation dust, mold, cleaning supplies, pesticides, or other airborne chemicals (including small amounts of chemicals released as a gas over time) can sometimes lead to poor IAQ.
The World Health Organization (WHO) coined the term "Sick Building Syndrome" (SBS) in 1983 to describe the clinical manifestations of indoor air pollution in building occupants. The role of indoor air quality in the etiopathogenesis of several non-specific symptoms and clinical findings that characterize SBS has been addressed in several research. The skin (with xerosis and pruritus), upper and lower respiratory tract (such as dysphonia, dry cough, and asthma), eyes (ocular pruritus), and neurological system are all part of the clinical picture of this illness (for example, headache and difficulty in concentration).
By adjusting indoor air characteristics such as air temperature, relative humidity, airspeed, and chemical species concentrations in the air, ventilation is utilized in buildings to create thermally comfortable environments with acceptable IAQ. Numerical solutions are best for investigating the airflow pattern and pollutant particle movement inside occupied areas. As a result, many researchers have used numerical modeling to investigate the behavior of airflow and pollutant concentrations. For example, some numerical predictions of pollutants dispersion in a ventilated space using mixed ventilation are presented.
An indoor air quality assessment system aids the identification and improvement of indoor air quality. For safety (gas spill detection, pollution monitoring) and security applications, as well as to properly operate heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems for energy efficiency, local and distributed chemical concentration evaluation is critical.
In fact, measuring indoor air quality in the built environment provides a constant stream of data for the seamless operation of building automation systems, as well as a platform for making educated decisions. However, current monitoring methods are typically quite expensive and only allow for the collection of random samples.
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