Published September 28, 2022

Watero

With Watero smart irrigation system, your plants will be healthy and flourish all year round. You'll never have to worry again!

IntermediateFull instructions provided286

Things used in this project

Hardware components

Espressif ESP32

Seeed Studio Wio Terminal

Seeed Studio Grove - I2C High Accuracy Temp&Humi Sensor (SHT35)

water pumps

Growth led

Software apps and online services

Arduino IoT Cloud

Story

Introduction:

It all started when I first had to leave my apartment for two weeks and leave my plants while they were in the root developing phase, that's when I had to figure out a solution to fight both water deficiency and darkness. And with that in mind, "Watero" was born!

"Watero" is a smart irrigation system combined with UV growth led mounted in an incubator that presents the perfect solution to maintain plants' health and helps them grow in the best way possible.

How it Works:

for this project, we chose to build a modular system where an esp32 lolin will be a node that collects data from sensors from Seeed Studio, and a Wio terminal will be our HMI (Human Machine Interface).

Both the HMI and the node will communicate via adafruit io using MQTT protocol, though for extra availability the Esp32 node will be connected to Arduino Cloud since it provides easy-to-make dashboards and a wide range of libraries and provides a mobile application for easy access to our setup, Also the Wio terminal will be connected to a LoraWAN network via the LoraWAN module provided from Seeed Studio.

Hardware Setup:

Step1: Install water dripping set + water pumps:

For this step you are free to choose the setup that you like most, in our case the water pipes and dripping set will be installed in an incubator since we want to protect the plants from cold and wind as shown in the picture :

dripping set setup

The water pumps are submerged in a big tunk of water connected to the water pipes setup.

Water pumps installation in water tanks

Step2: Installing UV growth LEDs:

As shown in the picture below, we have chosen these LED strips for the growth lights imitation as it gets darker during winter and plants need more lighting:

1 / 3 • UV growth LEDs setup in the incubator

Step3: esp32 setup:

connect all the Grove SHT4x/SHT31 to the Esp32 using the I2C interface :

connect the Grove soil moist sensor to an analog Pin of the Esp32.
to be able to control the pumps and UV light strip, we've decided to use relays as a medium of control to switch between ON and OFF states. The esp32 is then connected to "Arduino cloud" which offers a control interface we'll go through it in the next steps.

esp32 lolin

Software Setup:

Step1: connecting ESP32 to Arduino cloud:

go to https://cloud.arduino.cc/ and make a free account
follow this documentation to perform the next steps: https://docs.arduino.cc/arduino-cloud/getting-started/iot-cloud-getting-started
connect your device to your account
create your sketch
and finally, you can create a simple dashboard like this one :

Arduino Cloud Dashboard

Also, you can download an app "IoT Remote"on your phone to control the pump(s) and the UV light, you just need to log in using the same credentials :

1 / 2

Step 2: Preparing the Wio terminal :

create a simple visual dashboard for the HMI where we will show temperature, humidity, and moisture readings, also we will display the status of the relays that we will receive through the Adafruit io platform:

HMI

//the dashboard part // should be inside the loop func

tft.setTextColor(TFT_BLACK, TFT_WHITE);
tft.setFreeFont(&FreeSansBoldOblique12pt7b);
//select Free, Sans, Bold, Oblique, 12pt.
tft.drawString("Temp",00,00);
tft.drawString("Humi",130,00);
tft.drawString("Moist",252,00);
tft.drawString("Pump",230,110);
tft.drawString("UVLed",48,110);
//  tft.setCursor(120, 200, 4);
tft.setTextColor(TFT_GREEN, TFT_WHITE);
tft.drawString("Watero",100,200,1);
// delay(500);
tft.setTextColor(TFT_BLUE, TFT_BLACK);

Step 3: setup adafruit io platform :

go to https://io.adafruit.com/ and make an account
for more details you can follow this rich tutorial from Seeed Studio using the Wio terminal which will explain the usage of MQTT protocol and the Adafruit Io platform too step by step :

tutorial

install the "adafruit mqtt " library for both Wio terminal and Esp32
for the full code for both Wio terminal and Esp32 check the attached code.

#include"Free_Fonts.h"
#include <TFT_eSPI.h>        // Hardware-specific library
#include "seeed_rpcUnified.h"
#include "rtl_wifi/wifi_unified.h"
#include "DNSServer.h"
#include "WebServer.h"
 

#include "Adafruit_MQTT.h"
#include "Adafruit_MQTT_Client.h"

#define AIO_SERVER      "io.adafruit.com"
#define AIO_SERVERPORT  1883                   // use 8883 for SSL
#define AIO_USERNAME    "usernqme"
#define AIO_KEY         "Enter_Adafruit_IO_Key"

const char *ssid = "ssid";
const char *password = "pass";
TFT_eSPI tft = TFT_eSPI();   // Invoke library
Adafruit_MQTT_Client mqtt(&client, AIO_SERVER, AIO_SERVERPORT, AIO_USERNAME, AIO_KEY);
float temp,moist,hum;
String sts_1,sts_2;
Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe hum = Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe(&mqtt, AIO_USERNAME "/feeds/hum");
Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe moist = Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe(&mqtt, AIO_USERNAME "/feeds/moist");
Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe tem = Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe(&mqtt, AIO_USERNAME "/feeds/temp");

// Bug workaround for Arduino 1.6.6, it seems to need a function declaration
// for some reason (only affects ESP8266, likely an arduino-builder bug).
void MQTT_connect();

esp_err_t wifi_event_callback(void *ctx, system_event_t *event)
{
    Serial.printf("[WiFi-event] event: %d\n\r", event->event_id);
    
    switch (event->event_id)
    {
    case SYSTEM_EVENT_WIFI_READY:
        Serial.printf("WiFi interface ready\n\r");
        break;
    case SYSTEM_EVENT_SCAN_DONE:
        Serial.printf("Completed scan for access points\n\r");
        break;
    case SYSTEM_EVENT_STA_START:
        Serial.printf("WiFi client started\n\r");
        break;
    case SYSTEM_EVENT_STA_STOP:
        Serial.printf("WiFi clients stopped\n\r");
        break;
    case SYSTEM_EVENT_STA_CONNECTED:
        Serial.printf("Connected to access point\n\r");
        break;
    case SYSTEM_EVENT_STA_DISCONNECTED:
        Serial.printf("Disconnected from WiFi access point\n\r");
        break;
    case SYSTEM_EVENT_STA_AUTHMODE_CHANGE:
        Serial.printf("Authentication mode of access point has changed\n\r");
        break;
    case SYSTEM_EVENT_STA_GOT_IP:
        Serial.printf("Obtained IP address: \n\r");
        break;
    case SYSTEM_EVENT_STA_LOST_IP:
        Serial.printf("Lost IP address and IP address is reset to 0\n\r");
        break;
    case SYSTEM_EVENT_STA_WPS_ER_SUCCESS:
        Serial.printf("WiFi Protected Setup (WPS): succeeded in enrollee mode\n\r");
        break;
    case SYSTEM_EVENT_STA_WPS_ER_FAILED:
        Serial.printf("WiFi Protected Setup (WPS): failed in enrollee mode\n\r");
        break;
    case SYSTEM_EVENT_STA_WPS_ER_TIMEOUT:
        Serial.printf("WiFi Protected Setup (WPS): timeout in enrollee mode\n\r");
        break;
    case SYSTEM_EVENT_STA_WPS_ER_PIN:
        Serial.printf("WiFi Protected Setup (WPS): pin code in enrollee mode\n\r");
        break;
    case SYSTEM_EVENT_AP_START:
        Serial.printf("WiFi access point started\n\r");
        break;
    case SYSTEM_EVENT_AP_STOP:
        Serial.printf("WiFi access point  stopped\n\r");
        break;
    case SYSTEM_EVENT_AP_STACONNECTED:
        Serial.printf("Client connected\n\r");
        break;
    case SYSTEM_EVENT_AP_STADISCONNECTED:
        Serial.printf("Client disconnected\n\r");
        break;
    case SYSTEM_EVENT_AP_STAIPASSIGNED:
        Serial.printf("Assigned IP address to client\n\r");
        break;
    case SYSTEM_EVENT_AP_PROBEREQRECVED:
        Serial.printf("Received probe request\n\r");
        break;
    case SYSTEM_EVENT_GOT_IP6:
        Serial.printf("IPv6 is preferred\n\r");
        break;
    case SYSTEM_EVENT_ETH_START:
        Serial.printf("Ethernet started\n\r");
        break;
    case SYSTEM_EVENT_ETH_STOP:
        Serial.printf("Ethernet stopped\n\r");
        break;
    case SYSTEM_EVENT_ETH_CONNECTED:
        Serial.printf("Ethernet connected\n\r");
        break;
    case SYSTEM_EVENT_ETH_DISCONNECTED:
        Serial.printf("Ethernet disconnected\n\r");
        break;
    case SYSTEM_EVENT_ETH_GOT_IP:
        Serial.printf("Obtained IP address\n\r");
        break;
    default:
        break;
    }

    return ESP_OK;
}


void setup() {
   system_event_callback_reg(wifi_event_callback);
    tcpip_adapter_init();
  tcpip_adapter_dhcpc_stop(TCPIP_ADAPTER_IF_STA);
  wifi_off();
    vTaskDelay(20);
  if (wifi_on(RTW_MODE_STA) < 0){
    printf("\n\rERROR: Wifi on STA failed!");
  }
  int ret = rpc_wifi_connect(ssid, password, RTW_SECURITY_WPA2_AES_PSK, -1, NULL);
  if(ret == RTW_ERROR)
  {
    printf("Error!!\n\r");
  }else
  {
    tcpip_adapter_dhcpc_start(TCPIP_ADAPTER_IF_STA);
  }
    tft.begin();  
    tft.setRotation(3);// Initialise the display
    tft.fillScreen(TFT_WHITE); // Black screen fill
     mqtt.subscribe(&temp);
  mqtt.subscribe(&moist);
  mqtt.subscribe(&hum);
}

void loop() {

     static wlan_fast_reconnect_profile_t wifi_info = {0};
 if(wifi_get_reconnect_data(&wifi_info)!=0)
  {
    Serial.printf("SSID: %s\n\r", wifi_info.psk_essid);
    Serial.println("Cnx_OK");
  }
   MQTT_connect();
   Adafruit_MQTT_Subscribe *subscription;
  while ((subscription = mqtt.readSubscription(5000))) {
    // Check if its the onoff button feed
    if (subscription == &temp) {
    int16_t  t=(int16_t *)temp.lastread)    
    }
    
    if (subscription == &moist) {
    int16_t  m=(int16_t *)moist.lastread) 
    }
     if (subscription == &hum) {
    int16_t  h=(int16_t *)hum.lastread) 
    }
  }
  tft.setTextColor(TFT_BLACK, TFT_WHITE);
  tft.setFreeFont(&FreeSansBoldOblique12pt7b);
    //select Free, Sans, Bold, Oblique, 12pt.
  tft.drawString("Temp",00,00);
  tft.drawString("Humi",130,00);
  tft.drawString("Moist",252,00);
  tft.drawString("Pump",230,110);
  tft.drawString("UVLed",48,110);
    //  tft.setCursor(120, 200, 4);
      tft.setTextColor(TFT_GREEN, TFT_WHITE);
     tft.drawString("Watero",100,200,1);
   // delay(500);
   tft.setTextColor(TFT_BLUE, TFT_BLACK);
  
tft.drawNumber(t, 00, 30,7);
tft.drawNumber(h, 130,30,7);
tft.drawNumber(m, 250, 30,7);
String sts_1="ON";
String sts_2="OFF";
  tft.drawString(sts_1,230,150);
  tft.drawString(sts_2,48,150); 
  if(! mqtt.ping()) {
    mqtt.disconnect();
  }
}
void MQTT_connect()
{
  int8_t ret;

  // Stop if already connected.
  if (mqtt.connected()) {
    return;
  }

  Serial.print("Connecting to MQTT ");

  uint8_t retries = 3;

  while ((ret = mqtt.connect()) != 0) { // connect will return 0 for connected
    Serial.println(mqtt.connectErrorString(ret));
    Serial.println("Retrying MQTT connection in 5 seconds");
    mqtt.disconnect();

#include <WiFi.h>
#include "WiFiClientSecure.h"
#include "Adafruit_MQTT.h"
#include "Adafruit_MQTT_Client.h"
#include <SensirionI2CSht4x.h>
#include <Wire.h>
/************************* WiFi Access Point *********************************/

#define WLAN_SSID "WLAN_SSID"
#define WLAN_PASS "WIFI_PASSWORD"

/************************* Adafruit.io Setup *********************************/

#define AIO_SERVER      "io.adafruit.com"

// Using port 8883 for MQTTS
#define AIO_SERVERPORT  8883

// Adafruit IO Account Configuration
// (to obtain these values, visit https://io.adafruit.com and click on Active Key)
#define AIO_USERNAME "YOUR_ADAFRUIT_IO_USERNAME"
#define AIO_KEY      "YOUR_ADAFRUIT_IO_KEY"

/************ Global State (you don't need to change this!) ******************/

// WiFiFlientSecure for SSL/TLS support
WiFiClientSecure client;

// Setup the MQTT client class by passing in the WiFi client and MQTT server and login details.
Adafruit_MQTT_Client mqtt(&client, AIO_SERVER, AIO_SERVERPORT, AIO_USERNAME, AIO_KEY);

// io.adafruit.com root CA
const char* adafruitio_root_ca = \
    "-----BEGIN CERTIFICATE-----\n" \
    "MIIDrzCCApegAwIBAgIQCDvgVpBCRrGhdWrJWZHHSjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQUFADBh\n" \
    "MQswCQYDVQQGEwJVUzEVMBMGA1UEChMMRGlnaUNlcnQgSW5jMRkwFwYDVQQLExB3\n" \
    "d3cuZGlnaWNlcnQuY29tMSAwHgYDVQQDExdEaWdpQ2VydCBHbG9iYWwgUm9vdCBD\n" \
    "QTAeFw0wNjExMTAwMDAwMDBaFw0zMTExMTAwMDAwMDBaMGExCzAJBgNVBAYTAlVT\n" \
    "MRUwEwYDVQQKEwxEaWdpQ2VydCBJbmMxGTAXBgNVBAsTEHd3dy5kaWdpY2VydC5j\n" \
    "b20xIDAeBgNVBAMTF0RpZ2lDZXJ0IEdsb2JhbCBSb290IENBMIIBIjANBgkqhkiG\n" \
    "9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEA4jvhEXLeqKTTo1eqUKKPC3eQyaKl7hLOllsB\n" \
    "CSDMAZOnTjC3U/dDxGkAV53ijSLdhwZAAIEJzs4bg7/fzTtxRuLWZscFs3YnFo97\n" \
    "nh6Vfe63SKMI2tavegw5BmV/Sl0fvBf4q77uKNd0f3p4mVmFaG5cIzJLv07A6Fpt\n" \
    "43C/dxC//AH2hdmoRBBYMql1GNXRor5H4idq9Joz+EkIYIvUX7Q6hL+hqkpMfT7P\n" \
    "T19sdl6gSzeRntwi5m3OFBqOasv+zbMUZBfHWymeMr/y7vrTC0LUq7dBMtoM1O/4\n" \
    "gdW7jVg/tRvoSSiicNoxBN33shbyTApOB6jtSj1etX+jkMOvJwIDAQABo2MwYTAO\n" \
    "BgNVHQ8BAf8EBAMCAYYwDwYDVR0TAQH/BAUwAwEB/zAdBgNVHQ4EFgQUA95QNVbR\n" \
    "TLtm8KPiGxvDl7I90VUwHwYDVR0jBBgwFoAUA95QNVbRTLtm8KPiGxvDl7I90VUw\n" \
    "DQYJKoZIhvcNAQEFBQADggEBAMucN6pIExIK+t1EnE9SsPTfrgT1eXkIoyQY/Esr\n" \
    "hMAtudXH/vTBH1jLuG2cenTnmCmrEbXjcKChzUyImZOMkXDiqw8cvpOp/2PV5Adg\n" \
    "06O/nVsJ8dWO41P0jmP6P6fbtGbfYmbW0W5BjfIttep3Sp+dWOIrWcBAI+0tKIJF\n" \
    "PnlUkiaY4IBIqDfv8NZ5YBberOgOzW6sRBc4L0na4UU+Krk2U886UAb3LujEV0ls\n" \
    "YSEY1QSteDwsOoBrp+uvFRTp2InBuThs4pFsiv9kuXclVzDAGySj4dzp30d8tbQk\n" \
    "CAUw7C29C79Fv1C5qfPrmAESrciIxpg0X40KPMbp1ZWVbd4=\n" \
    "-----END CERTIFICATE-----\n";

/****************************** Feeds ***************************************/

// Setup a feed called 'test' for publishing.
// Notice MQTT paths for AIO follow the form: <username>/feeds/<feedname>


/*************************** Sketch Code ************************************/
SensirionI2CSht4x sht4x;
void setup() {
  Serial.begin(115200);
  delay(10);
pinMode(4,OUTPUT);
  pinMode(13,OUTPUT);
  //I2C SHT40 temp&Hum sensor init
 Wire.begin();
 
    uint16_t error;
    char errorMessage[256];
 
    sht4x.begin(Wire);
 
    uint32_t serialNumber;
    error = sht4x.serialNumber(serialNumber);
    if (error) {
        Serial.print("Error trying to execute serialNumber(): ");
        errorToString(error, errorMessage, 256);
        Serial.println(errorMessage);
    } else {
        Serial.print("Serial Number: ");
        Serial.println(serialNumber);
    }
    //end SHT40 init 

  
  // Connect to WiFi access point.
  Serial.println(); Serial.println();
  Serial.print("Connecting to ");
  Serial.println(WLAN_SSID);

  delay(1000);

  WiFi.begin(WLAN_SSID, WLAN_PASS);
  delay(2000);

  while (WiFi.status() != WL_CONNECTED) {
    delay(500);
    Serial.print(".");
  }
  Serial.println();

  Serial.println("WiFi connected");
  Serial.println("IP address: "); Serial.println(WiFi.localIP());

  // Set Adafruit IO's root CA
  client.setCACert(adafruitio_root_ca);
}

uint32_t x=0;

void loop() {
  // Ensure the connection to the MQTT server is alive (this will make the first
  // connection and automatically reconnect when disconnected).  See the MQTT_connect
  // function definition further below.
  moistref =analogRead(34);
  Serial.println(moistref);
  // SHT40
   uint16_t error;
    char errorMessage[256];

    delay(1000);

    float temperature;
    float humidity;
    error = sht4x.measureHighPrecision(temperature, humidity);
    if (error) {
        Serial.print("Error trying to execute measureHighPrecision(): ");
        errorToString(error, errorMessage, 256);
        Serial.println(errorMessage);
    } else {
        Serial.print("Temperature:");
        Serial.print(temperature);
        temp=temperature;
        Serial.print("\t");
        Serial.print("Humidity:");
        Serial.println(humidity);
        hum=humidity;
    }
Adafruit_MQTT_Publish hum = Adafruit_MQTT_Publish(&mqtt, AIO_USERNAME "/feeds/hum");
Adafruit_MQTT_Publish moistref = Adafruit_MQTT_Publish(&mqtt, AIO_USERNAME "/feeds/moist");
Adafruit_MQTT_Publish temp = Adafruit_MQTT_Publish(&mqtt, AIO_USERNAME "/feeds/temp");
  MQTT_connect();

  // Now we can publish stuff!
  Serial.print(F("\nSending val "));
  Serial.print(x);
  Serial.print(F(" to test feed..."));
  if (! test.publish(x++)) {
    Serial.println(F("Failed"));
  } else {
    Serial.println(F("OK!"));
  }

  // wait a couple seconds to avoid rate limit
  delay(2000);

}

// Function to connect and reconnect as necessary to the MQTT server.
// Should be called in the loop function and it will take care if connecting.
void MQTT_connect() {
  int8_t ret;

  // Stop if already connected.
  if (mqtt.connected()) {
    return;
  }

  Serial.print("Connecting to MQTT... ");

  uint8_t retries = 3;
  while ((ret = mqtt.connect()) != 0) { // connect will return 0 for connected
       Serial.println(mqtt.connectErrorString(ret));
       Serial.println("Retrying MQTT connection in 5 seconds...");
       mqtt.disconnect();
       delay(5000);  // wait 5 seconds
       retries--;
       if (retries == 0) {
         // basically die and wait for WDT to reset me
         while (1);
       }
  }

  Serial.println("MQTT Connected!");
}

Credits

Mohamed Nour Bouraoui

1 project • 1 follower

Watero

Things used in this project

Hardware components

Software apps and online services

Story

Introduction:

How it Works:

Hardware Setup:

Software Setup:

Code

Wio Terminal code

Esp32 Code

Credits

Mohamed Nour Bouraoui

Comments

Embed the widget on your own site

Watero

Watero

Things used in this project

Hardware components

Software apps and online services

Story

Introduction:

How it Works:

Hardware Setup:

Software Setup:

Code

Wio Terminal code

Esp32 Code

Credits

Mohamed Nour Bouraoui

Comments

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