Pedro Henrique Fonseca Bertoleti
Published © CC BY-SA

Water On IoT

Water is essential for life. Save water is saving Earth. So, why not use Blynk Board to save Earth?

IntermediateProtip4 hours3,625
Water On IoT

Things used in this project

Hardware components

SparkFun Blynk Board - ESP8266
SparkFun Blynk Board - ESP8266
×1
Alligator Clips
Alligator Clips
×1
Samsung 5V DC Source
×1
Jumper wires (generic)
Jumper wires (generic)
×2
Resistor 1k ohm
Resistor 1k ohm
×2

Software apps and online services

Blynk
Blynk
Arduino IDE
Arduino IDE

Hand tools and fabrication machines

Soldering iron (generic)
Soldering iron (generic)

Story

Read more

Schematics

Schematics and diagram

Here is the full schematic and diagram of this project. The wiring here is very simple (alligator clips, wire and some solder iron will make it real).

Code

Full code - Water IoT

Arduino
Here is the whole code of this project.

Obs:
1) It logs almost everything made (from sensor data acquisition to sending data to Blynk App).
2)To store calibration value (for water sensor measurement), an EEPROM was emulated on flash memory of the board. This emulation was made with native EEPROM library from Arduino.
3) Two functions (write and read long data from EEPROM) were obtained in Arduino Playground site (http://playground.arduino.cc/Code/EEPROMReadWriteLong). There are references to origin of this source code when I used it (so, it fits in license terms of Arduino Playground codes).
4) Before uploading this code to your SparkFun BlynkBoard, don't forget to write your Blynk Auth Key, SSID and password.
/*
 * Project - Water IoT (Hackster Blynk Contest)
 * ---------------------------------------------
 * 
 * - Author: Pedro Bertoleti
 * - Date: 06/2016
 * 
 * This project allows water consumption ans flow mettering over
 * Internet, using Blynk Board, Blynk App and water flow sensor.
 * Among the features of this project, the highlights are:
 * 
 * - Instant consumption and flow mettering over the Internet
 * - Total consumption is stored and compared to a limit defined
 * by user (limit of consumption / period of time). So, user can
 * check and use water in a clever and more economic way ($$ and 
 * enviroment)
 * - The metterings can be calibrated, so this project fits to
 * every place (which it's into sensor flow and pressure limit, of 
 * course).
 * 
 * In general way, it's possible to:
 * - Read flow and consumption mettering
 * - Reset comsumption mettering
 * - Get software version (software flashed into Blynk Board)
 * - Start & end calibration
 */

/*
 * Includes
 */
#define BLYNK_PRINT Serial    // Comment this out to disable prints and save space
#include <ESP8266WiFi.h>
#include <BlynkSimpleEsp8266.h>
#include <EEPROM.h>

/*
 * Global definitions
 */
#define SOFTWARE_VERSION      "V1.00"   
#define BREATHING_LIGHT       5  //LED Pin on SparkFun Blynk Board
#define YES                   1
#define NO                    0
#define MAX_BUFFER_SIZE       20
#define PIN_SENSOR            0

//Emulated EEPROM definitions
#define EEPROM_BYTES  28    //amount of bytes allocated in flash to
                            //simulate an EEPROM. It must be between
                            //4 bytes and 4096 bytes
#define EEPROM_KEY    "PedroBertoleti123"  //this is a key that will
                                           //be stored just before the 
                                           //relevant data on EEPROM. It
                                           //indicates if EEPROM has already been
                                           //initialized or not.

#define ADDRESS_EEPROM_KEY               0
#define ADDRESS_PULSES_PER_LITTER        18
#define ADDRESS_CALIBRATION_MODE         22
#define ADDRESS_LIMIT_CONSUMPTION_DEFINE 23
#define ADDRESS_LIMIT_CONSUMPTION        24

//Virtual pins definitions
//Getting commands from App:
#define VP_CONSUMPTION_RESET         V0
#define VP_SOFTWARE_VERSION          V1
#define VP_START_CALIBRATION         V2
#define VP_END_CALIBRATION           V3
#define VP_SET_CONSUMPTION_LIMIT     V4

//Pushing data to App:
#define VP_CONSUMPTION_READ          V5
#define VP_FLOW_READ                 V6
#define VP_SOFTWARE_VERSION_READ     V7
#define VP_WARNING_CONSUMPTION_LIMIT V8
#define VP_BREATHING_LIGHT_APP       V9
#define VP_CALIBRATION_IS_OK         V10

/*
 * Typedefs and structures
 */

/*
 * Global variables
 */

//Blynk Settings
char BlynkAuth[] = ""; //write here your Blynk Auth Key
char WiFiNetwork[] = "";  //write here the SSID of WiFi network Blynk Board will connect
char WiFiPassword[] = ""; //write here the password of WiFi network Blynk Board will connect

//general variables 
long SensorPulseCounter;
float CalculatedFlow;
float CalculatedConsumption;
long LimitOfConsumption;
char SoftwareVersion[] = SOFTWARE_VERSION; 
long PulsosPerLitter;   //contains how much pulses of sensor indicates 1l of consumption
char CalibrationMode;   //indicates if board it's in calibration mode
char LimitOfConsumptionDefined;  //indicates if a limit of water consumption is defined
unsigned long LastMillis;   //used to time-slice processing
char VarToggle;   //it controls breathing light toggle

char EEPROMKeyRead[17];

/*
 * Prototypes
 */
void CountSensorPulses(void);
void ResetCountSensorPulses(void);
void CalculateFlowAndConsumption(void);
void SendFlowAndConsumptionToApp(void);
char VerifyLimitOfConsumption(void);
void ShowDebugMessagesInfoCalculated(void);
void TurnOnSensorPulseCounting(void);
void TurnOffSensorPulseCounting(void);
void ControlBreathingLight(void);
void StartEEPROMAndReadValues(void);
long EEPROMReadlong(long address);
void EEPROMWritelong(int address, long value);

/*
 * Implementation / functions
 */

//Following is the virtual pin's management. These are like events,
//so they don't appear on prototype's declarations

//Event: reset consumption
BLYNK_WRITE(VP_CONSUMPTION_RESET) 
{
    int StatusButton;

    StatusButton = param.asInt();

    //ensure it executes only when virtual push button is in on state
    if (StatusButton)
    {
        CalculatedConsumption = 0.0;
        Serial.println("[EVENT] Total water consumption was reseted");
    }
}

//Event: send software version
BLYNK_WRITE(VP_SOFTWARE_VERSION) 
{
    int StatusButton;
    char SoftwareVersion[]=SOFTWARE_VERSION;

    StatusButton = param.asInt();

    //ensure it executes only when virtual push button is in on state
    if (StatusButton)
    {
        Blynk.virtualWrite(VP_SOFTWARE_VERSION_READ, SoftwareVersion);    
        Serial.println("[EVENT] Software version was sent");
    }
}

//Event: start calibration
BLYNK_WRITE(VP_START_CALIBRATION) 
{
    int StatusButton;

    StatusButton = param.asInt();

    //ensure it executes only when virtual push button is in on state
    if (StatusButton)
    {
        CalibrationMode = YES;
        PulsosPerLitter = 0;
        ResetCountSensorPulses();
        Serial.println("[EVENT] Sensor calibration started");
    }
}

//Event: end calibration
BLYNK_WRITE(VP_END_CALIBRATION) 
{
    int StatusButton;

    StatusButton = param.asInt();

    //ensure it executes only when virtual push button is in on state
    if (StatusButton)
    {
        PulsosPerLitter = SensorPulseCounter;
        CalibrationMode = NO;    
        
        //write calibration result to eeprom
        EEPROMWritelong(ADDRESS_PULSES_PER_LITTER,PulsosPerLitter);
        EEPROMWritelong(ADDRESS_CALIBRATION_MODE,CalibrationMode);
        
        ResetCountSensorPulses();
        Serial.print("[EVENT] Sensor calibration ended. Calibration factor: ");
        Serial.print(PulsosPerLitter);
        Serial.println(" pulses / litter");
        Serial.println("[EEPROM] Calibration values stored in EEPROM.");
    }
}

//Event: limit of water consumption defined
BLYNK_WRITE(VP_SET_CONSUMPTION_LIMIT) 
{
    int LimitConsumption;

    Serial.print("[EVENT] Limit of water consumption is now defined in ");
    Serial.print(LimitOfConsumption);
    Serial.println(" l");

    LimitConsumption = param.asInt();    
    LimitOfConsumptionDefined = YES;    
    LimitOfConsumption = (long)(LimitConsumption);

    //write limit of consumption to eeprom
    EEPROMWritelong(ADDRESS_LIMIT_CONSUMPTION_DEFINE,LimitOfConsumptionDefined);
    EEPROMWritelong(ADDRESS_LIMIT_CONSUMPTION,LimitOfConsumption);
    Serial.println("[EEPROM] Limit os water consumption stored in EEPROM.");
}

//Function: counts pulses of water flow sensor
//Params: none
//Return: none 
void CountSensorPulses(void)
{
    SensorPulseCounter++;      
}

//Function: reset counter of water flow sensor pulses
//Params: none
//Return: none 
void ResetCountSensorPulses(void)
{  
    SensorPulseCounter = 0;
}

//Function: calculate water instant flow and consumption
//Params: none
//Return: none 
void CalculateFlowAndConsumption(void)
{
    //this function allows calculations only if sensor it's already calibrated
    if ((CalibrationMode == YES) || (PulsosPerLitter == 0))
        return;    

    //calculation begins!    
    CalculatedFlow = (float)((float)SensorPulseCounter / (float)PulsosPerLitter);  //Flow in l/s
 
    CalculatedConsumption = CalculatedConsumption + CalculatedFlow;   //sum consumption of 1 second
    CalculatedFlow = CalculatedFlow*3600.0;   //Flow in l/h       
    Blynk.run();  //refreshes blynk connection (keep-alive)
}

//Function: send calculated water flow and consumption to Blynk App. 
//          Also, sends the calibration status
//Params: none
//Return: none 
void SendFlowAndConsumptionToApp(void)
{
    WidgetLED CalibrationLED(VP_CALIBRATION_IS_OK);
    
    Blynk.virtualWrite(VP_FLOW_READ, CalculatedFlow); 
    Blynk.virtualWrite(VP_CONSUMPTION_READ, CalculatedConsumption);     
    
    if (PulsosPerLitter == 0)   
        CalibrationLED.off();
    else
        CalibrationLED.on();
                
    Blynk.run();  //refreshes blynk connection (keep-alive)
}

//Function: verify if water consumption is below the defines limit
//Params: none
//Return: YES - water consumption is above limit
//        NO - water consumption is below limit
char VerifyLimitOfConsumption(void)
{
     Blynk.run();  //refreshes blynk connection (keep-alive)
     if (LimitOfConsumptionDefined == NO)
         return NO;

     if (CalculatedConsumption > (float)LimitOfConsumption)
         return YES;
     else
         return NO;      
}

//Function: show calculated water flow and consumption os serial monitor
//Params: none
//Return: none
void ShowDebugMessagesInfoCalculated(void)
{
    char i;
    
    Serial.println(" ");
    
    Serial.print("[FLOW] Calculated flow: ");
    Serial.print(CalculatedFlow);
    Serial.println("l/h");
    Serial.print("[CONSUMPTION] Calculated consumption: ");
    Serial.print(CalculatedConsumption);
    Serial.println("l");
    
    Serial.print("[SENSOR] Number of pulses: ");
    Serial.println(SensorPulseCounter);

    Serial.print("[CAL_STATUS] ");
    if (CalibrationMode == YES)
        Serial.println("YES");
    else
        Serial.println("NO");

    Serial.println("EEPROM KEY: ");

    for(i=0;i<17;i++)
        Serial.print(EEPROMKeyRead[i]);

    Serial.println(" ");
    Serial.print("Calibration factor: ");
    Serial.print(PulsosPerLitter);
    Serial.println(" ");
    
    Blynk.run();  //refreshes blynk connection (keep-alive)
}

//Function: turn on sensor counting pulses
//Params: none
//Return: none
void TurnOnSensorPulseCounting(void)
{
    //this function allows pulse counter reset only if sensor it's already calibrated
    if (CalibrationMode == NO)
        ResetCountSensorPulses();
    
    //attach sensor pin's interrup (rising edge)
    attachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(PIN_SENSOR), CountSensorPulses, RISING);
    Blynk.run();  //refreshes blynk connection (keep-alive)
}

//Function: turn on sensor counting pulses
//Params: none
//Return: none
void TurnOffSensorPulseCounting(void)
{
    detachInterrupt(digitalPinToInterrupt(PIN_SENSOR));
    Blynk.run();  //refreshes blynk connection (keep-alive)
}

//Function: controls breathing light
//Params: none
//Return: none
void ControlBreathingLight(void)
{
    WidgetLED BreathingLightApp(VP_BREATHING_LIGHT_APP);

    //if this board is under calibration, the breathing led don't blink
    if (CalibrationMode==YES)
    {
         digitalWrite(BREATHING_LIGHT,HIGH);    
         BreathingLightApp.on();
         Blynk.run();  //refreshes blynk connection (keep-alive)        
         return;
    }
    
    VarToggle = ~VarToggle;
    if (!VarToggle)
    {
        digitalWrite(BREATHING_LIGHT,LOW);
        BreathingLightApp.off();
    }
    else    
    {
        digitalWrite(BREATHING_LIGHT,HIGH);    
        BreathingLightApp.on();
    }
    
    Blynk.run();  //refreshes blynk connection (keep-alive)        
}

//Function: starts EEPROM and reads values. If there is no relevant data, default data is written in EEPROM.
//Params: none
//Return: none
void StartEEPROMAndReadValues(void)
{
    char EEPROMKey[] = EEPROM_KEY;
    char i;

    EEPROM.begin(EEPROM_BYTES); 

    //reads first 48 bytes (EEPROM key size) to check if data written on EEPROM is relevant. 
    //If yes, load it. If not, start EEPROM data with default values.
    for(i=0;i<17;i++)
        EEPROMKeyRead[i] = EEPROM.read(i);
 
    EEPROM.end();
    
    if (memcmp(EEPROMKey,EEPROMKeyRead,17) == 0)
    {
        PulsosPerLitter = EEPROMReadlong(ADDRESS_PULSES_PER_LITTER);
        CalibrationMode = EEPROM.read(ADDRESS_CALIBRATION_MODE);
        LimitOfConsumptionDefined = EEPROM.read(ADDRESS_LIMIT_CONSUMPTION_DEFINE);
        LimitOfConsumption = EEPROMReadlong(ADDRESS_LIMIT_CONSUMPTION);
        Serial.println("[EEPROM] The data on EEPROM are ok and loaded successfully");    
    }
    else
    {  
        for(i=0;i<17;i++)
            EEPROM.write(i, EEPROMKey[i]);

        CalibrationMode = NO;
        LimitOfConsumptionDefined = NO;
        LimitOfConsumption = NO;
        PulsosPerLitter = 0;

        EEPROMWritelong(ADDRESS_PULSES_PER_LITTER,PulsosPerLitter);
        EEPROM.write(ADDRESS_CALIBRATION_MODE, CalibrationMode);
        EEPROM.write(ADDRESS_LIMIT_CONSUMPTION_DEFINE, LimitOfConsumptionDefined);
        EEPROMWritelong(ADDRESS_LIMIT_CONSUMPTION,LimitOfConsumption);
        Serial.println("[EEPROM] There was no relevant data on EEPROM.");    
    }
}

//Function: read a long value stores on EEPROM. Reference: http://playground.arduino.cc/Code/EEPROMReadWriteLong
//Params: first address of long value
//Return: long value
long EEPROMReadlong(long address)
{
    EEPROM.begin(EEPROM_BYTES); 

    //Read the 4 bytes from the eeprom memory.
    long four = EEPROM.read(address);
    long three = EEPROM.read(address + 1);
    long two = EEPROM.read(address + 2);
    long one = EEPROM.read(address + 3);

    EEPROM.end();
    
    //Return the recomposed long by using bitshift.
    return ((four << 0) & 0xFF) + ((three << 8) & 0xFFFF) + ((two << 16) & 0xFFFFFF) + ((one << 24) & 0xFFFFFFFF);
}

//Function: write a long value stores on EEPROM. Reference: http://playground.arduino.cc/Code/EEPROMReadWriteLong
//Params: first address of long value and long value itself
//Return: none
void EEPROMWritelong(int address, long value)
{
    EEPROM.begin(EEPROM_BYTES); 
    
    //Decomposition from a long to 4 bytes by using bitshift.
    //One = Most significant -> Four = Least significant byte
    byte four = (value & 0xFF);
    byte three = ((value >> 8) & 0xFF);
    byte two = ((value >> 16) & 0xFF);
    byte one = ((value >> 24) & 0xFF);

    //Write the 4 bytes into the eeprom memory.
    EEPROM.write(address, four);
    EEPROM.write(address + 1, three);
    EEPROM.write(address + 2, two);
    EEPROM.write(address + 3, one);
    EEPROM.end();
}
//Setup function. Here the inits are made!
void setup() 
{
    Serial.begin(115200);

    //starts EEPROM and loads saved values
    StartEEPROMAndReadValues();
    
    //variables init
    ResetCountSensorPulses();
    CalculatedFlow = 0.0;
    CalculatedConsumption = 0.0;
    
    //configure sensor pin as input
    pinMode(PIN_SENSOR, INPUT);

    //configure breathing light pin
    pinMode(BREATHING_LIGHT,OUTPUT);

    //initialize Blynk
    Blynk.begin(BlynkAuth, WiFiNetwork, WiFiPassword);
    
    //start counting sensor's pulses 
    TurnOnSensorPulseCounting();
    VarToggle = 0;
    LastMillis = millis();
}

//main loop / main program
void loop() 
{   
    Blynk.run();    
    
    if ((millis() - LastMillis) >= 1000)
    {
        //to avoid calculation errors, the sensor pulse acquisition is disabled
        //during all calculation     
        TurnOffSensorPulseCounting();
        
        //calculate water and flow consumption
        CalculateFlowAndConsumption();
        Blynk.run();    
        
        //send calculated values to Blynk App
        SendFlowAndConsumptionToApp();       
        Blynk.run();    
        
        //debug messages
        ShowDebugMessagesInfoCalculated();
        Blynk.run();    
        
        //verifiy if water consumption is below limit defined
        if (VerifyLimitOfConsumption() == YES)
             Blynk.virtualWrite(VP_WARNING_CONSUMPTION_LIMIT, "Water consumption is too high!"); 
        else
             Blynk.virtualWrite(VP_WARNING_CONSUMPTION_LIMIT, "Water consumption is below limit."); 
        Blynk.run();    
        
         //reset time-slice processing
        LastMillis = millis();    
        Blynk.run();    
        
        //calculation and sending data is complete! Sensor pulse acquisition starts again        
        TurnOnSensorPulseCounting();
        Blynk.run();    
        
        //control project's breathing light
        ControlBreathingLight();   
        Blynk.run();    
    }
}

Credits

Pedro Henrique Fonseca Bertoleti

Pedro Henrique Fonseca Bertoleti

8 projects • 50 followers
Hi there! My name is Pedro Bertoleti. I am aboslutely crazy about: - Electronics - Embedded software design - Technology

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